Raspberries nthawizonse akhala otchuka osati kokha zokoma ndi zokongola zipatso, komanso chifukwa cha ubwino wa thupi laumunthu, ndi kupititsa patsogolo makhalidwe awa, anthu amabweretsa mitundu yatsopano ndi yatsopano. Chinthu chimodzi chofunikira kwambiri ndi rasipiberi "Basamu", ndipo mudzapeza momwe chilili chodabwitsa komanso momwe mungadziwonetsere nokha ndi zipatso zopindulitsa - m'nkhaniyi.
Malingaliro osiyanasiyana
Rasipiberi "Basamu" ndi chitsamba choongoka, koma chokwera kwambiri (kutalika kwa nyengo, kutalika kwake kawirikawiri sikudutsa mamita 1.8). Mphukira zapachaka zimakhala zobiriwira, zobiriwira, pomwe zitsamba za biennial zakhala zikuwoneka bwino mu bulauni. Pa 1 mamita a malo omwe zomera zimapanga pafupifupi 15-20 akuwombera ndi kutchulidwa kwa sera. Zonsezi ndizomwe zimakhala zofiira, ndi zofiira zofupikitsa za mtundu wofiira.
Kuwonjezera pa zofiira rasipiberi mitundu, chikasu ndi wakuda raspberries amapezekanso kunyumba yamaluwa, ndi zambiri zopindulitsa katundu.
Mapepala a mapepala a rasipiberi omwe amalembedwa sali omveka kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala aakulu kwambiri. Kuchokera pamwamba, iwo ali obiriwira komanso obiriwira, ndipo kuchokera pansi pake amakhala owala kwambiri, omwe amakhala ndi mabala obiriwira, omwe amakhala ndi zofiira zosaoneka bwino za mtundu wofiirira (iwo amatambasula pamphepete mwa masamba). 
Chomeracho sichitha kukoma kokha, komanso chimatha kukhala ndi phindu pa thupi lonse la munthu, chifukwa chimadziwika ndi antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Kuonjezera apo, pakupanga kwake pali mavitamini ambiri ndi amchere, omwe makamaka amasiyanitsa mavitamini A, B2, PP, E, folic acid.
Mukudziwa? Mafuta a Basamu anapezeka chifukwa cha kudutsa kwa Newburgh ndi Ruby Bulgarian, ndipo adawonjezeredwa ku Register Register ya Russia mu 1993.
Mbali yapadera ya Basamu ndi nyengo yabwino yozizira yozizira, yomwe imawathandiza kukhalabe atsopano ndi kupewa kupezeka kwa madzi mu nyengo yozizira kwambiri. Kuonjezerapo, zomera zimatha kupulumuka ndikukhazikika ndi kusefukira kwa mizu, ngakhale kuti mvula imakhala yochepa. 
Zomerazi zimakula bwino m'madera onse a Russian Federation ndi Ukraine, ndipo izi zikhoza kukhala zigawo za Ural, Northern ndi Far East za Russia.
Zizindikiro za zipatso ndi zipatso
Rasipiberi yopatsa "Basamu" ndi zipatso zamtundu wofiirira, zolemera 2.6-2.8 g. Zonsezi ndi zofanana, zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe akuluakulu komanso zowonjezera. Ngati ali ndi msinkhu wokwanira, amakhala osiyana kwambiri ndi tsinde ndipo amakhala ndi deta yabwino (zamkati ndi zosauka), koma kununkhira sikofunika.
Tikukulangizani kuti muwerenge ubwino wa raspberries.
Pa zokolola, pakadali pano ndizitali kuposa momwe zilili ndipo zili pafupifupi 60-80 pakati pa mahekitala 1 a minda, ndipo mosamala chiwerengerochi chikhoza kuwonjezeka kufika pa 10.5-12.1 t / ha. Mukakulira m'dera lanu limodzi ndi chitsamba chimodzi, mukhoza kupeza 2.5-2.7 makilogalamu a zipatso zokoma ndi zokoma. Zipatso zonse zipsa nthawi imodzi, kotero kuti pang'onopang'ono amakolola mbewu zonse. 
