Momwe mungapangire mpweya wabwino mu kalulu ndi manja anu

Akalulu ndi nyama zoyera. Kukhala panja mumabwinja, amakumba nthambi yapadera pamagulu a ntchito zawo zofunika kwambiri, zomwe amaziika. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, mu dzenje la kalulu mumakhala ndi thanzi labwino, lopangidwa ndi mpweya wabwino, womwe umakhalapo chifukwa cha kukhalapo kolowera. Mu nyama ya kalulu, zinyama zimakhala pa chifundo cha munthu, yemwe chilengedwe cha mulingo woyenera kwambiri wa kukhalapo kwa nyama m'nyumba zawo chimadalira. Momwe mungakwaniritsire izi, ndipo nkhaniyo ikupitirira.

Zamkatimu:

• Mavuto abwino (microclimate) a akalulu
• Kutentha kwa mpweya ndi chinyezi
• Kuthamanga kwa mpweya (palibe ma drafts)
• Kupanga kwa mpweya
• Mitundu ya zipangizo zopumira mpweya m'chipinda
• Zachilengedwe (zozizwitsa)
• Zopangira (zamphamvu)
• Momwe mungadzipangire kuti mupange mpweya wabwino mu kalulu
• Kupanga dongosolo la mpweya wabwino
• Zida ndi zipangizo
• Mapangidwe opanga
• Ndemanga

Kodi mpweya wabwino ndi wotani?

Udzu wa akalulu ndi wosasuntha ndipo pansi pazikhalidwe zimangouma pamlengalenga popanda kuwonongeka, zomwe sizili choncho ndi mkodzo. Kalulu wake amapereka tsiku lililonse kuyambira 180 mpaka 440 ml, malingana ndi msinkhu komanso kubala. Pakati pazinthu zina, imakhala ndi 130 mpaka 160 mg ya nitrojeni ndi 16 mpaka 26 mg sulfure.

Mosiyana ndi chikhalidwe cha chilengedwe, kumene zinyalala ndi mkodzo zili pansi padera, akalulu amatha kusakanikirana ndipo potero amachititsa ntchito ya mabakiteriya, omwe mwamsanga amasandutsa madzi osungunuka ku chirichonse chimene sichimununkhira:

• ammonia;
• methane;
• hydrogen sulfide;
• kadaverina;
• carbon dioxide;
• indole;
• chithunzi;
• posachedwa;
• mercaptans.

Kusamala kwambiri kumayenera kulipidwa kwa akalulu odzala zomera mogwirizana ndi njira ya Mikhailov ndi dzenje.

Kuwonjezera pa iwo, tizigawo ting'onoting'ono tambiri timapangidwira m'zinthu zowonongeka zomwe zimagwera pa zamoyo za kalulu. Ndipo zikuwonekeratu kuti nkofunikira bwanji mpweya wabwino mu kalulu.

Momwe mungalekanitse akalulu a umkodzo ndi manyowa: kanema

Mavuto abwino (microclimate) a akalulu

Kuwonjezera pa chiyero cha mlengalengalenga, kuti apange mulingo woyenera kwambiri wa microclimate mu kalulu, nkofunikira:

• zofunikira kutentha;
• msinkhu wachinyezi;
• kusowa kwazithunzi.

Phunzirani za ukhondo wa kalulu, kutentha kwambiri kwa kalulu, momwe mungasunge akalulu m'nyengo yozizira kunja.

Kutentha kwa mpweya ndi chinyezi

Akalulu a m'kati amachepetsa kukula kwawo ngati kutentha m'zipindazi kumadutsa pansi + madigiri 16. Ngakhale kuti amatha kulimbana ndi kutentha, koma ndi nyama zomwe zimangopulumuka, ndipo musakule ndi kulemera, zomwe zilipo.

Chinyezi cha mlengalenga, chomwe chiri chabwino kwambiri kwa iwo mu 60-75%, n'chofunika kwambiri kwa moyo wa kalulu. Chinyezi chakuchepa, komanso chinyezi chakuda, sichisokoneza nyamazi.

Choncho, chinyezi mu chipinda chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse mothandizidwa ndi psychrometer, yomwe imayambitsa kutentha kwa kalulu.

