Duwa lotchedwa Venus slipper lidapeza dzina losadziwika chifukwa cha nthano yakale ya mulungu wamkazi wotchedwa Venus. Akuyenda Padziko Lapansi, adayiwala mwangozi nsapato zake kuthengo. Pakupita kwa nthawi, adasanduka maluwa okongola omwe amawonekeranso mosiyana ndi masamba ena.
Kufotokozera kwamaluwa a venus slipper
Venus slipper (Cypripedium Calceolus mu Chilatini) ndi masamba osatha. Imakhala ndi tsinde lalitali lokhala ndi zipatso zoziziritsa kukhosi, zomwe zimafikira kutalika kwa theka la mita, pomwe masamba obowoka amapezeka. Dzungu ndilofupikitsa ndi nthambi zambiri za mizu. Tsinde limakhala ndi mtundu wowoneka bwino wobiriwira, masamba ake ndiwobiliwira komanso yoyera ndi imvi.
Venus woterera
Zambiri! Venus slipper ndi a banja la Orchid, chifukwa chake maluwa ake amawala modabwitsa ndi uchi wokoma kapena fungo la vanilla.
Fungo lokoma la duwali limakopa tizilombo touluka.
Pa tsamba lirilonse limasiyidwa ndi masamba 30-30 cm, pamapeto pake limatulutsa maluwa amodzi kapena zingapo. Mitambo ya petals imakulungidwa pamodzi ndi manda mu chikwama cha mtundu, pomwe ma petals angapo amajambula burawo ndikuwoneka ngati zopindika pa nsapato.
Mtundu wa maluwa ndi osiyanasiyana: mumatha kupeza maonekedwe achikaso owoneka ofiira, ofiira, ofiirira, ofiira, oyera kapena oyera. Pa pamakhala, mumatha kuwona mikwingwirima kapena zidutswa za mthunzi wowala.
Malo owongoka otchedwa
Zambiri zosangalatsa za nsapato za Venus
Nthano zambiri zodabwitsa ndizolumikizana ndi chiyambi cha duwa. M'gawo lililonse la kukula (ndipo pali angapo a iwo mu mtundu wa orchid - Europe, Siberia, South Asia, North America), pali mawonekedwe akuwonekera kwa mbewuyi Padziko Lapansi ndi mayina ake angapo.
Mwachitsanzo, mutha kupeza mayina ngati awa:
- azimayi oterera;
- nsapato za Namwali;
- nsapato za cuckoo;
- Mutu wa Adamu.
Tcherani khutu! Tsopano orchid poterera adalembedwa mu Buku Lofiyira, popeza kuchuluka kwa mbewu kukucheperachepera. Izi ndichifukwa cha nthawi yayitali yophukira, zaka zopitilira 10 zimatha kudutsa mbewu italowa mu dothi ndikuyenda chomera chatsopano.
Mitundu yambiri yamaluwa okongola awa imatha kuwonekera m'malo zachilengedwe.
Zina zosangalatsa pankhani ya duwa:
- m'mbewu za nsapato zakunyumba mulibe zinthu zina, chifukwa sizingamere zokha. Kukula kwawo kumayamba pokhazikika ndi fungha hyphae yomwe imalowa mu mbewu ndikuyambitsa makulidwe mkati mwake;
- pakatha zaka 3-4 kuchokera ku vuto la typiosis, mbewu imamera mu dothi. M'chaka chachinayi mphukira zoyambirira zimawonekera;
- kwa nyama ndi mbalame, msuzi wazomera ungakhale woopsa, koma anthu amawugwiritsa ntchito ngati mankhwala.
Zambiri! Kufotokozera kwa mtundu wachilengedwe Paphiopedilum, wophatikiza mitundu yoposa 50, adapangidwa ndi wasayansi wotchuka wazomera K. Linney m'zaka za zana la 18.