Agrotehnika kulima ndi kusamalira raspberries
Kuti mupeze zowonjezera zokoma ndi zathanzi za rasipiberi zipatso, nkofunika kupereka tchire ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri za kukula ndi chitukuko. Kuwonjezera pa agrotechnical njira (kutanthauza chisamaliro choyenera cha zomera ndi kutsata zofunikira kuti kuthirira, kudyetsa ndi kudulira), nkofunikanso kuti musalakwitse posankha mbande zokha, choncho tiyambira ndi funso ili.
Mitundu ya rasipiberi monga Heritage, Barnaul, Ispolin, Kunyada kwa Russia, Canada, Kirzhach, Polka, Atlanta, Cumberland, Tiberberry ndi Caramel ".
Kusankhidwa kwa mbande
Sikuti makope onse ogulitsidwa pamsika ndi othandiza komanso amakhala omasuka pamunda wanu. Ena mwa iwo akhoza kuwonongeka panthawi yopitako, pamene ena akhoza kale kutenga matenda kapena tizirombo. Posiyanitsa mbande za thanzi labwino ndi zovuta, ndikofunika kudziwa zomwe mukuyang'ana. Pankhani ya rasipiberi "Basamu", mukufunikira makope ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- wamkati wandiweyani;
- ndi rhizome yabwino;
- ndi imodzi kapena zambiri zowonjezera zimayambira.
Ngati mbeu yanu yosankhidwa ili ndi mizere yotseguka, ndiye pakapita kayendedwe ka rhizome ayenera kuvala ndi nsalu yonyowa, ndipo pofika pa sitepala yomweyo prikopyat. Komanso musaiwale kuti nthawi yayitali mu matumba apulasitiki kapena burlap ndi ofunika kwambiri, pamene mizu idzayamba kuvunda, ndipo mmerawo sungakhale woyenera kuti mugwiritse ntchito.Ndikofunikira! Simukusowa kugula tchire lalikulu la rasipiberi, chifukwa zidzakhala zovuta kuti iwo azitha kusintha gawolo.
Zomwe amangidwa
Kusankha malo odzala ndi kusamalira zomera, muyenera kumangoganizira zowonongeka ndi dzuwa komanso kutetezedwa ku mphepo, kumene m'nyengo yozizira nthawi zambiri chisanu chimapangidwa. Mitsuko yolowera ikulimbikitsidwa kuti iikidwe kutsogolo kuchokera kumpoto chakummawa mpaka kummwera chakumadzulo, komanso kuchokera kumpoto kupita kummwera. Nthaka m'maderawa ayenera kukhala loamy pang'ono, ndipo mchenga ndi mchenga wa mchenga uyenera kuthiriridwa ndi kubzala nthawi zonse ndi zinthu zakuthupi. 
Nthaka ndi feteleza
Musanabzala mbande mu dzenje lokonzekera, dothi liri mmenemo liyenera kumangidwa ndi peat, humus, organic matter, phulusa, manyowa ovunda kapena zitosi za nkhuku. Njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli ndi kuphatikizapo zinthu zowonongeka ndi mchere, zomwe zimapangidwa kwambiri ndi superphosphate (150-200 g) ndi potaziyamu (60-80 g). Ng'ombe yatsopano yamtunda siinali pano.
Ngati mutabzala munabweretsa zakudya zokwanira m'nthaka, zaka ziwiri zoyambirira sizingakhale zofunikira kuti muvekwe pamwamba. Kuchokera m'chaka chachitatu cha kukula kwa "Basamu", masika onse nthaka yomwe ili pansi pa raspberries iyenera kukondwera ndi mankhwala a nayitrogeni. Pakupanga tchire chobala zipatso, potashi ndi phosphate feteleza (50-60 g pa lalikulu), superphosphate, sulphate ya potaziyamu ndi phulusa la nkhuni zimagwiritsidwa ntchito (ndikwanira kuti mutseke nthaka). Komanso, zotsatira zabwino zimapangitsa kuyambitsa makina a organic ngati mawonekedwe ovunda amadzipukutira m'madzi 1:10. 
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Rasipiberi "Basamu" imakonda chinyezi, choncho amamwa madzi mlungu uliwonse, pogwiritsa ntchito 30-40 malita a madzi pa mita iliyonse ya mitala. Kuonjezerapo, madzi okwanira amafunika kwa zomera ndipo nthawi yomweyo mutabzala, zomwe zidzathandiza kuti apulumuke.
