Kodi tizilombo ta rasipiberi ndi momwe mungathane nazo

Raspulosi amtundu uliwonse amatha kukhala ochulukirapo kapena ochepetsedwa ndi tizirombo. Zotsatira zowonongeka nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa kuchepa kwakukulu pamsika wazipatso ndi zipatso, kuchepa kwakukulu komanso kuwononga kwathunthu mbewu. Kuti muthane ndi tizirombo bwino, muyenera kudziwa zambiri: momwe zimawonekera, kuvulaza komwe zimabweretsa, nthawi zomwe zimatha kukhala zowopsa, pazikhalidwe ziti ndi zina zambiri. Njira zoyenera zotetezera mbewu zitha kupewa kugonjetsedwa ndikupulumutsa mbewu.

Kodi tizirombo ta raspberries ndi chiyani

Pali mitundu yambiri yazipatso za rasipiberi. Zimathanso kukhudzana ndi nthambi zamasamba osiyanasiyana pamtunda wa kukula kwake. Kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tisatengere modzidzimutsa, ndibwino kuwadziwiratu.

Rasipiberi tsinde (mphukira) ndulu midge

Tizilombo timawononga rasipiberi ndi mabulosi akuda. Udzudzu wocheperako (1.6-2.2 mm), womwe umawuluka mu Meyi-Julayi nthawi yamaluwa a raspberries. Yaikazi imayikira mazira mphukira, pomwe mphutsi zimawonekera pambuyo masiku 8-10. Zimakwawa pansi pamakungwa a zimayambira ndikudyera zipatso zawo. Pamalo oyamba ndi mphutsi, kudzimbidwa (mipata) kumapangidwa komwe mphutsi zimangokhala hibernate. Gauls amafikira 3 cm kutalika ndi 2 cm mulifupi. Ming'alu pamafupipafupi, khungwa limayamba kutulutsa, mphukira imawonongeka ndipo zimasweka mosavuta pamalo owonongeka.

Rapiberi mphukira ndulu midge ndi udzudzu wocheperako, mphutsi zake zimalowa mkatikati mwa rasipiberi ndikupanga zotupa (mipiringidzo), yomwe imafikira 3 cm mulitali, 2 cm mulifupi

Chapakatikati, mu ndulu iliyonse, pamatha kukhala mphutsi ziwiri kapena khumi ndi imodzi zomwe zimakula mpaka kufika pa 3-4 mm. Chakumapeto kwa Meyi, nthawi yamaluwa ya raspberries, akulu amawoneka. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timavulala kwambiri, titha kuwononga mpaka 70% wa mphukira wa rasipiberi.

Vidiyo: rasipiberi adakwapulidwa ndi tsinde ndulu ya midge

Rasipiberi nutcracker

Tizilombo toyamwa timakhala ngati masentimita 2-3 ndi thupi lakuda komanso pamimba. Monga mphukira ndulu midge, mapesi a rasipiberi awonongeka. Mphutsi zimalowa mu mphukira, ndipo, kudya tiziwalo tating'onoting'ono, zimayamba kutulutsa. Zimayambira zomwe zimakhudzidwa zimaphulika mosavuta kapena kupukuta. Kubala kumachepetsa kwambiri. Gauls wopangidwa kuchokera ku lesion wopangidwa ndi munthu wamafuta - amasiyana ndi kufalikira komwe kumawonongeka ndi tsinde ndulu ya midge, kukula kwake ndipo amatha kutalika kwa 10 cm.

