Levka ndi zitsamba zokongoletsera zokoma, zomwe kwazaka zambiri zakhala zokongoletsedwa ndi mapaki ndi minda. Maluwa ake amitundu yosiyanasiyana amakhala ofanana ndi nkhalango ya violet. Levka ikhoza kukhala chomera chimodzi, chachiwiri kapena chosatha, levkoy yoposa makumi awiri.
Kukula kwa lewkoy kupyolera mu mbande
Choncho, kumanzere ndi munda wokongola kapena paki, nthawi zambiri wamkulu amakhala wofiirira, omwe wamaluwa ambiri amadziwa mattiola. Chomeracho chimafalitsa kokha ndi njira ya mbewu, koma idadyedwa kuti abzalitse mbewu yomweyo pamtunda, maluwa adzachitika patatha miyezi itatu. Choncho, ndi bwino kukula kukula kwausist seedling njira.
Pamene kubzala pa mbande
Zaka khumi zachiwiri za March ndi nthawi yabwino yomwe mungathe kubzala Levkan ku mbande. Osati mochedwa kubzala kumapeto kwa March - oyambirira April.
Mukudziwa? Pakati pa zaka za m'ma Middle Ages, usiku umatchedwa - mattiol unali wofunika kwambiri kuposa zomera zokongola za kakombo kapena maluwa. Kuwonjezera pa kukongola kwa maluwa ndi fungo lokoma, mattiola analikulima monga mankhwala chomera. Masiku ano, wamaluwa ambiri amamera Mattiolu-Levkoy pafupi ndi mbatata: maluwa amenewa amawopsyeza kachilomboka ka Colorado mbatata.
Mbewu yokonzekera musanadzalemo
Musanadzalemo, mbewu imathiridwa maola 24 m'madzi otentha, ndiye, pamene yatupa, atakulungidwa mu nsalu yonyowa. Pogwiritsa ntchito ndondomeko ya stratification, mbewu, popanda kuzichotsa pa chophimba, zimasungidwa pazamulo zapafupi za firiji masiku atatu kapena anayi. Njirayi imathandiza mbeu kukwera kale. 
Dothi la kukula mbande
Musanafese kumanzere, ndibwino kuti muwononge nthaka: masiku atatu musanayambe kufesa, yikani ndi njira yothetsera potassium permanganate. Musanafese nthaka muyenera kuuma, koma sayenera kukhala youma kwambiri, mukhoza kuyisakaniza ndi sprayer. Kufesa mbande kukonzekera chisakanizo cha magawo atatu a malo a sod ndi gawo la mchenga. Ndibwino kuti mufese kufesa muzitsulo zochepa, samatenga malo ambiri.
Kufesa mbewu za mbande
Pofesa, mbewu zimayikidwa kwa theka la sentimita, mtunda wa pakati pawo umachokera ku masentimita imodzi ndi theka, kotero kuti patapita nthawi mbande sizingasokoneze wina ndi mzake ndipo zimakhala zophweka kulowa m'miphika yosiyana.
Zomwe zimafesa mbeu
Chidebe chodzala chophimba kumapeto chimakhala ndi galasi kapena filimu, kupanga chowunikira chaching'ono: kumera kuchokera ku mbewu kumafuna zinthu zina. Anagwiritsidwa ntchito kufesa asanayambe kumera m'malo amdima pamtentha wa madigiri 20 Celsius, pomwe sali madzi. Kuwombera kumawonekera masiku 4 kapena asanu. Koma zimachitika kuti muyenera kuyembekezera masabata awiri. 
