Ma chimbudzi - maluwa okazinga m'munda wanu

Duwa la limiredes limachokera ku North America, dzina la chomera lidapangidwa ndi achi Greek (limatanthawuza "kuyenderera mu dzenje lachinyere"), ndipo kusangalatsa kosayerekezereka ndi kosayenera ndi kufananiza ndi mazira obowola (chifukwa cha chikasu chapakati ndi choyera) zidachitika ku Britain. Ogwira maluwa komanso okhala ku chirimwe ku Russia adaphunzirapo za maulemu osati kalekale, koma adathokoza kale kukongoletsa kwake komanso chisamaliro chosachepera.

Kodi maluwa ndi chiyani?

Amereka ndi pachaka, oimira banja la limanthus. Mitundu yake yayikulu imatchedwa Douglas limantes, yotchedwa "msodzi wotchuka" waku Scotland, David Douglas, yemwe adalemeretsa masamba aku Europe ndi mitundu mazana awiri yosadziwika mpaka pano ndipo adamwalira pomutumiza iye ali ndi zaka 35.

Kutalika kwa mtengowu kumayambira masentimita 20 mpaka 30. Zimayambira ndi zowongoka, koma zimakhala ndi "malo abodza", chifukwa zimayimba nthambi mwamphamvu. Izi zimapereka mwayi kwa amisili kukwaniritsa udindo wachikhalidwe chophimba pansi. Zambiri mwazomera izi ndizowoneka bwino chifukwa cha masamba ake okongola, pomwe malembewo amakhala ndi maluwa kutsogolo. Ang'ono, masentimita atatu, amawoneka pamitengo yambiri kotero kuti nthawi zina amaphimba masamba. Kuphatikiza apo, chitsamba chilichonse chimatha kukhala mozungulira mozungulira momwe mulifupi mwake masentimita 45. onani

Maluwa - pamakhala malilime asanu aliyense, kuphatikiza fungo lokoma lomwe limatulutsa agulugufe ndi njuchi. Mtundu wachikhalidwe uli ngati mazira okazinga, koma pali mitundu ya mitundu yapadera yachikasu kapena yoyera, yocheperako kwambiri yapinki kapena yamtundu wina wamitengo. Mphukira yoyamba kutseguka mu June, maluwa amatha kumapeto kwa yophukira. Masamba - openwork feathery, kuwala kobiriwira. Mbewu zipsa mu Ogasiti. Amisili sachita mantha ndi mapapu, mpaka -3 ° С, chisanu.

Ngakhale kuti dzina la duwa limasonyezeratu kuti limatsatira kale chinyezi, silikonda kukula dothi louma. Mwachilengedwe, ma machesi amapezeka zigwa zamapiri, pomwe chinyezi chowonjezereka chimakhala ngati nyengo yachisanu komanso koyambirira kwa nyengo yotentha, komabe, nthawi yomwe duwa limakula limapezeka nthawi zambiri m'miyezi youma ndi mvula yomwe sikugwa mvula, ndipo mikhalidwe iyi ndi yokhutiritsa. Chifukwa chake, kungakhale kulakwitsa kugawa ma limiredesa m'munda kapena m'khola lanyumba lamalo omwe madzi amayandama kwa nthawi yayitali.

Zosiyanasiyana maimelo okhala ndi chithunzi

Duwa limasiyana mitundu yayikulu ya mitundu. M'masitolo apadera aku Russia, Douglas limantes nthawi zambiri imayimiriridwa ndi mitundu: limnius Lucia ndi lim Leses Solnyshko. Zonsezi, ndi zinzake - "dzira" lapakale. Ma inflorescence amodzi amapangidwa mu axils masamba. Maluwa amapitilira chilimwe chonse.

Mwa mitundu ina yachilendo:

1. Limilies Nivea. Imapezeka m'malo achilengedwe kumpoto kwa California, kumapiri. Duwa ili ndi miyala yoyera yoyera.
   
   

   Mwachilengedwe, Nivea imamera m'mapiri a m'mphepete kumpoto kwa California.

2. Limie Rosie. Imapezeka zachilengedwe ku zigwa zaku California. Chizindikiro cha maluwa ndi mitsempha ya pinki pamiyala yoyera ya pamakhala.
   

   Rosie wocheperako amakonda kumera munthambi pafupi ndi mitsinje

3. Limimiaes Sulfria. Amakongoletsa madera akumphepete mwa nyanja pafupi ndi San Francisco. Mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana iyi ndi yachikaso.
   

   Dzina lachiwiri la limantes a Sulfria - phula chithovu, pennik

4. Wamakola Striata. Ikupezeka kuthengo ku Sierra Nevada, m'malo onyowa. Mumtunduwo muli mitundu yachikaso ndi yoyera. Chochititsa chidwi ndi tsinde lokhazikika kwambiri.
   