Ripberry naticracker ndi kachilombo kakang'ono kamene mphutsi zake zimayambitsa mapesi a rasipiberi, ndikupanga kutalika komwe kumatha kutalika kwa 10 cm

Rasipiberi mphukira nsabwe

Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timakhala m'gulu la tizilombo tokhala ndi mapiko. Mtundu wa nsabwe za m'masamba ndi wobiriwira wopepuka ndi wokutira wa sera, kukula kwake ndi pafupifupi 2,5 mm. Zimakhudza malekezero a mphukira ndi masamba a masamba, kuyamwa madzi kuchokera kwa iwo. Masamba amapotozedwa, mphukira zimapindika, kukula kumayima. Masamba a zipatso samabereka zipatso, pomwe maluwawo amayimira kukula ndikuuma. Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kumayambitsidwa ndi tizilombo mu chilala. Mitengo ya aphid yomwe imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi dzuwa imagwiritsa ntchito kuuma. Komanso nsabwe za m'masamba zotengera matenda a rasipiberi.

Mbidzi zazikazi zimayikira mazira akuda pa mphukira pafupi ndi masamba, pomwe nthawi yozizira imakhala. Pakuyamba kwa nyengo yakukula, mphutsi zimawoneka kuti zimadyetsa madzi a impso. Kukula mwachangu, popanda umuna, kumaswa maphutsi amoyo. Mibadwo ingapo imakula pakapita nthawi. M'chilimwe, nsabwe za m'mapiko zimapezeka, zomwe zimafalikira kuzomera zina.

Rasipiberi mphukira ndi kachilombo kakang'ono (pafupifupi 2,5 mm) komwe kamayambitsa malekezero a mphukira ndi mapesi a masamba, kuyamwa madzi kuchokera kwa iwo

Rasipiberi Weevil (Rasipiberi Maluwa)

Tizilombo tingathenso amatchedwa sitiroberi-rasipiberi weevil, chifukwa amawononga sitiroberi ndi sitiroberi kuphatikiza rasipiberi. Chakuda (mwina chofiirira) kachilombo kakang'ono 2.5,5 mm kukula kwake ndi mtundu wochepa thupi woonda. Mimbulu imadzala pansi pa zinyalala zinyalala za dziko lapansi. Chapakatikati, tizilombo timadyedwa timasamba tating'onoting'ono, ndipo tisanafike maluwa timayikira mazira amodzi munthawi iliyonse paphunguyo ndikumata ngongole zake, zomwe zimasweka ndikutsalira mufilimuyo. Mphutsi imatuluka dzira, lomwe limadyanso mphukira ndipo limakhazikika mmenemo. Weevil imawononga kwambiri mbeu. Pakati pa dzinja, kafadala kachilomboka, kamene kamadya masamba ndi petioles.

Rasipiberi-sitiroberi weevil - kachilombo kakang'ono (2,5 mm) wakuda, kuwononga masamba a rasipiberi ndi ma pedicels

Tizilombo ta rasipiberi

Chimodzi mwazilombo zoyipa kwambiri za raspberries. Mu zaka zambiri za kuthawa, zimawononga mpaka 30% ya masamba ndi maluwa. Tizilombo ta imvi topyapyala timakutidwa ndi utoto wachikasu kapena wonyezimira, ndikuupereka dzimbiri.

Posunga nthawi yachisanu, kafadala amalowera munthaka yakuya masentimita 15 mpaka 20. Amasuluka kuchokera pamenepo pomwe dziko lapansi limatentha mpaka 12 ° C ndikuyamba kudya mungu ndi mbewu za zipatso ndi mabulosi, komanso namsongole wamaluwa. Panthawi yowonjezera masamba pa raspberries, kafadala amasinthira ku chikhalidwe ichi. Amadzula maluwa, masamba, masamba achichepere. Mu maluwa rasipiberi, nsagwada zam'mimba zimatulutsa dzira limodzi, pomwe m'masiku 8-10 mphutsi zamtunduwu zimatuluka. Amatafuna mapesi ake ndi maziko ake a zipatso, omwe amakhala oyipa komanso osalimba, amakhala ochepa, amazimiririka ndikuvunda. Mtundu wa mbewu umachepetsedwa kwambiri. Pakutola zipatso, nthawi zambiri zimatha kupezeka mphutsi mkati.

