Amwenyewa a m'madera otentha a Latin America ndi subtropics omwe amawoneka ngati mtima amawonekera pamtunda chikhalidwe chawo - ndipo, monga amakhulupirira, potero amakhala ndi moyo wathanzi, wokondwa ndi wolemera kwa amuna oyandikana nawo.
Dzina lachibadwa Anthurium - chigawo cha mawu achigriki "maluwa" ndi "mchira". Inde, pafupifupi pafupifupi mazana asanu ndi anayi a mtundu uwu, duwa lokha limapangidwa ngati mchira - woyera kapena mdima, kapena wachikuda, wowongoka, wokhota, kapena wokhotakhota mwauzimu.
Ndizo spikelet inflorescence ali ndi zambiri kapena zochepa bulangeti la pepala mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mithunzi - yofiira, yoyera, yobiriwira, yalanje, yofiirira.
Kusuta, wotengeka ndi anthurium maluwa, sichimasintha kwenikweni: kuchoka kuzinthu zowonongeka kwambiri, kuchokera ku zonunkhira ndi zonunkhira - zonse zimadalira kuti tizilombo ta mungu timene timakonda kwambiri pamene pali mtundu wina wa anthurium umakula.
Mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi chikhalidwe cha chipinda Nthawi zambiri amakula bwino kwambiri akufalikira mu zingwe zoyera-pinki Anthurium Andre ndi Anthurium Scherzer (kuphatikizapo mitundu yawo yambiri yowakanizidwa), komanso kukongoletsera masamba Crystal Anthurium ndi maluwa ofunika kwambiri omwe ali ndi fungo lokhazika mtima pansi.
Madzi a Anthurium ndi owopsa. ndi kugwira nawo ntchito ayenera kusamala.
Kodi mungapange bwanji pachimake cha Anthurium?
Malo anthuriums angathe imatha kupuntha kuyambira February mpaka Novemberndikoti, pafupifupi chaka chonse, kuima pokhapokha m'miyezi yozizira kwambiri ndi yozizira kwambiri; pambali pake, maluwa awo amakhala osasunthika mudulidwe ndipo amakhala osasintha kwa milungu inayi.
Kuti izi zitheke, zomera izi zimafuna zinthu zoyenera, kutsata zomwe zimafuna kukhala ndi chidziwitso chochuluka ndi chidziwitso.
Vuto lalikulu ndi kupeza zoterozo kuchepetsa kuwala, kutentha, nthaka ndi chinyezi, zomwe zimakumbutsa anthurium mbadwa zam'mapiri a highland ndipo iwo, mwina, amavomereza kuti azikhala ndikuchulukana m'nyumba yanu.
Kupanga microclimate yoyenera kuphatikizapo chitetezo Kuunikira - kowala, koma kufalikira; kwa nthawi yaitali chaka chonse.
Mavuto otentha
Chilimwe kutentha kumayenera kusungidwa 20-25 madigiri, nyengo yozizira - panthawiyi 16-18 madigiri.
Kutentha kwa dothi sikuyenera kukhala kocheperapo kuposa kutentha kwa mpweya, chifukwa chake amamera amabzalidwa. muzitsulo zamapulasitiki. Zida zimenezi siziyenera kukhala zakuya - koma sizing'ono kwambiri, mwinamwake mizu ndi ana adzakula, osati maluwa.
Mlengalenga ndi nthaka
Mpweya umadzaza ndi nthunzi yamadzi, ayenera kukhala atsopano - koma opanda ma drafts.
Nthaka imanyowa - koma osati yonyowa.
Kupaka pamwamba zowonjezera - koma njira zothirira feteleza siziyenera kukhazikika kwambiri.
Kugwirizana ndi zonsezi "ngati" ndi "koma" - chikhalidwe chachikulu cha kuphulika mosalekeza "mwamuna wachimwemwe".
Ndipo potsiriza, menrium yanu yafalikira - koma ili molawirira kwambiri kuti ikhale bata. Patapita kanthawi, zofiira zofiira zofiira zimatembenuka zobiriwira, kapena mitundu yofiira ya pinki imakhala yoyera, kutaya mtundu. Izi ndizodabwitsa, choncho zomera izi zidzatha - ndi Maluwa osatuluka amafunika kuchotsedwa.
Zimakhalanso kuti mwapeza mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana ndi maluwa akuluakulu ambiri - koma kunyumba mwinamwake kuonda, kuphwanya ndi kupanga atsopano inflorescences mosakayika.
Izi zikhoza kuchitika chifukwa chakuti kulima malonda a anthuriums mu greenhouses, gibberellins, phytohormones, zomwe zimachulukitsa kukula ndi kukula kwa mbali zonse za chomera, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza malingaliro.
Mmene mungasamalire maluwa pachimake Mwamuna akusangalala?
Popanda kukondweretsa nthawi zonse, pang'onopang'ono timakhala tomwe timakhalapo, ndipo ngati tizisamaliridwa bwino, idzaphuka kachiwiri - ngakhale osati mowala komanso mochuluka.
