Kukula kwamaluwa kunyumba kumafuna maluso ndi kudziwa. Akufunikira chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro. Orchid ndi duwa lomwe limamera pazomera zina. Izi zimachitika mwachilengedwe mu epiphytes. Popeza kuti izi zimatheka, kukulitsa nyumba si njira ya makolo. Zotsatirazi zikufotokozera momwe mungasamalire orchid kunyumba.
Malamulo Akusamalira Maluwa
Orchid, chisamaliro chanyumba chomwe chimasiyana ndi kusamalira maluwa ena apakhomo, ndizopatsa chidwi kwambiri. Choyambirira chomwe chimasiyanitsa ndi gawo lomwe limakuliramo. Ndikulimbikitsidwanso kuti mupereke chidwi kwambiri mumphika. Orchid mumphika ayenera kumasuka.
Orchid
Ndikosayenera kugwiritsa ntchito chidebe chadongo, popeza mizu yofiyayo ya orchid imakula ndikupanga makoma a poto, omwe pambuyo pake samasankha kubzala mbewuyo molondola.
Ngakhale mtundu wa mphika ndi wofunikira pakukula kwa mbeuyo. Akatswiri amalangizidwa kugula zotengera zazithunzi zowala, ngakhale zowonekera bwino. Izi ndichifukwa choti mtundu wakuda wa mphikawo umakopa kuwala kwa dzuwa, chifukwa chake, umawotchukanso, mizu ya duwa imavutika ndi izi.
Kutentha ndi chinyezi m'chipindacho
Kutentha kwakukulu kwa orchid ndi 16-23 ° C. Kutentha kwa 12 ° mpaka 15 ° C, mbewuyo imaphuka bwino kwambiri, koma mtundu wakewo sudzakhalitsa, mwachitsanzo, m'malo abwino. Chomera chimakonda chinyezi chachikulu, zomwe zimayambira pa 60 mpaka 70%.
Zofunika! Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti chinyezi sichitha kupitirira mulingo uno, chifukwa chinyezi chimakhudza orchid.
Kuthirira pafupipafupi
Kutsirira kuyenera kumwedwa mosamala. Orchid amakonda madzi ofunda, otetezedwa, kutentha kwake ndi 30-35 ° C. Kutsirira kumachitika mu poto. Njira yodziwika yofikira mu chinyezi ndikuyika mphika wamaluwa mumtsuko waukulu wamadzi kwa mphindi 20-30. Ino ndi yokwanira kuti mizu itenge chofunikira chinyezi.
Tcherani khutu! Kulumikizana kwa mizu ndi madzi kwanthawi yayitali kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa mizu. Kutsirira ikuchitika zosaposa 2 pa sabata. Mwakutero, chinyezi chimayenera kupatsidwanso gawo laling'ono lomwe orchidali louma lokwanira. Ndi chinyezi chabwino, kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kumachepetsedwa kumodzi, popeza mizu ya duwa imatenga bwino chinyezi kuchokera mumlengalenga.
Kamodzi miyezi ingapo, maluwawa amatha kukhala osamba. Kutentha kwake kwamadzi kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 40 ° C. Maluwa amawathiriridwa kwa mphindi zingapo ndikuthothoka kwamadzi kuchokera pakusamba, pambuyo pake duwa liyenera kuloledwa kuti liume. Pachimake maluwa okha ndi omwe ayenera kunyowa nthawi yomweyo.
Palibe chifukwa choti maluwa ayenera kuthiriridwa dzuwa. Komanso madzi sayenera kugwa m'maluwa okha.
Dothi
Gawo lapadera la ma orchid lingagulidwe m'masitolo kapena kudzipangira okha. Mizu ya orchid iyenera kulumikizana mwachindunji ndi mpweya. Nthawi zambiri, makungwa a payini amakonzedwa m'madzi otentha amagwiritsidwa ntchito gawo lapansi lopangidwa mwaokha.
Gwiritsani ntchito
Kenako imasakanikirana ndi moss wouma ndikuyiyika yaying'ono pamatayala okonzeka, okhala ndi thovu. Mizu ya Orchid imayikidwa bwino. Sayenera kuphwanyidwa ndi chilichonse. Finyani pamwamba ndi osakaniza ena onse.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Orchid modekha amatanthauza mitundu yonse ya mavalidwe. Pa duwa, zonse feteleza wapadera wa ma orchid ndi feteleza wofananira ndi mbewu zina zonse zamkati ndizoyenera.
