Spathiphyllum, kapena momwe imatchedwanso, chimwemwe chachikazi, chimakopa chidwi ndi zokongoletsera za masamba. Masamba ake ndi otchuka chifukwa cha kukula kwake ndi mtundu wolemera. Maluwawo amalowa mkati.
Spathiphyllum imathandiza kwambiri mlengalenga, chifukwa nthawi yaitali imakondwera ndi maluwa okongola ndipo kawirikawiri imadwala matenda. Koma nthawi zina, poyendetsedwa ndi zinthu zolakwika, zomera zimadwala, zomwe zimakhudza maonekedwe. Imodzi mwa mavuto omwe anthu ambiri amakhala nawo ndi mdima wa masamba.
Kodi mdima ndi chiyani?
- Tanthauzo Kuda mdima ndi chizindikiro cha matenda osagwira ntchito. Chifukwa cha mdima wandiweyani pambali zosiyanasiyana za maluwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa chikhalidwe cha mbeu. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha zoweta za kusamalira chisangalalo cha amayi.
- Maonekedwe. Kunja, wakuda akuwoneka mosiyana. Nthaŵi zambiri, pali mabala akuluakulu a bulauni. Pali mdima wouma, pamene zowonongeka zimauma, zimakhala zowonongeka, ndipo kulira kwachisoni ndi chizindikiro cha kuvunda. Pamwamba pa malo okhudzidwa, fungal spores kapena nkhungu zimapangidwa.
- Ndi mbali ziti za zomera zomwe zingadetse mdima? Pamene spathiphyllum imamva bwino, maluwawo amatembenuka wakuda, mazirawo amdima, mapepala amkati, nsonga za inflorescences zimakhala ndi mthunzi wambiri wamdima.
Mizu imayambitsa
Olima amaluwa omwe amavomereza nthawi zambiri amadzifunsa kuti n'chifukwa chiyani masamba a spathiphyll amdima? Zifukwa zazikulu ndi izi:
- Kutentha kwambiri. Ngakhale chomeracho chimakonda chinyezi, koma musadwale ndi kuthirira, chifukwa kuchepa kwa madzi kumabweretsa kuvunda kwa mizu. Izi zimafotokozedwa ndi tsamba lakuda kapena mphukira wakuda pamphepete mwa inflorescence. Kusungunuka kwa madzi kumapezeka chifukwa china - kusowa kwa madzi osanjikiza. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kusintha kwa mavitamini okhutira malingana ndi nyengo.
- Bowa Matenda a fungal amagwira mizu ya spathiphyllum. Iwo amakula mofulumira mu nthaka yonyowa komanso pansi. Kunja, kumawoneka ngati wakuda ndi zizindikiro za fungal sex. N'zotheka kusonyeza mawanga a bulauni.
- Hypothermia Spathiphyllum ndi thermophilic chomera chomwe sichimalola kutsika kutsika ndi zojambula. Ndi pang'ono hypothermia, spathiphyllum imabweretsanso kukomoka kwake, koma nsonga zakuda zakuda zimakhalabe. Zotsatira za maluwa otentha kwambiri mumtambo wamvula ndizovulaza.
- Kutsika kwa mpweya. Kutentha kwakukulu ndi mbali yofunikira ya spathiphyllum. Chifukwa cha masamba akulu, kusinthanitsa kwa mpweya kumachitika, kuchuluka kwa masamba a chinyezi, ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti ndikofunika kulipira ndi ulimi wothirira kapena microclimate ndi mkulu chinyezi.M'malo okhalamo zimakhala zovuta kukhazikitsa mikhalidwe yabwino, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira. Mpweya wouma umathandiza kuti chitukuko chiwonjezeke.
- Kusagwiritsidwa ntchito kosayenera kwa zokongoletsa mchere. Kupanda kapena kuchuluka kwa zakudya kumayambitsa mdima wa inflorescence. Popeza nthaka yadutsa pakapita nthawi, iyenera kusinthidwa.
Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kudyetsa chaka. Pofuna kubwezeretsa chilengedwe, maluwawo amamera ndi mchere wovuta. Ndikofunika kutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo pa phukusi ndi mankhwala komanso kuti musapitirire ndi mawu oyamba.
