Pasternak ndi masamba, osati zokoma zokha, komanso zothandiza kwambiri. Komabe, kulima kwake pa bedi lapakhomo kumakhala kosavuta, kopanda zomwe sizingatheke kupeza zipatso zazikulu. Ziri za maonekedwe oterowo polima parsnips, ndipo tikufotokozera pansipa.
Kubzala parsnips kwa mbande
Zodziwika bwino za kukula kwa parsnip m'dzikoli zimadalira kwambiri masamba monga nyengo yowonjezera. Ngati pakatikati, kumene Ukraine ilipo, ndikumayambiriro kwambiri kuti mubzalitse mbewu zake poyera, ndi kugwa mudzasonkhanitsa mizu yaying'ono yomwe inangokhala ndi nthawi yopanga chifukwa cha nyengo yozizira imene siidatha. Pa chifukwa ichi, chomerachi chimalimbikitsidwa kufesa poyamba pa mbande, zomwe kumapeto kwa kasupe zingabzalidwe pa mabedi popanda mavuto.
Chifukwa china chomwe chimalimbikitsidwa kufesa parsnips kwa mbande ndi kumera kwa mbewu, komwe kumakhala kochepa kwambiri. Chotsatira chake, kubzala sikusowa, ndipo zokolola sizikondwera ndi ochuluka.
Komabe Mukamafesa mbewu kuti mukhale ndi mbande, muyenera kukumbukira kuti zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuzizira ndipo zimatha kufa ngakhale pang'ono ndi mizu. Choncho, musanayambe kufesa mbewu, ndi bwino kukonzekera miphika yotsalira pa mbeu iliyonse.
Ndikofunikira! Miphika ya peat ndi yabwino yofesa mbande pa mbande, zomwe zingakumbidwe m'munda wamaluwa. Kuwonjezera apo, masambawa amayankha bwino kwambiri poti feteleza, zomwe zingakuthandizeni "kupha mbalame ziwiri ndi mwala umodzi".
Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji mbeu musanadzalemo?
Monga taonera kale, mbeu za parsnip zimamera bwino, choncho amafunika kukonzekera mwapadera musanafese, zomwe zingatheke m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Njira yosavuta ndiyokuthira mbewu m'madzi ofunda kwa tsiku, pomwe nthawi zonse amasintha madzi kuti ikhale yotentha nthawi zonse. Pambuyo pake, mbeu zotupa ziyenera kukhala bwino Kupanga mankhwala ndi zowonjezera, zomwe ndizo mankhwala abwino:
- "Appin";
- "Heteroauxin";
- "Cycron".
Mukhozanso kuthira mbewuzo mu njira yothetsera phulusa (20 g wa phulusa pa 1 l madzi). Kuwasunga iwo ayenera kukhala mkati mwa maola 48, pambuyo pake muyenera kutsuka mbewu ndi madzi ofunda, kuuma pang'ono ndikupitiriza kubzala. Pambuyo pofesa, mbande zikhoza kuwonekera pa tsiku la 10-12, ngakhale kuti sizingakhale zachilendo kwa parsnip ngati zikuwoneka pa tsiku la 18.
Parsnip Ground
Agronomy ya kulima parsnip kumafuna kugwiritsa ntchito peat, loamy kapena kuponyera nthaka kwa mbeu (ndipo ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito osakaniza a iwo). Koma kunyumba, njira yosavuta yopangira nthaka kusakaniza yokonzedwa pamsana wa peat ndipo ili bwino. Ngati mukukonzekera dothi la parsnip nokha, musaiwale kuti muzisese musanafese mbewu kudzera mu sieve. Ndikofunika kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, yomwe mungathe kuigwira pamoto kapena kuikamo mu uvuni.
Kufesa Mbewu za Parsnip
Chinthu choyamba muyenera kudziwa kuti ndi nthawi iti yofesa parsnip pa mbande. Njira yabwino imalingaliridwa kumapeto kwa March, komabe, mutangoyamba kupanga mbewu, bwino mbeu idzapangidwe musanaikidwe pansi. Ngati mubzala nyemba kumapeto kwa March, ndiye pofika pakati pa mwezi wa May, mbewuzo ziyenera kubzala. 