Mitundu yayikulu ndi mitundu yazomera
Sikuti mitundu yonse ya nsapato zovomerezeka zomwe zimapezeka komanso kufotokozedwa zaka mazana zapitazo zimatha kupezeka masiku ano. Ambiri aiwo adataika, koma ena adalimidwa bwino ndipo tsopano ndiwofikira kunyumba.
Nthawi zambiri amapezeka zonse zachilengedwe komanso zamitundu yosiyanasiyana:
Panopa
Malo oterera a Venus, otchedwa zenizeni, amatha kupezeka m'nkhalango ndi m'madambo kapena m'mabedi a maluwa a adotolo. Amakhulupirira kuti timadziti tamadzichi titha kuchiritsa matenda amisala ambiri, migraines. Mutha kusiyanitsa mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wa duwa - mtanga wowala wachikaso wokhala ndi miyala ya bulauni yakuda.
Real Venus poterera
Paphiopedilum maudiae
Chimodzi mwazodziwika zodziwika bwino kwambiri pakati pa olima. Chipale chofewa chimakhala chokhala ndi duwa limodzi lalikulu komanso masamba oyera obiriwira. Mtundu wa nsapato ya Maudi ndiwobiriwira bwino ndi zoyera, mutha kuwona timabowo mkati mwa bud ndi mitsempha yopepuka pamasamba.
Tcherani khutu! Wophatikiza wofanana ndi buduwa lowoneka bwino ndi Paphiopedilum American.
Paphiopedilum Maudi ali ndi khungu labwinobwino loyera
Paphiopedilum Delenatii
Chomera chomwe chili ndi masamba obiriwira opindika, chimafalikira mpaka 40 cm, kumapeto kwake komwe kumakhala maluwa ambiri. Mitambo yojambulidwa ndi utoto wamkaka, nsapatoyo imakhala yofiirira ndi milomo yakuda kapena milomo yofiirira. Pamaluwa, Paphiopedilum Delenati orchid amatulutsa fungo lokoma.
Nsapato Delenati ili ndi mtundu wofowoka kwambiri
Zachikulu zazikulu
Nsapato zamtunduwu zimatchedwa moyenerera izi, chifukwa maluwa ake amatha kutalika mpaka masentimita 10. Mtundu wawo, kutengera mitundu, umasiyana kuchokera ku pinki kupita pamtambo wakuda, komanso yoyera. Pa peduncle yayifupi, maluwa amodzi okha - maluwa owala pakati pa masamba obiriwira amizere yobiriwira.
"Nsapato" zazikuluzikulu zazikulu zimawoneka zowala kwambiri kutengera zakumera kwa nkhalango zobiriwira
Paphiopedilum rothschildianum
Mtundu wina waukulu wamaluwa otumphuka, maluwa omwe amatuluka masentimita 30-45. Mpaka ma inflorescence anayi amatha kutulutsa pachimodzimodzi kamodzi. Mtundu wawo umasiyanasiyana kuchokera ku chikasu chobiriwira kupita ku zonona, pamatchulidwe apamwamba pamakhala mikwingwirima yowala, otsikirako amakutidwa ndi chowoneka chofiirira chikaso.
Mtundu wosangalatsa wa maluwa umaperekedwa ndi miyala yanthambo yozungulira yozungulira, yotambasulidwa ngati mapiko a tizilombo tosiyanasiyana.
Tcherani khutu! Tizilombo totchedwa Rothschild ndi chomera chachilendo kwambiri chomwe chimayamba pachimake patatha zaka 15 zokha. Ndizosatheka kugula mundawo wapanyumba, pokhapokha popanda ndalama zambiri.
Zosangalatsa Paphiopedilum Rothschild
Gulu la Paphiopedilum limaphatikizapo mitundu yambiri yambiri, hybrids ndi mitundu. Tekinoloje zapamwamba zalola kuti zibweretse zosasamalika kwambiri pantchito zosamalira pakhomo ndipo zimakonda maluwa. Amatha kupezeka m'masamba ogulitsa maluwa. Kuthengo, sungathe kukumba chotsitsa kuchokera mu venus, sizololedwa.