Zofunika! Kuchuluka kwa mavalidwe owonjezeredwa ku orchid kuyenera kukhala hafu kuposa maluwa ena apakhomo.
Munthawi yogwira chomera, kuvala kumachitika kamodzi pa sabata, mutangothirira. Duwa lakale limafunikira feteleza kamodzi pamwezi.
Kuwala
Orchid amakonda kuwala. Komabe, iyenera kuperekedwa moyenera. Zomerazi ziyenera kusinthidwa kuti zisawombe dzuwa. Kunyumba, duwa limamverera bwino kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo kwazenera. Ngati maluwa amenewa alibe dzuwa lokwanira, ayenera kuthandizidwa ndimatumba. Kuzindikira kuti duwa lifunika kuwala ndikophweka.
Ndi kupanda kwake, masamba ayamba kutembenukira chikaso. Mwanjira iyi, zidzakhala zokwanira kuyika chomera pansi pa phytolamp chokhala ndi mphamvu ya 60 Watts ndikuthira ndi madzi ofunda m'mawa. Monga lamulo, nyali imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yophukira ndi nthawi yachisanu.
Komanso kusowa kwa kuwunikira kumachepetsa kupanga ma peduncle.
Kusamalira maluwa a orchid atagula
Maluwa okongola kwambiri am'nyumba amatchedwa Dendrobium Phalaenopsis. Imawonekera pakati pa mitundu ina mu mtundu wokulirapo komanso chitetezo chokwanira.
Kugawa chomera
Mtengo ukabwera kunyumba kuchokera kusitolo, uyenera kuyikidwa kwaokha. Zimatha pafupifupi masiku 14. Nthawi ino zithandiza kuzindikira matenda, ngati alipo, omwe amapezeka mu orchid, ndikuchotsa kuti mbewu zina zamkati sizinagwidwe.
Dendrobium Phalaenopsis
Tsiku lililonse amalimbikitsidwa kuti ayang'anenso thunthu ndi masamba a Phalaenopsis kuti pakhale ma cobwebs kapena tizilombo zovulaza.
Kuwala
Pa duwa lomwe mudangogula, muyenera kusankha malo omwe kuwala kwadzuwa kumwazikana pang'ono. Pansi pa dzuŵa mwachindunji, kuyika orchid kumakhala kosatheka mwapadera, chifukwa amatha kuyambitsa mizu ya mbewu kapena masamba. Pali malingaliro olakwika omwe kuwala kwadzuwa kowongolera kumathandizira kuzomera zam'madzi.
Zambiri! Phalaenopsis imathandizira kukula kwake kukhalapo kwa kupanikizika kwakanthawi, izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha zomwe zingayambitse. Mwachitsanzo, kwa kanthawi kochepa, ikani orchid mumthunzi.
Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa
Kuphatikiza chomera mu nthawi yokhazikika sikoyenera, chifukwa kumatha kupangitsa kukula kwa matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Kuthirira Phalaenopsis mkati mwa masiku 14 mutagula sikulimbikitsidwanso.
Kupangidwe kwa zochitika zopsinjika kotere kumapangitsa orchid kusinthana mwachangu ndi mikhalidwe yatsopano, komanso posachedwa kupanga ma peduncle.
Kumasulidwa kwa orchid
Pakatha masabata awiri, mutha kuyamba kumeza manyowa ndikuwadzaza maluwa ndi chinyezi. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika pang'onopang'ono kuti mbewuyo ikakhala bata m'malo atsopano.
Zikhalidwe Zosamutsa Orchid
Panthawi yogula, muyenera kuyang'anira dothi lomwe orchid amapezeka. Mwambiri, duwa sifunikira kumuika. Gawo liyenera kusinthidwa pokhapokha nkhungu ikapezeka mwa iye, kapena kuphatikizika kwa peat kulipo. Peat imapanga malo achinyezi momwe mizu yomera ikhoza kuthana ndi zowola. Sphagnum moss amasunga chinyontho bwino. Komabe, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu ang'onoang'ono popanga gawo lapansi la Phalaenopsis.
Zosankha zofalitsa Orchid
Pali njira zingapo zoberekera Phalaenopsis kunyumba. Zosankha zodziwika bwino za momwe mungafalitsire komanso momwe mungabyalare maluwa:
- Zodulidwa;
- Kumera kwa peduncle m'madzi;
- Budding;
- Yozika mizu
- Mbewu.