Nthaka yokonzedweratu imathiridwa miphika ndipo yaying'ono pang'ono, imasiya pafupifupi masentimita 1 mpaka pamphepete mwa mphika. Pambuyo pake, imathiriridwa, ndipo mbeu 2-3 zimayikidwa mu mphika uliwonse, zomwe zimakhalabe ndi dothi. Pofuna kuthamanga mbande, zimalimbikitsidwa kuyimitsa zojambulazo, koma m'pofunika kuwomba tsiku ndi tsiku, kuchotsa pogona kwa mphindi 7-10. Popeza parsnip imakhala yosalekerera, zimbudzi siziyenera kutenthedwa, ngakhale kuti dzuwa ndilololedwa kwa parsnip, makamaka pamene mphukira zoyamba zimayamba kuoneka pamiphika.
Kusamalira mmera
Pasternak- masamba omwe amadziwika ndi zosavuta kubzala ndi kusamalira, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mbande zake. Kusamalira mbande za parsnip kumaphatikizapo zitatu zokhazololedwa:
- Kuunikira kwina, ngati nthawi ya tsiku sichidutsa maola 14 (poonetsa kuti nkofunika kugwiritsa ntchito nyali zapadera za zomera);
- kuthirira;
- Osataya chinyezi mu miphika ndi mbande (kuteteza izi, onetsetsani kuti mumapanga mabowo mumiphika kapena, musanafese njere, muikepo udothi pansi).
Kubzala mbande za parsnip pamalo otseguka
Ntchitoyi ndi yofunika kwambiri, chifukwa ngati mutatsatira malamulo omwe ali pansipa, mumayesa kuwononga mbewu, zomwe zimafa ndipo sizidzakolola.
Nthawi yobzala mbande
Nthawi yobzala mbande za parsnip zimadalira kwambiri dera lanu komanso nyengo. Ngati dothi lomwe lili pamabedi silingathe kufika ku 4˚С, ndizotheka kuchepetsa kubzala kwa nthawi yaitali, ngakhale kuti kawirikawiri imachitidwa mu theka lachiwiri la mwezi wa May, pamene mbewu zatha masiku 28-30. Pa nthawi yomweyi, nthawi yobzala parsnip m'chaka chiri bwino kuti asamangidwe kwambiri, chifukwa kumapeto kwa kubzala mbewu simudzakhala ndi nthawi yopanga mizu yayikulu.
Ndikofunikira! Pafupifupi masiku khumi kuti mbeu za parsnip zisabzalidwe m'munda, ziyenera kutengedwa nthawi yayitali pamsewu. Izi zidzamuthandiza kuti azitha kumangika bwino komanso kusamalitsa.
Kusankha malo okhala
Pasternak imakula bwino pamabedi ndi dothi lotayirira, lomwe liyenera kukhala ndi peat ambiri. Ngati nthaka yayamba, simungabzalitse parsnips mmenemo, kapena muyenera kukhala ndi laimu yabwino musanadzalemo.
Bedi lokha liyenera kukhala pamalo a dzuwa, ngakhale penumbra silingathe kukuletsani inu kukolola. Mulimonsemo simukusankhira mabedi a parsnip, omwe adakula:
- karoti;
- parsley;
- parsnip;
- udzu winawake.
Ndi bwino kukula parsnip kuthengo, pamabedi atatha anyezi, beets, kabichi ndi mbatata. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, ndibwino kuti manyowa asamalidwe musanadzale Parsnip kuyambira nthawi ya autumn, kotero kuti patsiku mchere wonse udzasungunuka bwino mu nthaka ndikupezekanso ndi zomera. M'chaka, nkofunikanso kukumba bedi ndikuchotsa namsongole, ndikupanga mitsinje ya pansi pa zomera.
