Kusunga madzi ndi chitetezo cha zomera: zonsezi - njira yothirira kuthirira zitsamba ndi manja awo (momwe angapangire ndikukonzekera ndondomeko ya ulimi wothirira)

Kusiya ulimi wothirira ndi dongosolo lomwe lagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mayiko ambiri. Pakatikati iye Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu greenhouses.

Chomera chadothi chimapulumutsa madzi, chimachepetsa kutentha kwa nthaka, kuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito kwa ulimi wothirira.

Momwe mungapangire madzi okwanira ndi manja awo mu wowonjezera kutentha? Momwe mungakonzere madzi okwanira mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi manja anu, tidzakambirana zambiri m'nkhaniyi.

Ubwino wa dongosolo

Kuthirira mwachangu mu wowonjezera kutentha kumachita nokha kupewa kutentha kwa zomera, ndipo makamaka zimapezeka ndi njira yowiririra ulimi. Popeza madontho amachititsa kuti disolo liziyenda bwino, zomera zimatha kuvutika.

Kufika kwa madzi kumapezeka pang'onopang'ono, dziko lapansi limadzaza ndi chinyezi. Koma ngati tiganizira njira yopezeramo ulimi wothirira, ndiye kuti madziwo amalowa mkati mwa masentimita 10 okha.

Mwa kukhazikitsa njira yothirira madzi mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi manja anu, mudzatha kudyetsa chikhalidwe ndi zakudya zam'madzi ndi mlingo woyenera. Mafunde ndi mabedi a ulimi wothirira sangapangidwe, mudzasunga feteleza. Mowa madzi okwanira anaika mu wowonjezera kutentha, kumawonjezera zokolola. Mbande amafa mochepa, imapulumutsanso ndalama.

Zomera zimapeza chinyezi pansi pa mizu, zimakula bwino. Kutentha kwa nthaka sikunathere, komanso kutuluka kwa madzi. Koma namsongole amakhala ovuta kukula. Mafamu omwe alibe madzi okwanira akhoza kusonkhanitsa madzi kuti akudiridwe ndikuwunikiritsa moyenera. Makampani azaulimi okha pa izi akhoza kusunga ndi kulipira dongosolo kuthirira.

Kupaka ulimi wothirira kumakhudza kwambiri mizu, dongosololi limakhala lolimba komanso lamagetsi. Izi zimapangitsa zomera kuti zichotse zakudya zambiri m'nthaka. Muzitsitsa zomera zowonongeka, mukhoza kusiya zomera zomwe simukuziyembekezera kwa nthawi ndithu.

Ndikofunikira! Mukakhazikitsa dongosolo la kuthirira madzi otentha ndi manja anu, mutha kuchotsa matenda a tsamba. Powdery mildew ndi nthata za kangaude sizidzawoneka pa zomera.

Zosankha zokhazikika pa ulimi wothirira

Kupaka ulimi wothirira ndi mitundu yambiri, komabe njira iliyonse yothirira kuthirira zitsamba ndi manja awo iyenera kukhutiritsa chikhalidwe chotsatira: madzi sayenera kuperekedwa pamsewu, koma ku mizu ya zomera. Ngati izi sizikuchitika, zotsatirazi zotsatira ndizotheka:

• mbewu zidzakula kwambiri, ndipo namsongole adzakula;
• kufunika kwa kumasulidwa kudzawonjezeka;
• Kutentha kwa dothi kudzachitika dzuwa.

Njira yokha madzi okwanira mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi manja awo ingapangidwe kuchokera ku njira zopangidwa bwino, ndi kuthandizidwa ndi zipangizo zamaluso.

Kupititsa patsogolo njira

Kodi mungapange bwanji madzi okwanira m'madzi otentha? Tiyeni tiwone. Ngati muli ndi dera laling'ono, pangani madzi okwanira. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kugula munda wa PVC payipi, sankhani imodzi kukula kwake kwa lumen kumakhala kuchokera 3 mpaka 8 mm.

Muyenera kufa kuti mufe. Monga thanki, mungagwiritse ntchito zidebe pogwiritsa ntchito mabowo m'mabotomo awo. Kutulutsa pulasitiki. Nthawi zina mumagwiritsa ntchito zisindikizo za mphira. Iyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera vutoli ngati mubwera ku nyumbayi pamapeto a sabata. Ndondomeko ikufalikira, imagwa. Musanachoke, mumayika mwamsanga. Kuthira kwachangu kwa wowonjezera kutentha ndi manja anu - ndondomeko - yang'anani chithunzi kumanzere.