Kusamalira mmera
Kumbuyo mbande za levkoy pa kulima kusamalira n'kofunika. Mwamsanga zikangoyamba, chidebecho chimasunthira pamalo abwino, filimuyo imachotsedwa, ndipo kutentha kwa zomwe zilipo ziyenera kukhala pafupifupi madigiri 12 Celsius, osati apamwamba. Pazinthu izi, khonde lokongola lamoto kapena piritsi losasunthika. Kuthirira koyamba kumachitika masiku awiri pambuyo pa kumera. Patapita milungu iwiri, mbande zikuluzikulu zimathamangira miphika yosiyana (kuthira pansi). Nthaka imapangidwa kuchokera ku mchenga, nkhuni ndi tsamba lapansi 1: 2: 2. Ngati pali masamba awiri amphamvu, yambani kudya koyamba. Sulfuric zinki ndi manganese (0.1 g), mkuwa sulphate ndi boric asidi (0,3 g) amasungunuka mu lita imodzi ya madzi.
Mbeu zovuta
Musanadzalemo lewkoy muzowera pansi mbande ayenera kuumitsa. Kuti muchite izi, mu chipinda chomwe muli mbande, zenera kapena zenera zimatsegulidwa, choyamba kwa mphindi zingapo, pang'onopang'ono nthawi yovuta imakula. Zotsatira zake, mawindo amakhalabe otseguka nthawi zonse. Yambani kukwaniritsa njira yovuta ya masiku 12-14 musanaikidwe pamalo opunthira. 
Kuyala mbande za lewkoy pamtunda
Chotsalira - chomera ichi cha banja la cruciferous, musabzale pamalo pomwe anthu ena a m'banja lino amakula. Kufika kwanu kungadwale ndi nthiti kapena mdima wakuda - matenda ambiri a m'banja.
Nthawi yobzala mbande pansi
Pa nthaka yotseguka, mbande zimaikidwa mu May, m'zaka khumi za mwezi. Ndibwino kuti tichite zimenezi madzulo mumvula. Mitengo yatsopano yomwe idabzalidwa, dzuwa lingakhale loopsa.
Malo okula
Kulima bwino levkoy kumadalira bwino kubzala ndi kusamalira nthawi yake. Chimodzi mwazifukwa zoyendetsa bwino ndi kusankha malo abwino. Malo a chomera ayenera kuyatsa ndi kutetezedwa ku zojambula. Nthaka ndi yabwino kwambiri yachonde, yothira bwino, yopanda ndale.
Ndikofunikira! Udzu wa udzu musanabzala umafunika pokhapokha ngati nthaka yatha.
Kubzala mbande
Kwa mbande za kumanzere, maenje ali okonzeka ofanana ndi mizu ya mbewu. Mitsuko imatsanulidwa ndi madzi, idabzala mbande molunjika, imagona ndikugona. Mitengoyi imakhala pansi, ndipo imakhala ndi mtunda umodzi, pakati pamtunda ndi masentimita makumi atatu.
Kulima ndi kusamalira
Kodi kukula kuchokera mbande levkoy chomera chodzaza? Levka ndi chomera chodabwitsa chodzichepetsa, chisamaliro chake chimachepetsedwa.
Nthawi zonse ndi kuchuluka kwa ulimi wothirira
Mukamwetsa chomera, chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndi kusunga malo apakati: musadwale kwambiri ndipo musamamwe. Kuti musasokoneze, m'pofunika kuyang'ana pamwamba pa nthaka kuti masentimita asanu ndi awiri, ngati wouma, madzi, koma moyenera. Ndi mvula kawirikawiri, kuthirira kuchepa, popanda mphepo - kuwonjezeka.
Kupalira ndi kumasula chiwembucho
Pambuyo kuthirira, m'pofunika kumasula nthaka kuti ikhale yodzaza ndi mpweya. Kuweta ndi kotheka, namsongole amachititsa kuti chikhalidwe chisawonongeke, kukopa zakudya ndi chinyezi m'nthaka.
Feteleza
Amagwira ntchito ya Levkoy molakwika, chinthu chokhacho chimene chomeracho chimalandira phulusa. Pamene mukudyetsa, ndi bwino kupatsa mchere wogwiritsa bwino ntchito mchere. M'chaka - pokhala ndi nayitrogeni, m'chilimwe bwino maluwa - potaziyamu-phosphorous mankhwala. 