Kubzala mbande m'munda
Pasternak sakonda kwambiri kuwonjezeka kwa malo okhala pansi, choncho chifukwa chofika pamtunda ndikofunikira kukonzekera ming'oma pamtunda wa masentimita 10-12. Pa nthawi yomweyi, mtunda wa pakati pa mizere ya zomera uyenera kukhala wofanana ndi masentimita 40 (timakonza mapenje m'malo mwake, chifukwa mbewuzo zidzaikidwa pamodzi ndi mapeyala). Pambuyo pa kuziyika, nthaka yozungulira mphika imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuthirira.
Ngati mwafesa mbande m'miphika ya pulasitiki, ndiye kuti mukubzala bwino ndibwino kuti muzidula komanso mutenge parsnip pamodzi ndi clod ya padziko lapansi (ngati ndiduladula, tsanulirani chomera chochuluka kwambiri kuti chophimba pamodzi ndi nyemba chichoke mumphika). Yesetsani kuti musamawononge mbewu, chifukwa sizingatheke pamalo atsopano.
Malangizo othandizira athandizi a parsnip
Pasternak imafuna chisamaliro panja, chomwe chimakhala ndi zosavuta zambiri. - kuchotsa namsongole, kumasula nthawi zonse nthaka (zomwe mungachite mutatha chinyezi m'munda), kuthirira ndi kudyetsa. Komabe, m'nkhani izi mmerawo uli ndi zosowa zawo.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji parsnips?
Pasternak ndi chinyezi-chikondi, kotero panthawi yopanga mizu mbewu zomera zimayenera kuthiriridwa nthawi zambiri, ngakhale sizinthu zambiri. Ngati alibe chinyezi chokwanira, mtundu wa masambawo udzakhala wotumbululuka, ndipo chomeracho chidzakwera pang'onopang'ono. Kawirikawiri, pa nthaka youma, parsnip imayambitsa muvi, chifukwa chimayambira muzu wake. Ngati izi sizikuchitika, kusowa kwa chinyezi kungawonongeke muzu, kuupangitsa kukhala wothira ndi wouma.
Komabe, ngakhale kuthirira kwa parsnip kuyenera kukhala kawirikawiri, sikungakhale kochuluka. Ndipotu, ngati munda udzakhala ndi chinyezi, mizu ikhoza kukhala ndi matenda a bowa. Ndiko kuti, Ngati chilimwe chiri mvula, ndiye chomeracho sichifunika kuthirira. Chinthu chachikulu pambuyo pa kufalitsa kulikonse mu nthaka ya madzi ndi kumasula, kotero kuti mizu yonse imalandira mpweya.
Mukudziwa? Kutentha, pamene mpweya uli wouma kwambiri, masamba a parsnip amatha kutseka mafuta ofunika kwambiri, omwe amatha kutentha pamoto wa munthu. Choncho, ngati mutasankha kubzala bedi ndi parsnips, ndibwino kuti muchite izi isanakwane kapena dzuwa litalowa.
Kodi mungadyetse bwanji parsnips?
Pasternak ku dacha amafunikanso kudyetsa nthawi zonse, yomwe nthawi yonse yokula ya mbeuyo iyenera kuchitidwa nthawi zosaposa 4.
Pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza ayenera kulingalira malamulo awa:
- Pasternak imadyetsedwa ndi feteleza zokha, zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito mullein, kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi 1:10. Ikhoza kuthandizidwa ndi yankho la phulusa kapena mchere.
- Kudyetsa koyamba kumachitika patatha masabata awiri kuchokera tsiku loika, wachiwiri - pambuyo pa milungu itatu. Ndi zakudya zokhazokha, makondomu ayenera kuperekedwa kwa feteleza okhala ndi nayitrogeni.
- Chakudya chachitatu chikuchitika mu theka lachiwiri la July, lachinai - masabata 2-3. Mukamachita zowonjezereka muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza ndi phosphorous.