Kodi n'zotheka kubzala Anthurium panthawi yamaluwa?
Panthawi imeneyi muyenera chakudya zomera: biweekly, zovuta zowonjezera feteleza. Mukhoza kusintha pakati pa mavitamini ndi mavitamini, koma mulimonsemo, njira zothetsera vutoli ziyenera kukhala zofooka kusiyana ndi momwe zilili.
Anthuriums ndi mitundu, yokwanira zovuta mu chikhalidwe cha chipinda. Nthawi zina zomera izi zimapangidwa "chophwanyika" - malo opangira galasi, zomwe zimapanga mlengalenga, kutentha, kutentha, kutentha mpweya ndi madzi. Anthuriums amakula mu njira ya hydroponic.
Komabe, "Otopiki" awa akhoza kukula mosavuta popanda malo osungirako apadera ndi zidule.
Zoona, pali zosokoneza mu maluwa: zofiira zofiira zinatembenuka mobiriwira, mumachotsa maluwa - ndipo maluwa atsopano sapanga, ngakhale kuti mbewuyo ili kutali kwambiri ndi nyengo yozizira ndipo ena onse, akuwoneka ndi mawonekedwe, zomera zimamva bwino.
Nthawi zina sizimasintha mtundu wamakono kapena anthu omwe amawamasulira anthurium amakula, koma samasamba.
Mavuto onsewa ali ndi zifukwa zawo, zomwe zingathetsedwe.
Ngati mukudikirira - musayembekezere kuti nyembazo zimakula kuchokera ku mbewu, kumbukirani:
Ngati inu, monga momwe ziyenera kukhalira, pakati pa maluwa, ndipo osati panthawiyi, mwaphatikize anthurium mu chidebe chatsopano, chofutukuka - chikhoza kukhala chachikulu kwambiri ndipo maluwa sadzayamba mpaka chidebecho chidzaza mizu ndi ana. Pakuti maluwa amafunika mphika wawung'ono. Zambiri zokhudzana ndi kubzala ndi kubzala anthurium zitha kupezeka pano.
N'chifukwa chiyani Anthurium samasamba pakhomo?
Onani ngati zonse zinthu zosamalira bwino anati:
- Nthaka - ziyenera kukhala zoyenera kwa epiphytes - zomera ndi mizu ya mpweya: lotayirira, fibrous, chinyezi ndi mpweya wabwino, wotenthedwa bwino, makamaka - nthaka yapadera ya orchids.
- Kuthirira - imapereka mkhalidwe wosalekeza, koma wosakhala wouma kwambiri wa nthaka. Madziwo ndi ofewa, zomwe zimachokera nthawi yomweyo zimatsanulidwa pamtunda.
- Kutentha kwa mpweya - kwambiri kuwonjezeka: wet sphagnum akhoza kuwonjezeredwa kwa kawirikawiri kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa pamphuno. Mizu ya m'mlengalenga imaphatikizapo moss uyu.
- Kupaka pamwamba - kawiri pamwezi, kuchepetsedwa ndi yankho la feteleza zovuta.
- Kutentha - m'nyengo ya maluwa sifupi ndi madigiri 22 (kumayambitsa kukula kwa masamba), m'nyengo yozizira - kuyambira 16 mpaka 18 madigiri (kumayambitsa masamba a masamba).
- Kuunikira - Kuwala ndi kufalikira panthawi imodzimodzi: kumadzulo kapena kumadzulo kwawindo, kutuluka kwa dzuwa ndi tsiku lalifupi.
Ngati zinthu zonsezi zilipo, anthurium sali aang'ono kwambiri, osati otanganidwa kukula mizu ndi mapangidwe a ana - ndipo samasintha, mukhoza kuyesa kupititsa patsogolo.
Kuti izi zitheke, mbewuyo imathiriridwa mu kasupe ndi madzi ofewa ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 40-50.
Kamodzi pa sabata kutsanulira madzi otenthedwa mpaka madigiri 60 mu poto ndikuzisiya izo mpaka zitakwera pansi, kenako zitatha. Mlengalenga wa nthunzi yotentha imathandiza anthurium kumadzutsa moyo wamphumphu.
Maluwa ochulukirapo, ozolowereka, osasangalatsa amatha kuganiziridwa kuti apambana mosamalitsa kafukufuku wa maluwa okhwimitsa, komanso chimwemwe, chomwe nthawi yomweyo chiyenera kubisa amuna onse am'nyumba, mwachiwonekere sichitha kufotokozedwa.
Chithunzi
Kenaka mudzawona chithunzi cha Anthurium chikukula:
- Mitundu ya Anthurium:
- Anthurium Scherzer
- Anthurium Crystal
- Anthurium Andre
- Malangizo Othandizira:
- Chilichonse chokhudza Anthurium
- Kubzala ndi kuika Anthurium
- Anthurium
- Anthurium Matenda