Paphiopedilum: chisamaliro chakunyumba
Maluwa otchedwa orchid, malinga ndi kubzala bwino ndi chisamaliro, atha kulimidwa kunyumba. Ngati mukufuna kudzala chomera mu nthaka, ndiye kuti imeneyi ndi malo oyenera. Pankhani ya dimba la maluwa lanyumba, nkoyenera kusankha poto kapena maluwa ambiri, popeza mizu ya Paphiopedilums ndi yopingasa.
Kusamalira bwino maluwa aliwonse maluwa nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo chithandizo chazomera pafupipafupi komanso kupewa matenda. Koma venus slipper sichitha kugwidwa ndi matenda a mbewu wamba, ndipo amafunika kutetezedwa kokha kuchokera ku kangaude (kukhalapo komwe kumatsimikiziridwa ndi chisamaliro wamba chamaluwa).
Mikhalidwe yofunika pakukula kwa nsapato ya venus:
- kuyatsa. Maluwa awa ndi achikondi. Dzuwa lolunjika liyenera kupewedwa ngakhale nthawi yozizira. Ngati maluwa akukhala m'chipindacho, akhoza kukhazikitsidwa kumbuyo kwa chipindacho, kutali ndi zenera, kumayang'aniridwa ndi kuyatsa kwamayunifolomu. Kwa bedi lamaluwa mumsewu, malo omwe ali pansi pa mtengo wophuka kapena mumthunzi wanyumba nthawi zonse ndi oyenera;
- kutentha ndi chinyezi. Ulamuliro wa kutentha kwa chilengedwe kwa kukula kwa venus slipper mu nthawi yayikulu ndi 18-25 ° C, m'nyengo yozizira - osachepera 10 ° C, m'chilimwe - osapitirira 33 ° C. Pankhaniyi, mpweya uyenera kukhala wonyowa kwambiri, ndiko kuti, kupopera maluwa nthawi zonse kumalimbikitsidwa, makamaka nyengo yotentha;
- kuthirira. Gawo (kapena dothi) lisamere konse, kuthirira mbewu kumakhala kofunika makamaka m'chilimwe. Ndi bwino kuteteza madzi kuti azitha kutentha. Chinyezi sichigwera pamunsi pa tsinde, apo ayi chizivunda;
- dothi komanso kuvala pamwamba. Njira yabwino pa maluwa a orchid ingakhale gawo lapansi, momwe mabango, zidutswa za khungwa, makala adaziwonjezera. Zambiri zazikulu ziyenera kukhala pansi pa thankiyo kapena dzenje, gawo laling'ono - pamwambapa. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika nthawi zonse kupatula nyengo yozizira kamodzi milungu iwiri iliyonse ndi feteleza wachilengedwe wachilengedwe.
Zofunika! Kuchepa kwamasamba ovala nsapato zowonera nthawi zambiri kumawonetsa kuti kuunikirako kumakhala kwakukulu, ndipo kuyenera kuzimiririka.
Osamaika nsapato ya venus pawindo
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti m'munda ndi mchipinda, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma orchid imatha kumva zosiyana. Palinso maluwa ena okonda kutentha omwe sadzaphukira mumsewu, koma palinso ena omwe amalimbana ndi nyengo. Kwa dimba, ndikofunikira kusankha mitundu yamtundu wa venus omwe mwachilengedwe amamera m'deralo lobzala.
Pofuna kuzizira nthawi yachisanu, ndikofunikira kuphimba malo omwe akutsikira nsapato za veneer ndi udzu wouma kapena zidutswa za polystyrene kapena zinthu zina zotentha. Pankhaniyi, munthu sayenera kuloleza chomera champhamvu pamimba.