Mukudziwa? Ngati rasipiberi imakula pafupi ndi njuchi, ndiye kuti tikhoza kupeza zokolola zambiri, chifukwa, kusonkhanitsa timadzi tokoma, njuchi zimawonjezera chiwerengero cha 40-60%.
Kugwirizana kwa kutentha
M'madera ambiri a nyengo yozungulira nyengo, raspberries ya ofotokozera zosiyanasiyana kulekerera nyengo yozizira chisanu bwino, koma kumpoto ndiwe, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mufunike malo okhala. Mphukira sayenera kukwera pamwamba pa masentimita 30 pamwamba pa nthaka, ndipo ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa ndi kuthandizidwa ndi ufa, womangirizidwa ku chithandizo kapena mapepala apadera. Mu nyengo yovuta kwambiri, mungagwiritse ntchito spandex pogona.
Kubalanso ndi kubzala
Rasipiberi mbande amabzalidwa pa malo kumapeto kapena autumn, ndi zobiriwira cuttings obzalidwa m'chilimwe. Nthaka yobzala imakonzedweratu pasanafike, ndipo nthawi ya kubzala - pafupifupi mwezi. Ngati mukukonzekera kudzala tchire kumapeto kwa nyengo, ndiye kuti ntchito yokonzekera iyenera kusamala mu kugwa. Nthawi zambiri, izi zikhoza kuchitika pakubwera kwa kutentha koyamba, koma kokha makamaka masabata 2-3 isanachitike. 
Ndondomeko yokha ikhoza kuchitidwa malinga ndi dongosolo lachikale, ndi mtunda pakati pa tchire la 70-100 masentimita, ndi njira ya tepi (200-220 cm) kapena chitsamba (1.5 mamita pakati pa tchire).
Ngati mukufuna rasipiberi tchire ndikukula bwino, phunzirani kufesa raspberries mu kugwa ndi masika.
Ponena za kuswana, mu rasipiberi iyi "Basamu" imayimiliranso ndi mtundu wake. Ndi zophweka kupasuka pa tsamba m'njira zosiyanasiyana: pogwiritsa ntchito cuttings, ndi rhizome ndikugawanitsa chitsamba. Njira imodzi yotchuka ndiyo kuchotsa kamwana kakang'ono kotalika masentimita 20 kuchokera ku chomera cha mayi ndikupitiriza kubzala (pamodzi ndi earthy ball) m'malo atsopano. Kulima malo kumakhala madzi okwanira, kumakhala ndi mithunzi. 
Kudulira
Zosiyanasiyana "Basamu" amatanthauza mitundu ya rasipiberi ya fruiting, choncho zomera zimadulidwa nthawi zonse, nthawi yonse yotentha. Njirayi ikuchitika m'magulu angapo:
- Pambuyo kukolola, mphukira zonse zazaka ziwiri zikutuluka ku tchire (ziyenera kuti zabzala kale chaka chino), ndipo pofuna kupeŵa kufalikira kwa matenda omwe angathenso, amatenthedwa nthawi yomweyo, atachotsedwa kale.
- Kudulira kotere kumabwera m'dzinja lakuya. Panthawi imeneyi, dulani mphukira zonse zosafunika, zowuma ndi matenda, kuziwononga pambuyo pake monga tafotokozera pamwambapa.
- Pakati pa mwezi wa May iwo amathira pamwamba pa mphukira za zaka ziwiri, zomwe zimalimbikitsa kukula kwa nthambi zatsopano.
- Pakubwera kwa chilimwe chaka chamawa kuchokera ku rasipiberi "Basamu" muyenera kuchotsa kukula, pogwiritsa ntchito mkaka.
Musaiwale za kuwerengera, ndi kudula ofooka ndi ofooka kwambiri mzere. Chotsatira chake, osapitirira 10 mwa iwo ayenera kukhala pamtunda umodzi.Kuti bwino kulima raspberries, iyenera kudula bwino.
Kukula ndi mavuto
Vuto lalikulu pakukula kwa Balsamu zosiyanasiyana ndi mulu waukulu wa mphukira yaitali, kuwakakamiza kudalira pansi pawokha. Kuti musachotse nthambi, nkofunika kugwiritsa ntchito zothandizira, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale mitundu yosiyanasiyana mu nyengo imodzi yomwe ikukula. Nthaŵi zambiri, mtengo wothandizira umayendetsedwa pakati pa chitsamba cha rasipiberi, ndipo kale kutaya ziwalo zazomera zimamangidwa. Komabe, vuto lalikulu la njirayi ndi kuchepetsa kuwala kwa mkati mwa chitsamba ndipo, motero, zotsatira zake zonse. 
