Aliyense wosamalira wamaluwa amadziwa kuti kudulira kwamtengo wapatali kwambiri komanso kwa panthawi yake kwamatcheri kumabala zipatso zambiri komanso thanzi. Koma mbewu iyi, poyerekeza ndi mtengo wa apulo ndi mitengo ina yazipatso, imafunikira chisamaliro chochuluka, popeza ndi thermophilic ndipo siyilekerera ngakhale chisanu chochepa kwambiri.
Mukufunika chepetsa
Kudulira kumafunikira kuti mupereke:
- kapangidwe koyenera korona;
- kuwongolera kukula;
- kukonzanso;
- kuchotsedwa kwa nthambi zouma;
- kukonza zipatso;
- kupewa matenda;
- chitetezo cha tizilombo.
Kuti mupange kudulira koyenera, ndikofunikira kuganizira nthawi ya maluwa ndi zipatso, komanso kuwona kusiyana pakati pa nthambi zobereka (maluwa) ndi nthambi za masamba (Kukula), kutuluka kwa mphukira zazing'ono kumachokera kumapeto. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kulipira mtundu wa mbewuyo, popeza kudulira kwamtengo ndi mitengo yamatchire kumachitidwa mosiyanasiyana.
Kusankha kwa Nyengo
Cherry imadulidwa mchaka pokhapokha ngati palibe choopsa cha chisanu usiku. Nthawi yoyenera kwambiri imakambidwa kukhala kuyamba kwa Marichi.
Mu yophukira, kudulira kwa mtengo wa zipatso kumachitika kokha kumapeto kwa nthawi ya zipatso. M'madera osiyanasiyana, nthawi yomwe masamba atha kumata masamba osiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza apo, nyengo iyenera kukhala yotentha komanso yowoneka bwino. Mapeto a nyengo yakukula akukhudzana ndi kutentha; kumwera, chomeracho chimabala zipatso zazitali kwambiri kuposa kumpoto.
M'nyengo yotentha, kudulira sikumachitika, kusiyapo milandu pamene mbewuyo yakhudzidwa ndi matendawa.
Zomwe zimadulira masika
Kudulira kwamasamba kumatengedwa kuti ndikofunikira pakupanga mbewu. Popeza mtengo wamtchire ndi thermophilic, nthambi zimafupikitsidwa atangotupira masamba. Kwa kudulira kwapamwamba kwambiri mu kasupe, muyenera kuchita njirayi ndi sitepe:
- Zida zikukonzekera: secateurs, lumo.
- Nthambi zomwe zimathandizira korona zimachotsedwa. Ndipo zomwe zimakula zimadulidwa pansi pa nthaka, zimasiya nthambi zomwe zimakhala zofanana pansi.
- Thunthu lamasulidwa ku nthambi zodwala ndi zachikale - amatulutsa michere ndi michere yonse pachomera, popanda phindu.
- Ngati mphukira ndi ochepera 30 cm, ndiye kuti sasuntha, nthambi zokha zomwe zimasokoneza chitukuko cha enawo zimachotsedwa. Chotsatira, muyenera kupukusa thunthu, kutalika kwake pamwamba pa chimango kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi masentimita makumi awiri.
Njirayi imachitidwa nthawi isanayambe kukula, apo ayi mbewuyo imadwala ndipo imachira kwakanthawi.
Nthawi yochulukirapo imakhala yodulira mitengo yamatcheri. M'chaka choyamba, mbewu imafupikitsidwa ndi theka la mita, mchaka chachiwiri, pafupifupi 25% ya nthambi zouma zimachotsedwa. Chitumbuwa chamtunduwu chimakhala ndi korona wowonda ndipo sichimabala zipatso, ndiye kuti muyenera kusiya nthambi za mafupa ndi kuzifupikitsa ndi masentimita 10 okha, mphukira zotsalazo zimadulidwa mpaka pansi.
Zomwe zimadulira chilimwe
Nthawi yakula, zowononga zonse zimayambira nthawi yayitali, choncho nthawi yotentha, kudulira mtengo wautchire ndikofunikira pokhapokha ngati pali matenda.
Amaloledwa kudula mphukira zosokoneza pang'ono, koma kuchotsedwa kwawo kungachitike pokhapokha ngati pali zizindikiro za matendawa. Nthaka zomwe zimakhudzidwa zimadulidwa nthawi yomweyo ndikuwotchedwa, pofuna kupewa kufalikira kwa matendawa kukhala athanzi.
