Ndikofunika kusintha mkhalidwe wa nthaka ndikuonjezera zokolola za zomera chaka ndi chaka. "Trichodermin" imagwiritsidwa ntchito popewera matenda a fungal ndi kukulitsa kukula kwa mbewu. Thupili ndi lotetezeka ku thupi la munthu.
Kulongosola kwa mankhwala
Mankhwalawa amapangidwa pa maziko a spores wa bowa kuchokera ku mitundu. Trichoderma lignorum. Kawirikawiri mankhwalawa amapezeka ngati ufa wouma, komanso mofanana ndi madzi. Pali mitundu yambiri ya "Trichodermin" malingana ndi gawo limene bowa limakula:
- Peat
- Chiwombankhanga
- Udzu
- Polovoy
Chogwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama ndi njira yogwirira ntchito
Kutsutsana Trichoderma lignorum zimagwira ntchito m'nthaka ndi kukhala mdani wa mabakiteriya ndi bowa zina zomwe zimayambitsa zomera. Chinthuchi chimakhudza kwambiri kuwonongeka kwa ammonium ndi nitrite, kumapangitsa nthaka ndi phosphorous ndi calcium, zomwe ziri zofunika kuti mbewu zizikula bwino.
Zosangalatsa zokhudza feteleza: potaziyamu sulfate, succinic asidi, nayitrogeni feteleza, potaziyamu humate, makala, ammonium nitrate.Zomwe zimatulutsidwa pa ntchito yofunikira ya mkangano zimakhalanso zogwira ntchito komanso zimapereka chithandizo chawo kukulitsa kukula kwa mbewu. Zimapanga njira zosiyanasiyana zochepetsera nthaka.
Mukudziwa? M'mayiko ena a ku Ulaya ndi Australia trichoderma amateteza zipatso za mbewu kuchokera ku chikoka choyipa.Mankhwalawa ali ndi zotsatira zabwino polimbana ndi bowa la mitundu. Cytosporaomwe amachititsa khansa ya zomera ndi kuyanika rhizomes. Mitundu yambiri ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda imafalitsidwa ndi zomera zotsalira kapena masoka achilengedwe. "Trichodermin" imadula bokosi lalikulu la tizilombo ndipo zimakhudza mtengo wokha.
Malangizo ogwiritsidwa ntchito
"Trichodermin" yapeza kuti ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza mbewu, zomera pa nyengo yokula ndi nthaka. Kuchiza mbewu kumatenga masiku awiri kapena atatu musanadzalemo. Muyenera kuyambitsa njira yothetsera mankhwala ndi madzi (mmalo mwa madzi, opanga amalangizidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito kefir kapena mkaka). Onjezerani 5 g wa mankhwala mpaka 5 malita a madzi. Kwa maola 12, nyemba ziyenera kukhalabe mu njirayi, kenako zikhoza kubzalidwa.
Ndikofunikira! Poonjezera gawo la mankhwalawa, limagwiritsidwa ntchito potsakaniza mankhwalawa: Planriz, Pentafag-S, Gaupsin."Trichodermin": momwe mungayambitsire mankhwala osokoneza bongo:
- Mbewu - 20 ml pa 1 kg
- Mbewu - 50 ml pa 1 makilogalamu
- Mpendadzuwa - 150 ml pa 1 makilogalamu
Mankhwala a mbewu zonse zamasamba, monga nkhaka, mbatata, tomato, ndi zina zotero amapezeka pamtunda wa 20 ml pa 1 makilogalamu. "Trichodermin" ili ndi malangizo ochuluka othandizira, omwe amasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa chikhalidwe ndi malo ogwiritsiridwa ntchito. Pofuna kupewa mizu ya masamba, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito 5 ml ya njira yothetsera mizu imodzi. Mukhoza kuthirira zomera masiku 3-4 masiku atatu ndi njira yothetsera 100 ml yokonzekera pa 10 malita a madzi. Kupopera mbewu kumaphatikizidwa ndi yankho la 100-300 ml la kukonzekera pa 10 l madzi."Trichodermin" ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa zomera za mphesa ndi mphesa. Zikhalidwe izi ziyenera kupopedwa kwa milungu iwiri kapena itatu kuti zitha kupewa matenda komanso kuti zipititse patsogolo.
Ndikofunikira! Ndibwino kukumbukira kuti mankhwalawa sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha pansi pa 15 °C.
Asayansi a ku America asamalira momwe angagwiritsire ntchito Trichodermin kwa nkhaka ndi tomato ndi zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zomwe zimachitika. Iwo anapanga chisakanizo cha ufa ndi matrix olimba ndipo anasonyeza kuti zokolola za mankhwalawa zawonjezeredwa. Anagwiritsira ntchito mbeuzo asanayambe kubzala ndi mizu panthawi yopititsa kumunda.
Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa
Kotero, momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito "Trichodermin", tsopano aliyense waphunzira. Ubwino wa mankhwala ndikuti ndi biocompatible ndi zakudya zambiri zowonjezera mavitamini. Kotero, ngati izo zasakanizidwa ndi mankhwala ena ndipo zinawonjezedwa kunthaka, ndiye palibe chowopsya chomwe chidzachitike. Mankhwalawa amanyamula nthaka ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana (ngakhale imakhala yogwira ntchito mu peat).
Zothandiza zokhudzana ndi fungicides ena: "Fundazol", "Fitosporin-M", "Kvadris", "Hom", "Skor", "Alirin B", "Topaz", "Strobe", "Abiga-Pik".Kutsutsana Trichoderma lignorum amatha kulimbana ndi mtundu uliwonse wa bowa, womwe ndi waukulu kwambiri wa mankhwala. Mavitamini a zamoyo zamtunduwu samadalira chinyezi cha nthaka ndipo akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito nyengo iliyonse. Spores ali ndi bwino kumera, kotero mankhwala "Trichodermin" amagwiritsa ntchito ngakhale mvula. Mvula yamkuntho sichidzachotsa spores kuchokera ku zomera.
Njira zotetezera. Gawo la Hazard
"Trikhodermin" ili ndi chitetezo chokwanira. Zomwe mukufunikira kuti mugwire ntchito ndi yankho - magolovesi. Biologically yogwira bowa zimakhudza okha parasitic bowa ndi mitundu yonse ya mabakiteriya. Kwa thupi la munthu, mankhwalawa ndi otetezeka kwambiri. Mukawaza zipatso za mphesa, ndiye pambuyo pa masiku angapo mukhoza kuzidya. 
Mukudziwa? Zowonjezereka "Trichodermin" mu nyemba zisanabzalidwe zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a fusarium ndi maulendo 7-8.Zakudya zachilengedwe "Trichodermin" ndizo kalasi yachinayi ya ngozi (ndibwino kuti njuchi iwone ndipo siziwononga zomera). Izi zikhoza kutengedwa ndi mwayi wina wa mankhwala.
Kusungirako zinthu ndi moyo wa alumali
Mankhwalawa ayenera kusungidwa kutentha kwa 10 - 15 ºє popanda kuwala kwa dzuwa. Ndi yosungirako bwino, "Trichodermin" idzakhala yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwa miyezi 9. Njira yothetserayi siyikulimbikitsidwa kusungidwa nthawi yoposa tsiku.