Ndikofunikira! Makamaka zosamvetsetseka kwa akalulu ndi dampness mu kalulu.

Kuthamanga kwa mpweya (palibe ma drafts)

Zowopsa kwambiri kwa zolengedwazi ndi zojambulazo, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuti akalulu azipewa. Kuthamanga kwabwino kwa kayendedwe ka mpweya mkati mwawo sikuyenera kupitirira 0,3 mamita pamphindi. Kuwonjezera pa mlingo umenewu kungachititse kuti kuzizira kuzifalikira.

Kupanga kwa mpweya

Maluwa atsopano amathandizira kuti zinyama zikhale bwino ndi kukula kwawo. Akatswiri apeza kuti pa kilogalamu iliyonse ya kulemera kwa munthu aliyense pa kalulu m'nyengo yozizira ayenera kukhala osachepera mamita atatu a mpweya woyera, ndipo mu chilimwe - pafupifupi masentimita asanu.

Mitundu ya zipangizo zopumira mpweya m'chipinda

Mphepo yatsopano imatha kulowa m'khola la kalulu kaya mwachibadwa, kutanthauza mphamvu yokoka pogwiritsa ntchito mabowo, kapena kuponderezedwa ndi jekeseni kapena kuyamwa ndi zipangizo zapadera monga fan.

Zachilengedwe (zozizwitsa)

Mpweya wabwino, umene mpweya umalowa m'kamwa mwa mphamvu yokoka, ndi wotsika mtengo ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zipinda zing'onozing'ono zopanda mamita 8. Zimapangidwa ndi kayendedwe ka mpweya m'makoma ndi padenga la chipinda chomwe chili pamagulu osiyanasiyana, chifukwa chakuti mpweya umapangidwira chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa kutentha ndi kutentha pamwamba ndi pansi.

Mukudziwa? Kalulu ndi chimodzi mwa zinyama za kalendala ya Chinese. Ku Vietnam, adalowetsedwa ndi mphaka, chifukwa gawo la dzikoli silinapeze akalulu.

M'chilimwe, pamene mphepo zonse zimatsegulidwa, komanso zitseko ndi mawindo, kuti asapeze zidole, izi zimachitika kokha mbali imodzi ya chipindacho.

Zopangira (zamphamvu)

Mpweya wotsegula mpweya, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa mpweya m'mimba kapena kalulu, umakhala wotsika kwambiri, chifukwa ukufuna kugula ndi kuyika magetsi, komanso kugula magetsi omwe amadya nawo.

Koma ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito, amalola bwino kusintha njira yowonjezera mpweya, ndi bwino kuphatikizapo njira yotenthetsa mpweya ndi kuyeretsedwa kwake.

Momwe mungadzipangire kuti mupange mpweya wabwino mu kalulu

Chipangizo chopangira mpweya wabwino sichifuna ndalama zazikulu ndi khama. Ndikoyenera kukumbukira kuti, mwachitsanzo, hydrogen sulfide ndi carbon dioxide, kukhala wolemerera kuposa mpweya, kudziunjikira pafupi ndi chipinda cha chipinda, ndi ammonia, yomwe ndi yowala kuposa mpweya, imakwera pamwamba. Chinthu chomwecho chimachitika ndi mphepo yozizira komanso yotentha, motero. Choncho, pomanga mabowo a mpweya wabwino, izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa.

Kupanga njira yowonjezera mpweya kumafuna ndalama zambiri ndi khama.

Ndikofunikira! Mulimonsemo sikutheka kuchepetsa kuthetsa nthawi yowonongeka kwa zinyama za kalulu.

Kupanga dongosolo la mpweya wabwino

Pofuna kupanga mapulogalamu ogwiritsira ntchito mpweya wabwino ndipo ali ndi chiopsezo chochepa cha akalulu chifukwa cha zojambulajambula, chiwerengero cha chipinda, chiwerengero cha zinyama zomwe zili mmenemo ndi chaka chilichonse, komanso kutentha kwapakati ndi kotsika m'dera lino ziyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi mtundu wa mpweya wabwino magetsi, magetsi amphamvu komanso firiji. Mpweya wotsekemera mu famu yaikulu ya kalulu

Zida ndi zipangizo

Pakuti chipangizo chokhala ndi mpweya wokhala ndi mpweya wokakamizidwa ndizofunikira:

• Wopupa wachitsulo wokhala ndi mamita a cubic 180 pa ora;
• anemostat ndi mamita 20 cm;
• choyimira;
• 3 aluminium omwe amapangidwa ndi mapaipi okhala ndi mamita 12.5;
• mapulogalamu apulasitiki;
• payipi;

Onetsetsani zomwe mungachite kuti zitsulo zakululu zamalonda zikhale zogwirira ntchito.