Tizilombo ta rasipiberi tili ndi dzimbiri kapena dzimbiri, kamadyera pamaluwa, masamba, masamba achichepere, ndipo mphutsi zake zimawononga mapesi ndi zipatso

Tsamba rasipiberi akuuluka

Tizilombo tofiirira tambiri tomwe timakhala tikuuluka m'mwezi wa Meyi-Juni ndi ntchentche ya rasipiberi; titha kutchedwanso ntchentche rasipiberi. Pakadali pano, mphukira zazing'ono za raspberries zimayamba kukula. Ntchentcheyo imayikira mazira pamwamba pake ndi masamba a masamba akuyamba kupanga. Pafupifupi sabata limodzi, mphutsi zimaswa, zomwe zimalowa pakati pa achinyamata zimayambira ndikudulira, ndikumagona mizere yozungulira komanso yozungulira. Magawo apical a zowonongeka zimayambira pang'onopang'ono, amakhala ndi khungu ndipo amafa masiku 10-15. Zina zolimba zimatha kupereka mphukira zamtundu, koma zilibe nthawi yakucha chisanachitike ndikufa nthawi yachisanu. Mu rasipiberi wakakhuthala, mpaka 80% ya zimayambira zimatha kufa.

Tsamba la rasipiberi ndi ntchentche yofiirira mpaka 5 mm, mphutsi zomwe zimawononga mphukira zazing'ono, nsonga zawo zimafota, zimada ndipo zimafa

Pakatha masiku 12-16, mphutsi zimasiya zitsamba ndi kulowa dothi lakuya masentimita 5-6, pomwe zimakhalabe nthawi yachisanu. M'mwezi wa Meyi, nthaka ikatenthedwa ndi mphutsi mpaka 12-13 ° C, zimasweka. Mukakhala kouma komanso kotentha mkati mwa sabata, ndipo kumakhala mvula komanso kuzizira mu masabata awiri ntchentche zimayamba kuwuluka. Kuphatikiza pa raspberries, ntchentche imawonongeranso mabulosi akuda.

Vidiyo: bwanji rasipiberi amawombera (rasipiberi kutuluka)

Rasipiberi impso

Gulugufe wamtundu wausiku wokhala ndi mapiko akutsogolo owoneka ngati bulauni. Mapiko a mbawala imvi ndi mphonje wakuda siliva. Wingspan - 11-14 mm. Zitsamba zofiira ndi mutu wakuda, kutalika kwa 8-10 mm. Tizilombo tosokoneza touluka m'magawo achokoleti pansi pa khungwa la rasipiberi, mu stumps kapena pansi pansi pa tchire. Kumayambiriro kwam'mawa, mbozizo zimabowola ndi kulowa mu masamba a rasipiberi, omwe amauma ndipo amatha kutulutsa masamba amodzi okha. Ikakulowa impso, mboziyo imalowa mkatikati mwa mphukira ndi ana. Masiku angapo pambuyo pake, agulugufe amawoneka kuchokera ku pupae, pomwe nthawi ya maluwa raspberries amayala dzira limodzi mu duwa lirilonse. Ana agalu omwe amatuluka mazira amadya zipatso zobala zipatso asanakhwime, kenako nkutsikira pansi pa mphukira, kupeza pogona ndi nyengo yozizira mwa mawonekedwe a coco, osagwirizana ndi chisanu champhamvu. Rasipiberi impso amawonongera mabulosi akuda ndipo m'zaka zina zitha kuwononga kwambiri.

Rasipiberi wa buluu ndi gulugufe wamtundu wautali, mbozi zake zimakhudza masamba a rasipiberi, omwe amauma ndipo amatha kungopatsa masamba amodzi okha