Kukhazikitsa pang'onopang'ono vutoli lidzakuthandizira okonzera mphukira, pamene pakati pa tchire zosiyanasiyana zimayendetsa pazitsulo ndikuziika pa theka la nthambi zonse za izo, koma ndi bwino kukoka waya kapena kukonza galasi (khungu lakuda limaphatikizidwa ndi zothandizira kumayambiriro a masika, isanafike masamba).
Ndikofunikira! Mitengo ya zomera imathamanga kwambiri, kotero kuti chitukuko chokongola cha aliyense wa iwo chiyenera kuwerengera chiwerengero cha mphukira. Mtengo woyenera ndi 8-10 zidutswa pamtunda wa mita imodzi.
Vuto lina lalikulu pa kulima mitundu "Basamu" silinapezeke, choncho ndi loyenera kulima ndi odziwa bwino komanso osamalira wamaluwa.
Tizilombo, matenda ndi kupewa
Mofanana ndi mitundu ina yambiri, rasipiberi yomwe imatchulidwa kawirikawiri imakhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga rasipibulata, yomwe imalola kuti zipatso zisamalire ndikukula bwino. Pochotsapo, wamaluwa amangogwedeza tizilombo kuchokera ku filimu ya pulasitiki kapena ntchito yogulitsa tizilombo. 
Osachepera kuwonongeka kwa plantings kungachititse tsinde tsamba ndi weevil florist. Mphungu ya weevil imasokoneza peduncle, kugwedeza pa iyo, chifukwa cha masambawo amagwa, ndipo zokolola zachepa kwambiri. Anthu omwe ali ndi pupated amatha kusambira kumapeto kwa masamba a chilimwe ndikupita kumtunda m'nyengo yozizira, ndipo pofuna kupewa ntchito yawo chaka chamawa, nthaka pansi pa tchire iyenera kumasulidwa, kuphatikiza ndi chisanu.
Ndikofunikira! Njira yabwino yochekerera mitengo panthawi yopanga rasipiberi cultivar "Basamu" ndi ndondomeko iwiri: pakubwera kwa chilimwe, mphukira zonse zimadulidwa ndi 10-15 masentimita, ndipo patapita chaka, kukula kwa pang'onopang'ono kumadulidwa pamtunda womwewo.
Kunyalanyaza vuto la gall midge kungayambitse imfa ya lonse rasipiberi. Mukhoza kuteteza zotsatira zosayenera mwa kuyang'ana tchire, kudula kunja kwa mphukira, ndi kuchiza raspberries ndi 1% njira ya Bordeaux osakaniza.
Chinyama china chimene chimapezeka nthawi zambiri m'minda ndi aphid rasipiberi. Kuwonjezera pa kuwonongeka kwa zomera, tizilombo timatha kutumiza kwa iwo matenda alionse omwe ali ndi zikhalidwe zina. Pofuna kuthetseratu vutoli, alimi amatha kugwiritsa ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda popanga nsabwe za m'masamba, ndipo pamene chipatsocho chimatulutsa tchire, timatulutsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a dandelion, fodya, mapeyala a mandwe lalanje ndi zowawa. 
Ponena za matenda a fungal omwe amapezeka, mitundu ya "Basamu" imakhala yotsutsa kwambiri ndipo sichikukhudzidwa. Ngati mwadzidzidzi izi zimachitika, mawonekedwe a fungicides amawathandiza kuthana ndi vuto: mwachitsanzo, "Mikosan" kapena "Fundazol".
Pezani matenda omwe mungakumane nawo pamene mukukula raspberries.
Kawirikawiri, omwe amawatcha rasipiberi zosiyanasiyana ndi njira yabwino yokula pa chiwembu chawo: zomera ndizodzichepetsa, zolimbana ndi matenda ndi kubweretsa zokolola zambiri. Komabe, ngati mumakonda zipatso zabwino kwambiri, ndiye kuti mumayenera kuyang'ana zina zosiyanasiyana, monga momwe zilili pakadali pano acidity idzamvekanso.
Video: rasipiberi mitundu "Basamu"
Maganizo ochokera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito pa intaneti za rasipiberi mitundu "Basamu"