Kutumphuka kwa Venus kumayenda bwino ndi maluwa ena adimba
Maluwa a venus oterera
Duwa, lotchedwa venus slipper, limakhala ndi nthawi yayitali maluwa: kuyambira miyezi ingapo kufikira chaka chonse, kutengera mitundu. Kuonetsetsa kuti maluwa akutuluka komanso kutulutsa maluwa kunyumba, ndikofunikira kuwunika mfundo zingapo zofunika.
Paphiopedilum orchid limamasula patapita nthawi yayitali. Choyamba, peduncle imawonekera kuchokera pakatikati pa rosette, kenako maluwa amodzi (osafafaniza patatha miyezi 2-4) kapena maluwa angapo mosasintha (mkati mwa miyezi 6-7) amatulutsa. Mmodzi mwa pedicel amatha kupatsa maluwa kamodzi kokha, motero amazidulira kumapeto kwa nthawi ya maluwa.
Momwe mungayendetsere peduncle
Pa nthawi ya matalala, kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Novembala, chomeracho chimasungidwa pa kutentha kosaposa 15 ° C. Poterepa, gawo lapansi limangopanidwa ndimadzi ofunda, kudyetsa sikuchitidwa. Njirayi ndiyofunika kwambiri kwa nsapato zokhala ndi masamba owala, chifukwa kubisala mosayenera kungapangitse kuti duwa lisaphuke. Nthawi yokhala chete imatha pomwe peduncle ikuwonekera.
Zofunika! Mitundu ina ya nsapato zovomerezeka imayenera kupatsa kutentha kwa usiku kwa 10-15 ° C. Orchidaceae akupeza bwino mphamvu yolimba ndendende chifukwa cha kusinthasintha pang'ono kwa kutentha kwa mpweya, ndipo inflorescence pamenepa imatha kutulutsa kale.
Zosankha za Paphiopedilum
Mwachilengedwe, orchid poterera imagwiritsa ntchito mbeu. Zimacha maluwa kumapeto kwa chilimwe ndipo zili ngati mungu pang'ono. Ngakhale alipo ambiri, ndi gawo lokhalo lomwe lingafike m'nthaka ndikukhalamo, ena onse amangofalikira m'mphepo.
Zitha kupitilira chaka chimodzi kuchokera pomwe zimalowa m'nthaka kuti zimere. Ndipo chifukwa chake, m'nyumba ndi m'munda, nsapato za venus zimafalitsidwa ndikugawa chitsamba.
Kufalitsa kwa ma orchid pogwiritsa ntchito magawidwe ake a nthambidwe
Mfundo za kubereka kwa duwa padera:
- nsapatoyo ikhale pansi atapangidwa ambiri;
- mphika uliwonse uzikhala ndi masamba atatu osachepera atatu;
- nthawi yabwino njirayi ndi chiyambi cha nthawi yopuma;
- gawo la nthambizo lolekanitsidwa libzalidwa osaya m'nthaka, owazidwa ndi nthaka;
- ndikofunika kuti chiwerengero cha impso za mwana wamkazi chikhalebe pamatope;
- kubzala kuyenera kuchitidwa moyenera momwe mungathere, chifukwa kuwonongeka kwa nthiti ndi mbali zina za chomera kungapangitse kukula kwa zowola ndi kufa kwake;
- gawo lobzalalo limakonzekera maluwa nthawi yachisanu ikatha, ikatha kukula peduncle yatsopano.
Tcherani khutu! Pogwiritsa ntchito nsapato za venus nsapato, mitundu yonse ya chomera chatsopanochi imasungidwa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kutulutsa mitundu yamaluwa ya maluwa pafupifupi kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri zilizonse. Izi zimachitidwanso kunja kwa nthawi ya maluwa.
Kupanga mtundu wa nsapato za venus m'nyumba kapena m'munda si ntchito yovuta, koma ndiyotheka kwa katswiri waz maluwa. Ntchito yayikulu ndikupanga malo pafupi kwambiri ndi malo achilengedwe obzala. Ndipo chisamaliro chapanthawi yake komanso chokhoza kuthandizira kukwaniritsa maluwa okhazikika kwa nsapato za venus.