Spider mite

Arthropod arachnid ndi wopaka mawonekedwe, wobiriwira wobiriwira kumayambiriro kwa nyengo, wamawonekedwe ofiira kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka masika. Nkhupakupa ndizochepa kwambiri - 0,25-0.43 mm. M'nyengo yozizira, akazi okhatikiza amabisala m'malo obisalamo: m'malo zinyalala kapena pansi pa mitengo. Nkhupakupa zimawoneka kumapeto kwa masamba achichepere, kuyamwa madziwo ndikuwotcha ndi tsamba lowuma lomwe limayikira mazira. Mphutsi zimakula mkati mwa masabata 1-3 ndipo munthawi imeneyi zimayamwa madzi kuchokera masamba, mphukira zobiriwira ndi zipatso. Mibadwo ingapo ya tizilombo timapangidwanso mu nyengo. Mawonekedwe ansontho amawoneka pamasamba, amawuma ndikugwa. M'nyengo yotentha, mbewu zowonongeka ndi nkhupakupa zimafa. Zowonongeka pamera zitha kufikira 70%.

Sipanga ya kangaude ndi yaing'ono kwambiri (0,25-0.43 mm), yokhala ndi utoto wobiriwira, imayamwa msuziwo pamasamba ang'onoang'ono a rasipiberi ndikuwukhomera ndi tsamba lomwe limayikira mazira

Rasipiberi galasi

Gulugufe wamtambo wakuda, wokhala ndi thupi lalitali loonda komanso mapiko owoneka bwino. Mphete zachikasu pamimba zimapatsa kufanana ndi mavu. Wingspan 22-26 mm. Mu Juni-Julayi, galasi-lamadzi limayamba kuuluka ndikuyika mazira panthaka pamiyala ya rasipiberi. Akazi ndi ochulukirapo, aliyense wa iwo amatha kuyikira mazira 200. Khungubwi za mbozi zimaluma mumitengo ndi mizu, kudula m'njira zambiri momwe zimakhalira nthawi yozizira. Chaka chamawa, akupitilirabe kupukusa, kenako kukasenda, atakonzera dzenje kuti gulugufe utuluke. Mphukira zowonongeka sizimakula, kubereka bwino zipatso, zimakhala zosalimba m'munsi. Glassbasket sichachilendo kuposa ma midges a ndulu, ma weevils ndi kafadala. Nthawi zambiri, amatha kupezeka m'minda zosasamalidwa pazabwino zanu.

Mbale wa galasi rasipiberi - gulugufe wakuda buluu, pang'ono ngati mavu, yemwe mbozi zake zimayala timitengo tambiri ndi mizu ya rasipiberi

Scoop

Pali mitundu iwiri ya ma scoops omwe amawononga ma raspberries. Loyamba ndi rasipiberi wakuthwa, gulugufe wokhala ndi mapiko pafupifupi 33 mm. Mapiko akutsogolo ali akofiirira, mapiko kumbuyo ndi otuwa. Ntchentche mu June-Julayi. Khungubwe limakhala nthawi yotentha komanso yophukira, masamba owononga a raspberries, mabulosi akuda, nightshade ndi mbewu zina.

Rasipiberi wakuthwa - gulugufe wokhala ndi mapiko pafupifupi 33 mm, mbozi zake zimawononga masamba a rasipiberi nthawi yotentha komanso yophukira

Mtundu wachiwiri ndi gumbwa rasipiberi. Gulugufe wokhala ndi mapiko achikasu achikasu, wokutidwa ndi mawanga. Mzere wavy wokhala ndi madontho m'mbali mwa mapiko. Miyoyo kuyambira August mpaka Okutobala. Khungubwi ndi imvi, bulauni, zowononga, jamu ndi zina zam'munda ndi zamtchire.

Chipumphu cha rasipiberi wagolide chimakhala ndi mapiko achikasu achikasu okhala ndi malo owoneka ngati bulauni, mbozi zake zimawononga rasipiberi, goosewidi ndi mbewu zina zolimidwa ndi zakutchire

Momwe mungathanirane ndi tizirombo rasipiberi

Pali njira zingapo zolimbana ndi tizirombo ta rasipiberi: ndimankhwala omwe ali ndi mankhwala apadera omwe amawononga tizilombo, njira zaulimi, komanso mankhwala azitsamba. Kusankhidwa kwa njira yolimbirana kumadalira zinthu zingapo, koma munthu ayenera kukumbukira kuti kupewa sikungopatsa chiyembekezo chilichonse.