Ndi madzi kudzera muipiipi

Njira iyi ya ulimi wothirira ndi yabwino kwa malo akuluakulu. Nazi zonse zimadalira mphamvu. Mukhoza kusankha zomangamanga zokhazikika kapena zosavuta. Low pressure - 0.1-0.3 bar, yachibadwa - kukakamizidwa 0.7-3 bar. Pofuna kupanikizidwa pakapalasi 1, m'pofunikira kukweza sitima pamtunda wa mamita 10, koma kuikapo kwapansi kwazomwe kumapangitsa kuti mamita a mamita atatu akhale okwanira. Ndizosatheka kuthira madzi mabedi makumi awiri.

Inde, lero pali njira zowiririra kwambiri zothirira. Kuthira kwa ubweya kumapindulitsa kwambiri, koma n'zosatheka kupanga unsembe wotere ndi manja anu. Adzafunsira kwa akatswiri. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, m'pofunika kuganizira kuti mtengo wa malo oterowo ndi wapamwamba.

Chithunzi

Mutha kuona bwino momwe mungakonzekerere kuthirira madzi akumwa mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi manja anu, mu chithunzi pansipa:

Njira zopezera madzi

Kuti mukhale wowonjezera kutentha, njira yosavuta ndiyo kupanga njira yomwe madzi amachokera motere:

• kafukufuku wamkulu;
• madzi;
• mpweya wotsimikizika mu dziwe, bwino kapena bwino.

Gwiritsani ntchito gwerolo ku gwero. Apatseni ndi fyuluta ndi valve yotseka. Matanki omwe ali ndi njira zamchere zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi nsanja, ndipo mabomba amaphatikizidwa ku mzere waukulu womwe, kudzera mwa madzi omwe amathamangira ku mabedi.

Mudzafunika:

• ziphuphu zowonongeka;
• matepi;
• matepi okwanira.

Mapepala amaikidwa pamabedi.

Mangani kayendedwe ka madontho

Pezani wotsogolera wamba, mudzakonzekera kuti mutsegule pa nthawi yomwe mukufunika kuthirira mabedi. Zida zofunika ikani kuseri kwa fyuluta. Sankhani zipangizo zamakono zoyendera madzi.

Kuti atsegulidwe Mchitidwe wa mchenga wa miyala-mchenga udzachitayopangidwa mwatsatanetsatane kuti aziyeretsa. Kuphatikizana ndi fyuluta ya diski yokonzedweratu bwino, dongosolo limapereka zotsatira zabwino kwambiri.

Ngati mutenga madzi kuchokera pachitsime, ndiye gula maimenti ozolowereka kapena fyuluta yamtundu. Madzi ochokera mumtsinje kapena dziwe ayenera kutetezedwa, ndiyeno ayenera kusankhidwa.

Konzani zida, yambani kayendedwe ka madzi okwanira mu kampani yapadera. Standard kit lili ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

• fyuluta yamadzi;
• tepi;
• othandizira, ndi chithandizo chawo kuti mugwirizanitse fyuluta ndi mapepala;
• Yambani zolumikiza, ali ndi matepi ndipo ali ndi zisindikizo zapadera za raba;
• Yambani zolumikiza, ziribe matepi, koma ndi zisindikizo za mphira;
• Zowonjezera zowonongeka ndi zogawanika zimafunikila ntchito yoyenera.

Kukonzekera kwadongosolo ali ndi ndondomeko zotsatirazi:

1. Pangani chithunzi. Pa tepiyi yayeso yesayezetsa mabedi, lembani pamapepala, penyani mlingo. Mu chithunzichi, tchulani malo a madzi.
2. Fotokozani chiwerengero cha mapaipi, kutalika kwake. Ma greenhouses amagula mankhwala a PVC, omwe amakhala oyenera kwambiri - kuchokera 32mm.
3. Gwiritsani chitoliro cha trunk ku tanka, izi zingatheke mosavuta pogwiritsira ntchito phula labwino la munda.
4. Onetsetsani fyuluta, panthawi yowonjezera, yang'anani mivi yomwe imasonyeza momwe madzi akuyendera. Ikani fyuluta, ndikuganizira malingaliro a wopanga.
5. Tengani chizindikiro, gwiritsani ntchito majeremusi paipiipi. Ndi malo awa omwe mudzakweza tepiyi.
6. Dulani mabowo. Zidzakhala choncho kuti zisindikizo za raba zilowemo mwa khama. Pambuyo pake, yikani zoyambira-zolumikiza.
7. Dinani tepi. Dulani, yanizani mapeto ake ndipo yang'anani bwino. Ikani kapu pambali pa mapaipi.

Ndondomeko yothirira madzi, ngati itachita bwino, adzakutumikira nyengo zingapo. Mumazigwetsa mosavuta mu kugwa. Sambani tepi bwinobwino musanaisunge. Ngati munagwiritsa ntchito matepi opangidwa ndi nyengo imodzi, ndiye mutumizeni kuti abwezeretsenso.