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi matenda omwe amatsutsana nawo
Matenda owopsa kwambiri a Mattiola lewkoy ndi utitiri wopambana. Kuchokera ku tizilombo tating'ono tingathandize kuthana ndi phulusa (katatu kapena zinayi). Muyenera kuchiza mbeu zonse. Ngati pali tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (Aktara, Decis).
Kuteteza matenda kumachitika musanafese mbewu: nthaka ya mbande imathandizidwa ndi yankho la manganese. Pankhani ya zizindikiro za matenda mumsinkhu wamkulu, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito fungicides (Fitosporin-M, Baktofit).
Nthawi yosonkhanitsa ndi kusunga mbewu za levkoy
Kumapeto kwa September - kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa October, mbewu za leukowa zipse. Mbeu zobiriwira za mbeu zidzakhala pamene ziboda zimasanduka bulauni. Ngati chomera chaka chotsalira, mukhoza kutulutsa chitsamba chokhala ndi mizu ndikuchiyika kuti chiume, ndipo pamene nyembazo zouma, zitsani mbewu. Ngati muli ndi mattiola osatha, muyenera kuthyola nyembazo.
Ndikofunikira! Mukakolola nyemba zam'mimba ndi mbewu za lewkoy-mattiola, muyenera kusamala: nyemba zambewu ndi zochepa ndipo zimakhala ngati mapesi.
Ndibwino kuti uume nyembazo kuchokera ku nyembazo, ndi kuziyika mu mapepala kapena mapepala. Sungani mbewu mpaka masika wotsatira mu malo amdima.
Kukonzekera osatha levkoev m'nyengo yozizira
Kumadera akum'mwera ndi nyengo yozizira, lewkos amakhala bwino m'nyengo yozizira. Ndibwino kuti muzidula zimayambira ndi masamba, ndipo muzu wokhala bwino mungapitirize kuwonongeka ndi kumasula mphukira zatsopano kumapeto. Dulani chomeracho ndi mandimu, nthambi za spruce kapena agrofibre.
M'madera otentha kwambiri, mitundu yambiri ya levkoy imakula nthawi zambiri. Ngati pali nthawi yosatha, ndiye kuti nyengo yozizira ndi yofunika kukumba mmera ndikuiika mu mphika. Ndi bwino kuti azikhala m'nyengo yozizira.
Mattiola mumapanga
Nivyanik, reseda, chowawa, phlox, lavender, feverfew - iyi si mndandanda wathunthu, womwe mungamabzala Levkoy. Chochititsa chidwi ndi chachilendo chidzakhala cholembedwa ndi mattiola ndi zitsamba zokongoletsera, monga rosemary, thyme, thyme. Tangoganizirani fungo lokoma pamtengo wofanana, womwe umasakaniza ndi fungo losangalatsa la maluwa. 
Mukudziwa? Kununkhira kwa levkoy kumawonjezeka madzulo, chifukwa chake duwa limatchedwa usiku violet. Kununkhira kwa Lyokova kunaimbidwa mu ndakatulo zake ndi Mandelstam, Akhmatova, Severyanin ndi ena ambiri. "... Muukoma wake waukali, m'mapanga ake ndi zojambula - mbiriyakale ya dziko lapansi, kulingalira ..." B. Okudzhava.
Mattiola ndi oyenera kubzala mu rabatka, mumapachikidwe miphika singly ndi gulu. Levka ndi wokongola mumaluwa ozungulira omwe amadziwika ndi mapepala a maluwa a miyala, mitundu yochepa yomwe imakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa mabwato ndi mapu. Levka amagwiritsa ntchito gazebos ndi masitepe.
Levko-mattiola ndi duwa lomwe liyenera kuyang'anitsitsa wamaluwa ndi amalima amaluwa. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumapangidwe ndi machitidwe ambiri, kukongoletsa ndi munda, ndi munda, umene ungabweretse phindu, osati kukongola kokha. Levka sichidzafuna chidwi chochuluka, ndipo mitundu yosiyanasiyana idzakondweretsa mafani a mitundu yowala.