Dziwani kuti nthawi zambiri parsnip imafuna feteleza. Ngati dothi m'munda uli ndi thanzi komanso panthawi yomweyi munatha kufesa mvula, ndiye kuti simungasowe chovala chowonjezera.Parsnip yokolola ndi yosungirako
Mukawona kuti masamba a parsnip ayamba kuuma ndi kuviika imvi, mukhoza kuyamba kusonkhanitsa masamba ake. Koma ngati parsnip ikhala m'nthaka pafupifupi mpaka chisanu choyamba, chidzamupindulitsa yekha. Mizu ya chomera ikhoza kukhala yayikulu, choncho tulutseni pansi bwino ndi mafoloko, musayese kuwononga masamba. Ndi bwino kugwira ntchito ndi magolovesi kuti musatenthe pamwamba.
Parsnips amasungidwa mofanana ndi kaloti - kutentha kwa 0 + 2˚С, m'chipinda chokhala ndi chinyezi cha 80-85%. Mmodzi ayenera kukhalanso wokonzekera kuti m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba mwa njira ina parsnip idzakhala yofewa. Choncho, ngati mumakhala kumadera akum'mwera, mizu ya mbeuyi ingakumbidwe nthawi yomweyo kuti anthu adye, chifukwa iwo sagonjetsedwa ndi nyengo yozizira.
Mukudziwa? Ngakhale parsnip ndi chakudya chokoma komanso chopatsa thanzi, imakhalanso ndi zotsutsana. Sitiyenera kupatsidwa kwa ana aang'ono ndi okalamba. Zimatchulidwanso mosiyana ndi matenda monga photodermatosis, pamene khungu limayamba kutengeka kwambiri ndi dzuwa ndipo nthawi zonse limawotchedwa.
Mmene mungagwirire ndi tizirombo ndi matenda a parsnip?
Pasternak, kuwonjezera pa kubzala ndi kusamalira bwino, kumafuna kuti tizirombo tizilombo, zomwe zomerazo ndizochuluka.
Zina mwa matenda omwe alipo kwambiri ndi awa:
- chithandizo;
- zowola mabakiteriya zowola;
- kuvunda wakuda;
- chotsitsa;
- woyera ndi imvi zowola.
Matendawa amatha kudziwonetsera okha kudutsa pamdima kapena mizu yowuma. Pofuna kupewa chitukuko cha bowa, muyenera kutsatira malamulo awa:
- Bzalani parsnips pabedi lomwelo pamakanthawi osachepera 3-4 ndipo musaiwale kutsatira otsatira awo.
- Tsatirani malamulo a agrotechnics omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, ndikupereka chidwi pa kuthirira.
- Musanabzala pa mabedi a mbande za parsnip, udzu wonse uyenera kuchotsedwa.
- Madzi a Bordeaux (njira yothetsera 1%);
- Learnzole;
- Topsin-M
- Njenjete ya Caraway, cholinga chachikulu chomwe ndi mizu, mapesi ndi masamba. Pochotsa tsekwe zoopsya, chomeracho chiyenera kuperekedwa ndi msuzi wapadera wokonzedwa kuchokera ku 3.5 makilogalamu pamwamba pa tomato ndi 10 malita a madzi otentha (kuumirira masiku awiri). Kuwonjezera pa nsongazo, muyenera kuwonjezeranso pafupifupi magalamu 40 a sopo wamba, omwe kale anali opera, kuti awathetse bwino.
- Field bug yemwe mphutsi amadyetsa chomera kuyamwa. Pa nyengo ya kukula kwa mbeu, mpaka mibadwo 4 ya nkhuku zikhoza kuwonekera, zomwe zimatha kuumitsa chomeracho. Polimbana nawo, chitani parsnip ndi Karbofos kapena Actellic.
- Aphid ndi owopsa kwambiri kwa parsnip, chifukwa ikhoza kuwononga kwathunthu kubzala. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kuti muwononge, gwiritsani ntchito "Antitlin", "Biotlin" ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo la Colorado mbatata - "Confidor".
