Heather - zokwawa zokhazikika zomwe zimatha kukula kuthengo kuyambira zaka 30 mpaka 40. Chomera ichi chikuyimira kuyamikira ndi mwayi. Icho chiri cha banja la heather ndi lokhalo mu mawonekedwe ake. Heather ali ndi mitundu yokwana 20 yokongoletsera kulima munda.
M'nthaŵi zakale, heather imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira iliyonse: pothira, winemaking, ngakhale zidothi zovekedwa mu zingwe zachikasu. Heather akupanga tiyi wosangalatsa kwambiri, yomwe, mwa njira, imathandiza kwambiri: ndi matenda a m'mimba ndi enterocolitis, matenda a impso, ndi mantha amodzi monga mantha.
Mukudziwa? Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi heather zikuphatikizapo zida zotsatirazi: shuga, carotene, tar, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, quercetin, organic acids.Chifukwa cha zinthu zothandizazi, alimi ambiri akuganiza momwe angabzalitsire njuchi m'dera lawo.
Chomera ichi chikhoza kubzalidwa pakatikati ndi masika. Koma ndizotheka kuzichita masika. Choncho nthenga idzapereka mizu yabwino ndipo idzayambana bwino ndi chisanu. Pali njira zambiri zowonjezera heather: mbewu, mbande, kuika, kudula komanso kudula chitsamba.
Ndondomeko yovuta kwambiri komanso yayitali kuposa yonse, kukula kwa mbewu za nkhanambo
Amene akukonzekera kukula ndi nthanga ayenera kuganizira kuti kubereka kwake mwanjira imeneyi ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri ndipo imatenga nthawi yochuluka.
Mukudziwa? Mbande zopangidwa ndi kukula kwa heather kuchokera ku mbewu za kubzala yotseguka pansi zidzakhala zokonzeka kokha pambuyo pa 1.5-2 zaka.Kuti mubale mbewu za heather, muyenera bwino Konzani mbewu zokha. Kuti muchite izi, aikeni m'zakapu ting'onoting'ono kapena timapepala tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapanga 2-3 mm mkulu, moisten bwino ndikuphimba ndi zojambulazo.
Pafupifupi masabata 2-3 chiyambi cha mbewu chidzawonekera. Pambuyo pake, mbewu zowera zimabzalidwa mu chidebe chachikulu: mabokosi, trays, etc., ndi gawo lapadera. Asanayambe mphukira, mwezi udzatha, ndipo udzawona mphukira zazing'ono.
Ndikofunika kuteteza mphamvu ya kutentha kuti zisamangidwe bwino mkati mwa 18-20 ° C, komanso kuyang'anitsitsa chinyezi. Ayenera kukhala oyenera. Mukhoza kupanga mbande mlengalenga, kuti muwumitse mbande.
Kuyala mbande za heather
Njira ina yolima nyemba ndi kubzala nyemba ndi mbande. Ndizovuta kwambiri, chifukwa muyenera tinker ndi mbande: tulukani ndi kubweretsa mabokosi omwe ali pa tsambalo mu chipinda momwe kutentha kwa mpweya kuli 10-12 ºC.
Mukhoza kubzala mbande pamalo omasuka pokhapokha patapita zaka ziwiri. Kapena mungathe kugula mbande zokonzeka kale, ndipo muzingowalima bwino.
Ndikofunikira! Kukula nthenga kuchokera ku mbewu, simungathe kupulumutsa makhalidwe a "kholo", koma mukhoza kubweretsa mitundu yambiri yomwe mudzakondwere nayo.
Bzalani mbande kuti mtunda wa wina ndi mzake ndi 40-50 cm, pangani dzenje kukula nthawi ziwiri kuposa muzu. Kuika mzerewo kuyenera kukhala pazu wa khosi.
Dulani nyemba kuzungulira nyemba, kutsanulira ndi kuzungulira pansi peti, utuchi kapena timatabwa zabwino zamatabwa kuchokera ku singano. Kulipira mulingo kumafunika.
Ndipo ngati dothi limene mumabzala mbande, dongo, yonjezerani zitsime zamadzi.
Momwe mungalengeze kudula tsitsi
Ngati mukufunadi kudzala nthanga pa chiwembu, mungathe kuzigwiritsa ntchito mwanjira yomweyi kubereka ndi cuttings.
Mukudziwa? Nthenga yamtunduwu imayamba kuphuka 3-4 zaka mutabzala ndikupitirizabe kuchita zimenezi kufikira mutakwanitsa zaka 15. Kenaka nthenga zimauma.Pakuti izi ndi zokwanira kutenga nsonga za zomera. Heather akuphatikizira ndibwino kwambiri kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Tengani mphukira ku nthambi zazikulu za kuthengo, koma musadule maluwa.
Bzalani phesi lililonse mu mtsuko kapena mphika wosiyana. Konzani dothi: sakanizani peat ndi mchenga mu chiwerengero cha 3: 1. M'chipinda momwe mwakhazikika mu heath cuttings, kutentha kumakhala pa mlingo wa 15-18 ° С.
Sizingakhale zodabwitsa kudyetsa njira yothetsera urea kuti muthe kusintha ndondomeko ya rooting. Kuti muchite izi, tengani 1 g wa mankhwala pa lita imodzi ya madzi. Pambuyo pa wintering, mphukira idzatenga mizu yabwino, kotero kuti kumapeto kwa nyengo mudzatha kubzala mbeu pamtunda.
Momwe mungabzalitsire heath layering
Mwina iyi ndi njira yachibadwa kwambiri yoberekera nyemba komanso yosavuta. Simukusowa kudabwa ndi njira zina zowonjezera ndi chisamaliro chapadera. Kuyika chomera ichi kumawonjezeka paokha.
Pamene chitsamba chikukula, nthambi zazing'ono zimatsamira pansi ndipo zimadzika okha. Kumalo oterowo, mphukira zambiri zimapangidwa. M'kupita kwa nthawi, udzu wa mvula umapanga kuzungulira chitsamba chachikulu. Choncho, ngati simukukonzekera kuti nyanga ikule mwachangu, musalowetse tchire kuti ipange mipanda kapena mipanda ina.
Koma pakufunika kufulumizitsa njira yobereka yobwereza, ndiye kuti mutha kuwaza masamba okhwima ndi peat 1-2 masentimita pamwamba ndikugwirizanitsa ndi nthaka. Chaka chotsatira inu mukhala ndi mbande zokonzeka zomwe ziyenera kuzisiyanitsidwa ndi chomera cha amai ndikubzala pamalo omwe mukufuna.
Momwemo kubalana ndi dhizome division ndi njira yosavuta komanso yothandiza
Ngati mukufuna kutulutsa nthenga mofulumira, yesetsani kuchita izi pogawa magawo a rhizomes.
Pamene chilimwe chikufika pamapeto, kukumba mmera, zitsani muzu wa zitsamba zapadziko lapansi. Pogwiritsa ntchito ndondomeko, onetsetsani magawano kuti gawo lirilonse likhale ndi mphukira zazing'ono. Chotsani njira zakale, sizikufunikira. Ikani mbali iliyonse yopatulidwa mu dzenje kapena mphika.
Monga mukuonera, pali njira zambiri zobzala nthenga. Zonsezi ndi zothandiza ndipo zimatsimikizira zotsatira zapamwamba. Chomwe mungachigwiritse ntchito chiri kwa inu. Pambuyo pake, chomera chokongola kwambiri cha melliferous chidzakondweretsani inu kwa zaka, zaka zambiri pa chiwembu kapena mphika pawindo.