   Amuna ochepa striata amawona ngati vuto kunyumba
5. Limilies Alba. Wobadwa ku California, wopezeka ku Russia. M'malo achilengedwe amakonda ma mead, chifukwa chake adalandira "meadow pennik". Maluwawo ndi oyera, thunthu limakhala lotalika masentimita 30. Chomera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mafuta odzola.
   

   Zomwe mitundu ya Alba imalola kuti zizigwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zodzola

6. Limoneyes Maconey. Imapezeka ku Canada, m'chigawo cha British Columbia, koma ndizosowa kwambiri kotero kuti imaphatikizidwa m'kaundula wa mbewu zomwe zikuwopsezedwa kuti ziwonongedwe kwathunthu.

Ntchito mbali pamangidwe ndi ntchito

Ma Lymantheses amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu ndi opanga mawonekedwe a malo kukongoletsa madera akutali. Tchire tating'ono, tokhala ndi maluwa owongoka bwino, ndife ofunika kwambiri pamtunda, pabedi lamaluwa, pafupi ndi njira za phula. Mtengowo ndi woyenera kumapiri a mapiri, miyala yamiyala, m'malire, pomwe nthawi zambiri amadzatenga malowo "kutsogolo" kwa kapangidwe kake.

Ma Limantes amawoneka bwino mumbale zosiyanasiyana - timachubu, miphika, zojambula zoyambirira zopangidwa kuchokera matayala agalimoto kapena mabasiketi. Pomapachika mitengo, miphika ndi maluwa ambiri, mbewuyi imakula ngati chikhalidwe chopambana. Zosankha zambiri zimalola wopanga kuyesa, kupanga ndi maelemu osati malo okha, komanso makonde, ma verandas, malo opangira malo.

Chomera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala limodzi, komanso koyandikana ndi mbewu zina. Pamabedi amaluwa, abwenzi abwino ndi awa:

• escholzias
• nemophiles
• lobelia
• mbalame yazing'ono,
• daisi wamkulu
• brachycoma
• Chiheberi.

Okonza amalingalira mtundu wopambana kwambiri wamtunduwu kukhala kuphatikiza kwamtambo wamtambo-wachikaso ndi utoto wowala, wabuluu, burgundy ndi mitundu ofiira.

Momwe mungakulire kuchokera ku mbewu: malangizo a pang'onopang'ono, malangizo, zinsinsi

Monga zolemba zina zakale, ma nthambi opangidwa kuchokera ku mbewu - amabzalidwa panthaka (pamaluwa amaluwa, m'malo owerengetsera maluwa) kapena mbande ndizobzala kale.

Kulima mbewu

Nthawi zambiri timagulitsa nthangala za limantes Lucius, Dzuwa popanda dzina linalake

Ngati njira yoyamba yobzala yasankhidwa, nthaka yoyamba kukonzekereratu njere. Ndibwino ngati mukuterera kapena masamba ngati osakanizidwa ndi mchenga. Kusintha chonde, kuwonjezera humus musanabzale sikupweteka. Malo osankhidwa amamasulidwa ndikuwanyowa. Kenako pangani mabowo okhala ndi kuya kwa 2 cm motalikirana ndi 10-15 cm kuchokera kwa wina. Izi zimalola kutsogoloku kuti mupeze zamaluwa okhazikika.

Mbeu zitatu zimatsitsidwa mchitsime chilichonse, ndikukumbukira kuti si onse omwe angamere - ogulitsa mbewu samapereka chitsimikizo pa 100 ichi.

M'masiku otsatirawa, malo obzala amayang'aniridwa: kuti mbewu zitaphukira, nthaka siyenera kupukuta. Ngati zonse zachitika molondola, zikumera zimatuluka m'nthawi ya milungu iwiri.

Ponena za masiku obzala, kwa zigawo zapakati pa Russia ili ndi theka lachiwiri la Meyi. Koma, popeza chaka ndi chaka sichofunikira, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana kuzizira za kutentha: kumera kwa limantes, nthaka iyenera kutenthetsedwa mpaka +10, + 15 ° С.

Anthu okhala muchilimwe omwe asankha kufulumizitsa njirayo pofesa mbewu mu Epulo ayenera kusamalira chitetezo chawo. Zitha kukhala, mwachitsanzo, zigawo zingapo za spunbond kapena lutrasil zotambasulidwa pabedi la maluwa. Pogona sichitha kuchotsedwa ngakhale chitamera, ndikuthirira kudzera mwa iwo. Ndikofunika kudikirira mpaka nyengo yotentha ikhazikike, kenako chotsani zoteteza.

Momwe mungabzalire mbande

Mbande zocheperazo zingabzalidwe ngakhale musanakhale maluwa

Njira yachiwiri, ndi kubzala kwa mbande kwa njere, kungafunike kuyesetsa kowonjezera, koma kudzapereka chitsimikizo. Kubzala mbewu kumapeto kwa Marichi kapena kumayambiriro kwa Epulo, mutha kulimba, mbande zolimba kale ndi masamba (!) Ndikuzibzala pamabedi a maluwa mu Meyi ndi transshipment.