Tcherani khutu! Ndi njira zonsezi, muyenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso chochepa pakukula kwa ma orchid muthengo.
Kufalikira kwa zodula kumachitika motengera algorithm iyi:
- Kuchokera pamtengo, muyenera kudula masamba am'munsi. Masamba odulidwa nthawi yomweyo amaphera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi yofooka yankho la kaboni yoyambitsa.
- Pakapita kanthawi, mizu yaying'ono idzawonekera patsamba la magawo. Kudula kwatsopano kuyenera kuchitika motalikirana ndi 0,5 masentimita pansi pa mizu yomwe yatuluka. Malo odulawo amakonzedwa nthawi yomweyo.
- Dulani mapesi ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti libzalidwe pang'ono pang'ono. Kuthirira ndi kuvala zovala zapamwamba siziyenera kuphatikizidwa m'masiku ochepa mutabzala chomera chochepa.
- Pakatha miyezi 2-2,5, chomera chatsopano chimapangidwa kuchokera kuduladula.
Phula limadzala m'madzi ngati chomera chachikulu chawukira matendawa, ndipo sichimadzichotsera chokha kuti chithandizenso. Mtundu umadulidwa kuchokera ku maluwa oterowo. Tsinde liyenera kukhala osachepera 7 cm.Madzi oyendayenda amamizidwa m'madzi ofunda mpaka akuya masentimita 4-5.
Tcherani khutu! Mwanayo amalekanitsidwa ndi peduncle panthawi yomwe mizu yake imafika kutalika kwa 3-4 cm.
Piritsi limodzi la activated kapena makala limawonjezera madzi. Ngati mkati mwa masiku 4-5 impso siyitsegukira yokha, imatha kudzutsidwa podula khungu lakuda pamwamba. Malowo odulidwa, monga lamulo, amapaka mafuta ndi cytokinin mafuta.
Budding ikuchitika pa mbewu zomwe zaka sizipitirira 2 years. Impso iyenera kukondowezedwa. Kukondoweza kumachitika kumapeto kwa nthawi yachisanu. Pa izi, orchid amatembenukira ku kuwala kwa dzuwa kuti agwere pa impso. Panthawi imeneyi, mbewuyo imachepera kuthirira ndi feteleza.
Orchid kufalitsa njira
Mwana amalekanitsidwa ndi chomera cha mayi pamene kutalika kwa mizu yopangidwa kumapitirira 5 cm.
Njira yakulera ndi yophweka komanso yosavuta. Kuti muchite izi, chomera chachikulu chimachotsedwa mu thankiyo. Mizu yake imamasulidwa bwino ku gawo lapansi. Zitatha izi, ndi mpeni wosabala, ndikofunikira kugawa mpweya.
Pa mizu ikhale 2 pseudobulbs yopanga tumphuka. Zotsatira zake zimakhala m'miphika yosiyana. Kubowola kumachitika kunyumba, m'malo osinthika.
Zofunika! Zomera sizithirira madzi, koma zidapakidwa pamaso pa masamba enieni.
Mbewu
Kubelekedwa ndi njere kumawerengedwa kuti ndi njira yomwe imawononga nthawi yambiri, chifukwa ndizovuta kwambiri kuyiona ndi maliseche. Ngati kubereka kumachitika kunyumba, mbewu za orchid zimapukutidwa mosavomerezeka ndi mano.
Pambuyo pakucha (izi zimachitika pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi pambuyo pake) amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi bokosi. Komanso, mbewu izi zimayikidwa mu sing'anga wa michere. Itha kupangidwa modalira, ikhoza kugulidwa m'masitolo apadera.
Kufalikira kwa mbewu za maluwa
Zinthu zobzala zoterezi zimatha kumera m'mbale zothiriridwa galasi, zomwe zimatsekedwa mwamphamvu ndi lids. Pakadutsa miyezi ina 6 muli, mutha kumera masamba omwe atuluka. Amayikidwa ndi burashi yopyapyala komanso yofewa mumtundu wamatabwa ndi moss.
Mbeu izi zimabzalidwe mu gawo lapansi la mbeu zazikulu osati kale kuposa miyezi 4-5. Maluwa a mbewu izi sadzayamba kale kuposa zaka 5 pambuyo pake.
Momwe mungakulitsire Phalaenopsis kuchokera ku mbewu, ngakhale eni ake omwe ali ndi chomera sangadziwe nthawi zonse, ngakhale amadziwa okha momwe angayang'anire bwino maluwa.