Mitundu yazogulitsa tizilombo

Kuti muthane ndi tizirombo, rasipiberi, monga mbewu zina zilizonse zobzalidwa, amathanso kukonzekera pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi zida za mankhwala. Pakadali pano, pali kusankha kwakukulu.

Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zida zothandizira kubereka, popeza zimakhala zochepa poizoni kapena zotetezeka kwathunthu kwa anthu ndipo siziunjikira zipatso.

Chinsinsi cha njira yachilengedwe yolamulira tizirombo tomera timakhala tikugwiritsa ntchito chodabwitsa cha superparasitism kapena kutsutsana pakati pa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timene timakhala pazomera kapena m'nthaka yomwe ilipo chilengedwe. Tizilombo tosiyanasiyana ndi adani achilengedwe a tizilombo ndi nkhupakupa, pakati pawo ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, fungal ndi tizilombo ta matenda ndi tizilombo.

Bioinsecticides amagwira magulu a tizirombo, ndipo ma bioacaricides amachita ngati nkhupakupa. Pali mankhwala omwe amagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi tizilombo komanso nkhupakupa, amatchedwa safetoacaricides. Izi zikuphatikiza Actofit ndi Fitoverm. Chithandizo chomaliza chokhala ndi zinthu zachilengedwe chitha kuchitidwa nthawi yochepa tisanakolole. Zinthu zachilengedwe zimakhala ndi zovuta zake. Alumali moyo wawo ndi wochepa, mu mawonekedwe amadzimadzi amatha kusungidwa kuyambira milungu iwiri mpaka eyiti. Zimafunikanso malo osungirako apadera. Kuchulukana kwa chithandizo cha biologic kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala (tsiku lililonse la 7 mpaka 20 kutengera mankhwalawa), ndi zotupa zazikuluzikulu zimatha kukhala zopanda ntchito.

Popeza kukonzekera kwachilengedwe kumakhala kovutirapo kapena kopanda vuto lililonse kwa anthu, chithandizo chomaliza chitha kuchitidwa patatsala nthawi yochepa kuti nthawi yokolola ichitike

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo (amodzi mwa mitundu ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo) ndi othandiza kwambiri, komanso kotetezeka kwa anthu ndi nyama. Mitundu yambiri yamankhwala ndi oopsa kwambiri, chifukwa chake, mukamagwiritsa ntchito, ndikofunikira kutsatira mosamalitsa, ntchito ndi kusamala kotchulidwa mu malangizo. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala ali ndi nthawi yodikirira nthawi yayitali kuposa momwe amaleredwera; amatha kusiyanitsa masiku 20 mpaka 60, kutengera mankhwala.

Pochiza mbewu ndi mankhwala, njira zopewera chitetezo ziyenera kuonedwa ndipo mbewu zikuyenera kupopera nthawi yokhayo (poganizira nthawi yakudikirira)

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito raspberries kuchokera kuzomera

Ngati pakufunika kuthandizira ma raspberries kuchokera ku tizirombo, ndikofunikira kuyendetsa bwino mankhwala osankhidwa. Pali mitundu yambiri yabwino. Kuwonetsetsa kuteteza mbewu ku tizirombo komanso kupeza zinthu zotetezeka zaumoyo, zida zamankhwala ndi michere.

Ndikofunika kusankha mankhwala oyenera ophera tizilombo, musagwiritse ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ngati mutha kuyenderana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Kukonza ziyenera kuchitika panthawi yoyenera, apo ayi atha kukhala osagwira. Kalendala ya chithandizo imapangidwa malinga ndi gawo la nyengo yazomera.

Gome: Kukonzekera kwachilengedwe ndi mankhwala a rasipiberi kuwongolera tizilombo ndi nthawi yokonza

Kanema: Kulimbana Ndi Tizilombo Tofala Kwambiri

Momwe mungatetezere ma raspon ku zowonongeka za tizilombo

Njira zopewera panthawi yake za agrotechnical chilengedwe ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala azizilombo ambiri zimapewa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.