Zambiri za kudulira kwa yophukira
Kudulira mtengo wautchire kugwa kumamupangitsa kuti azikonzekera nyengo yozizira mwachangu. Nthawi ikugwirizana ndi nyengo ya kuderali. Kummwera, nthambi zimachotsedwa mpaka Novembala, ndipo kumpoto (Siberia) - mpaka kumapeto kwa Seputembala.
Nthawi yomweyo, wamaluwa a novice ayenera kudziwa kuti kudulira kwa nthawi yophukira sikuyenera kuchitika pamitengo yaying'ono, chifukwa izi zimakwiyitsa kufooka kwawo. Zotsatira zake, yamatcheri satha nthawi yozizira.
Kudulira mitengo mu yophukira:
- Nthambi zonse zomwe zimasokoneza kukula kwa mphukira zina zimachotsedwa. Nthambi za mafupa zimasiyidwa (oyamba, akusunthira kutali ndi mtengo), omwe ali ndi udindo wopanga korona.
- Mphukira zofowoka sukhalabe wolimba, chifukwa tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muwachotse mu April.
- Kuwombera kwamphamvu kwambiri kumachepera kukula kwa mbali.
Zigawo zonse za zigawo zimaphimbidwa ndi chinthu chotsalira, chifukwa cholimba kwambiri. Pakudulira kwa chomera mu nthawi yophukira, munthu sayenera kuphonya nthawi pomwe kuyenda kwa madzi kumachepetsedwa ndipo kuzizira sikunafike. Ngati nthambi zodulirazo zikuuma, ndipo nthambi ziuma, mtengowo umatha kudwala.
Momwe angadulire?
Zomwe zimatulira zimasiyana malinga ndi zaka ndi mawonekedwe a chitumbuwa.
Kusiyana zaka
Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zolimidwa kwa mbewu zomwe zabyala kumene ndikupanga korona woyenera. Saplings sikukugwidwa ndi matenda, kudulira kuti muwononge nthambi zomwe zimayambukiridwa ndi matendawa sikothandiza.
Panthawi yobzala zipatso, nthambi zimadulidwa nthawi yomweyo, kusiya ma 5-6 okha mwamphamvu. Ndikofunikira kuti nthambi zakumanzere zizioneka mbali - izi zimathandizira kupanga korona wofalikira.
Pafupifupi nthambi ziwiri zazitali zimachotsedwa mbande zikafika zaka 2. Zitha kufupikitsidwa ndi lachitatu, kenako ndikudula mphukira, pansi. M'mitengo yokwanira masentimita makumi asanu ndi atatu, nthambi zimafupikitsidwa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito chida chokhala ndi tsamba lakuthwa.
Pakumera kwa mtengowo, kufera msanga ndi kukalamba mwachangu kwa chitumbuwa kumachitika, ndiye kuti nthambi zimalimidwa. Chifukwa chokonzanso nthawi zonse, mtengowo umasiya kudzikwaniritsa.
Mukamadulira mitengo yakale, ntchito yayikulu ndikuchotsa nthambi zodwala ndi zouma zomwe zimalepheretsa mapangidwe achichepere. Izi ndi zoyenera kuchita zomwe zingalepheretse matenda komanso kufa kwamatcheri. Mitengo ikakhalapo yolira mwamphamvu ndikutambasula nthambi, iyeneranso kuchotsedwa.
Kusiyana kwa maonekedwe
Mukadulira chomera, nthambi zomwe zimakhala pansi masentimita 70 pamwamba pa nthaka zimachotsedwa. Dulani pakona, kuti muchotsemo pakati. Chisoti chachifumucho chimapatsidwa mawonekedwe. Mphukira zatsopano zimafupikitsidwa pang'ono kuti mupeze nthambi zazing'ono ndi nthambi zina. Kutalika kwa mtengo woterowo kuyenera kukhala osachepera 3.5 metres.
Ngati mbewuyo ndi shrub, ndiye kuti iyenera kupukutidwa mosamala. Nthambi zomwe zili pansi pa korona pokhudzana ndi thunthu ndizotsika 40, kotero kuti m'tsogolo palibe zolakwa. Kudulira nthambi zomwe zimakonda kupikisanirana ndi thunthu lomweli zimathandiza kupanga mafupa olimba.
Kuchiritsa mtengo wa chitumbuwa ndi ntchito yovuta. Koma, ngati mumachita bwino kudulira mbewuyo masika ndi nthawi yophukira, mutha kupewa kukula kwa matenda osiyanasiyana, motero, safunikira chithandizo.
Chifukwa chodulira, mutha kukonza mtengo, kuyeretsa korona, kuwonjezera zipatso ndikuthana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana tizirombo.