N'chiyani chimayambitsa?
- Maonekedwe okongoletsa akuwonongeka.
- Kukula kwakukulu kwa kuwonongeka.
- Kudya masamba.
- Zomwe zimakhudza zuma ndi kutha.
- Ndi kuwonongeka kwakukulu, chimwemwe chachikazi sichingakhoze kupulumutsidwa, iye amafa.
Kodi mungatani ngati mbewuyo ili mdima?
Masamba
- Ngati duwa lachimwemwe lachimwemwe limachoka mdima, ndiye kuthana ndi vutoli lidzathandiza kudulira mizu yovunda ndi masamba akuda, komanso kufunika kokwerekera ku dziko lapansi latsopano. Kuti chiwonongeko chonsecho chiwonongeke, chomerachi chimachiritsidwa ndi fungicidal kukonzekera (Triazol, Gamar, Alirin B).
- Mankhwala othandiza ogwira ntchito yothetsera nyemba - sopo. Pophika, muyenera kusakaniza masentimita 200-250 a sopo, sakanizani ufa ndi 10 malita a madzi ofunda ndi mavuto kudzera pa gauze. Chotsatiracho chimasakaniza kukonza mbeu.
- Kawirikawiri, chimwemwe chachikazi chimakhala ndi kusowa kwa nayitrojeni m'nthaka. Malo a khofi amakumana ndi vuto ili. Zisanayambe zouma. Ndiye perekani maluwa, pang'ono pang'ono kukweza khofi mu nthaka. Mukamwetsa zowonjezera zimapereka zakudya ndi mavitamini. Coffee ili ndi 2% ya nayitrogeni.
Malangizo a Leaf
Zotsatira izi zimatengedwa kuti athetse matendawa:
- Sungunulani chinyezi ndi kutentha.
- Gwiritsani ntchito chidziwitso.
- Tsiku lililonse, tulutsani masambawo kuchokera ku botolo lamatsitsi.
- Pewani kujambula.
Maluwa
- Ngati maluwawo achita mdima, ndiye kuti spathiphyllum iyenera kukhala yosiyana ndi zomera zina. Kenaka, madera ovuta ndi matenda ochotsera matenda amachotsedwa. Monga mankhwala wothandizira, mankhwala ndi kukonzekera "Fundazol" ndi "Topsin" amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pambuyo pa masiku 14-16 patatha kusintha kwa dothi, pitirizani kukonzanso fungicide.
- Kuthirira madzi ozizira kumathandiza pamaluwa. Pali njira zingapo zamadzi zimachepetsa:
- Wiritsani madziwa kwa mphindi 20-25. Kuti muchite izi, tengerani madzi ku matepi otentha (kuchuluka kwa laimu mmenemo ndi kochepa kuposa kuzizira).
- Onjezerani 0.2 gramu ya oxalic acid mpaka madzi okwanira 1 litre. Pambuyo pake, imatetezedwa kwa masiku 3-4, mpaka mchere wonyezimira ukuonekera pansi.
Kupewa kubwezeretsa kwa matendawa
- Sungani kutentha kwa mkati mkati.
- Perekani chinyezi chofunikira.
- Pewani kuzungulira ndi mphepo yozizira.
- Nthaŵi ndi nthawi yesetsani kufufuza kunja.
- Kamodzi pa sabata kuti mupange mankhwala.
- Pofuna kupewa salinization ya nthaka, panthawi yake kuchotsa nyemba zoyera ku nthaka.
- Onetsetsani nthawi zonse, kamodzi zaka zingapo.
- Kwa ulimi wothirira, gwiritsani ntchito madzi olekanitsa.
- Musalole kuti nthaka ikusefukire.
- Dyetsani zowonjezeretsa ndi zakudya.
- Sungani madzi owonjezera kuchokera ku poto.
Vuto lofala ndi mdima wa maluwa ena. Miyeso yanthaŵi yake yotengedwa, yokhoza kusunga zomera. Kusamalidwa bwino kwa spathiphyllum ndi kukhala ndi zifukwa zabwino zakumangidwa kudzateteza kuwuka kwa matenda osiyanasiyana.