Njira zodzitchinjiriza

Mukabzala raspberries, muyenera kuganizira kuti singabzalidwe pambuyo pa sitiroberi zamtchire, mbatata ndi tomato chifukwa cha tizirombo wamba. Zomwe zimayambitsa kwambiri mbewuyi ndi letesi, sipinachi, anyezi a nthenga, radishi ndi beets.

Udindo wofunikira pakuwongolera tizilombo umaseweredwa ndi kulima kwa nyundo ya nyundo ya nyundo yophukira. Mukakonza, namsongole amawonongeka. Mitengo ina yoyipa ndi pupae imatembenukira kumtunda ndikufa pazinthu zosavomerezeka, pomwe gawo linalo limanunkhidwa mpaka kuya komwe satha kuthawa.

Nthaka yomwe inakumba nthawi ya nthawi yophukira imazizira nyengo yachisanu ndi kuzizira - chifukwa chake dzina la mankhusu limalima.

Njira zotsatirazi zodzitetezera zili pabwino:

• kusamalira bwino mbewu;
• udzu ulamuliro;
• kuwonda rasipiberi;
• kudula kwakanthawi ndi kuchotsedwa kwa zimayambira yambiri (atangopanga zipatso);
• kukolola ndi kuwotcha zinyalala za mitengo m'minda ya rasipiberi;
• mulching dothi pansi pa tchire lomwe lili ndi nkhungu (osachepera 8 cm) kuti tizirombo titha kukwiririka pansi;
• kudula zitsotso zowonongeka za raspberries ndi ma galls (owonongeka ndi mphukira ndulu ma midges ndi ma nutcrackers) ndikuwawotcha;
• kudula pang'ono (pafupi ndi nthaka osasiya stumps) kwa prolificated, komanso ofooka komanso underdeveloped zimayambira owonongeka ndi njenjete impso;
• Kudula ndi kuyaka nsabwe za m'masamba zopezeka ndi nsabwe;
• kusonkhanitsa ndi kuwotcha masamba owonongeka ndi mazira ndi mphutsi za weevil;
• kudula mwatsatanetsatane ndi kuwotcha kokufa kwazinthu zomwe zimawonongeka ndi ntchentche za rasipiberi;
• kugwedeza tchire la zofukiza ndi kafadala ka rasipiberi pa nsalu kapena zishonje za miyala kapena maukonde;
• kukolola rasipiberi mchidebe, kukakidwa mkati mwa chinsalu, ndikutsatira kuwonongedwa kwa mphutsi zonse za kachilombo rasipiberi zomwe zimatuluka zipatso ndi kukhalabe pansi pa chidebe;
• kugwira scoop pogwiritsa ntchito misampha yowunikira ndikusaka muli mumtsuko wamafuta onunkhira;
• kubzala tizirombo tosakhazikika monga calendula, marigolds, adyo, katsabola ndi ena m'mitundu yambiri ya raspberries.

Zithandizo za anthu

Zosavulaza kwenikweni ndizogwiritsa ntchito "maphikidwe agogo" a raspberries oyang'anira tizilombo. Pali njira zambiri zothandizira anthu, koma tebulo limawonetsa otchuka kwambiri.

Gome: wowerengeka azitsamba kwa rasipiberi tizilombo taonthani

Kupeza zokolola zabwino komanso zambiri zokhazikika za rasipiberi ndizotheka pokhapokha pokhazikitsa dongosolo mwadongosolo. Ndikofunikira kuphunzira momwe mungawerengere moyenera kuchuluka kwa chiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo ndi kusankha njira zabwino kwambiri zolimbana nazo. Ngati mungathe kudutsa ndi wowerengeka azitsamba, njira zaulimi kapena zamatsenga, musagwiritse ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Njira zopewera panthawi yake zidzakuthandizani kuti muthe kukolola bwino zinthu zachilengedwe.