• zojambula zokha;
• bondo la pulasitiki;
• fufuzani;
• pulasitiki ya pulasitiki yokhala ndi madigiri 12 cm ndi kutalika kwa 50 cm;
• chipangizo chotentha cha mtundu uliwonse ndi mphamvu yokwanira kutentha kwa malo.

Mapangidwe opanga

Kuti mukonze kalulu wodzitetezera, muyenera:

1. Pogwiritsa ntchito perforator, dzenje dzenje pamtunda wa masentimita 40 kuchokera pansi.
2. Ikani anemostat mmenemo kuti mutenge kunja kuchokera kunja ndikuweruzirani zomwe zimaperekedwa.
3. Pamwamba pa chipinda chonse m'kati mwake, pogwiritsira ntchito ziphuphu, kujambula zitsulo zopangidwa ndi aluminiyumu zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mapaipi, kulumikizana kwa wina ndi mzake pogwiritsa ntchito mapepala apulasitiki. Pachifukwa ichi, chingwe chachitatu cha ma tees chiyenera kutsogoleredwa pansi.
4. Mmodzi mwa mapeto a chigamulocho amachokera panja mkati mwa chipinda, ndipo chachiwiri chikugwirizanitsidwa ndi bendula la pulasitiki.
5. Penje limapangidwa pakhoma la chipinda moyang'anizana nalo.
6. Pulasitiki ya pulasitiki imayikidwa mmenemo ndipo imayikidwa ndi yankho.
7. Kumbali imodzi, mawondo amaikidwa pambali pake, ndipo pamzake, kunja kwake, mawotchi amalowetsedwa mu chitoliro, chimene chimayang'ana kunja.
8. Kutalikirana ndi anemostat ndi mpweya wotentha ngati ng'anjo kapena magetsi.

Momwe mungapangire mpweya wokhala ndi kalulu: kanema Ndipotu, m'dongosolo lino, mpweyawo sungalowetse mpweya m'chipinda, koma umachichotsa pamenepo, ndipo umapangitsa kupanikizika kwapakati mkati mwa kalulu. Chifukwa cha ichi, kuthamanga kwa mlengalenga kumayambitsa kunja kwa mpweya kudzera mu anemostat. Kumeneko, pamapeto pake, kumangokhala mpweya wokakamizidwa kupita kuchipinda.

Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti mumapangidwe amenewa, mlengalenga, kulowa m'chipinda kudzera mu anemostat, imadutsa ndi moto wotentha ngati ng'anjo yaing'ono. Sitovu ikhoza kusinthidwa ndi mpweya wamagetsi, koma mulimonsemo, m'nyengo yozizira, mpweya wozizira kunja ukutentha usanalowe m'chipindamo.

Mukudziwa? Mpweya wabwino umagwiritsidwa ntchito osati ndi anthu okha, komanso ndi tizilombo. Kutentha, gulu la njuchi mumng'oma wa njuchi limangoganizira kuti nthawi zonse amakankhira mpweya m'nyumba zawo ndi mapiko awo.

Zotsatira zake ndi njira yosavuta, yotsika mtengo komanso yotsika mtengo, yomwe imapanga mpweya wabwino, koma, ngati n'kofunikira, Kutentha ndi kuyanika kalulu.

Mpweya wabwino kwa akalulu oyera ndi chitsimikizo cha thanzi lawo komanso kukhala ndi moyo wabwino. Kudziwa izi, obereketsa akalulu samadziwa konse za pulogalamu ya mpweya wathanzi, omwe amalandira kukula, kulemera kwa thupi ndi ana a ma ward awo.

Zinsinsi za chipangizochi ndipamwamba kwambiri microclimate mu kalulu: kanema

Ndemanga