Kuti tipewe kugwiranso ntchito kwakanthawi komanso kosavomerezeka kwa mbewu zazing'ono, ndikofunikira kuti chitsamba chilichonse chimakula pachidebe china (mwachitsanzo, mugalasi la pulasitiki). Umu ndi momwe mungakulire mbandezo sitepe ndi sitepe:

1. Tengani zotengera zazing'ono "payekha" ndi pallet yakuya momwe angaikemo.
2. Dzazani akasinja ndi nthaka yachonde.
3. Mbewu zitatu zimayikidwa mu chilichonse, ndikuzikula ndi 1 mm.
4. Thirirani dothi ndi yankho lomwe limakhala ndi Zircon kapena Epin zokupatsani mphamvu (kutentha kwake kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 20 20 C).
5. Pallet imakutidwa ndi zinthu zoteteza monga spunbond.

Kodi chofunikira ndi chiyani kuti mbeu imere bwino? Chipinda chofunda mokwanira (kutentha -2 ° C chomera chamtsogolo sichitha kupirira), chonyowa chokhazikika, chosasunthika (motero ndikosavuta kuthira madzi mu pallet). Palibenso chifukwa chowunikira mpaka nthawi isinthe. Koma zikamera zikatuluka, ndibwino kuyiyika pallet pawindo lowoneka bwino, ndipo nyengo ikavomera, itengereni mumsewu kuti mulimbitse mbewuzo.

Chidwi: Mbeu zofesedwa kunyumba zimamera mofulumira kuposa panthaka, pafupifupi nthawi ziwiri - mbande zimawonekera kale pamasiku a 5-7.

Achinyamata ali ndi chinsinsi chomwe chingakondweretse anthu okhala chilimwe. Chomera chimafalikira bwino podzilimitsa. Chifukwa chake, mutagwira ntchito kubzala kasupe wina, chaka chamawa mutha kuyembekezera kuti duwa lidzagwira ntchito molimbika m'malo mwanu - maluwa ndi mawonekedwe ake amakongoletsedwanso ndi chomera chokongola ichi.

Za mbewu zomwe zinagulidwa kapena zosungidwa payekha ndi wosamalira dimba, moyo wawo wa alumali nthawi zambiri amakhala zaka zitatu.

Malangizo: Alimi olima maluwa amabzala mbewu m'mwezi wa June, izi zimapangitsa kuti nthawi zonse maluwa azikhazikika bwino.

Kodi mbewu ikufunika chisamaliro chotani?

Ma lime ndi chomera chotchuka cha uchi, chifukwa chake njuchi zimakonda kwambiri

Ma Limntyes samakhala osasangalatsa: ndioyenera pafupifupi dziko lililonse (mchenga, pang'ono zamchere, acidic pang'ono, loam lolemera) ndikukonzanso pang'ono. Kodi chingalepheretse kukula ndi maluwa? Kuperewera kwa dzuwa ndi mavuto ndi madzi (pankhaniyi timafunikira malo apakati - kuwuma kwambiri dothi komanso kubowoletsa madzi kwambiri ndizovulaza mmera).

Nawa malingaliro ena osamalira:

• mitengo yobzala itayamba kubisidwa ndi zitsamba ndi mitengo yopitilira muyeso, nthambi zake zizidulidwa;
• mulching (ndi utuchi, udzu), womwe unachitika mutangofesa mbande, mudzateteza mizu kuti isazungulidwe ndi madzi oundana, ndikudzigwetsa yokha pamsongole ndikudula nthaka;
• kuthirira kumayenera kukhala kwachizolowezi (makamaka kutentha), mutha kugwiritsa ntchito sapota yamadzi;
• maluwa owuma ayenera kuchotsedwa - izi zimapatsa mbewuzo mawonekedwe abwino ndikuthandizira kuoneka kwa masamba atsopano;
• Kuwala kwamaluwa kumathandizidwa ndi kuyambitsidwa kwa feteleza zovuta kamodzi pamwezi.

Ponena za tizirombo ndi matenda, ili siliri vuto lalikulu kwambiri kwa ma mondomu, "chitetezo chake" chilimba. Komabe, chifukwa chosayenda madzi, chitsamba chitha kukhudzidwa ndi bowa. Izi zikachitika, "wogwiridwayo", tsoka, ayenera kuchotsedwa kuti mbewu yoyandikana nayo isadwale, ndikuchita mankhwalawa.

Ochepera amatha kukhutiritsa zokonda zomwe zimafuna kwambiri: kuchuluka kwa maluwa otsimikizira amoyo - maluwa achikasu ndi oyera oyera - zimapangitsa malowa kukhala okongola pafupifupi nthawi yonse ya chilimwe. Ndikofunikira kuti "mphamvu" ya mbewu yanu ikhale yothandizidwa ndi chisamaliro choyenera, chisamaliro cha anthu chodzala.