Feijoa ndi mbewu yokhala ndi masamba achikuda ndi maluwa okongola oyera. Wokhalamo subtropics amatha kusintha malo mchipinda ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'ana nyumba, maofesi, minda yozizira. Zipatso za Feijoa ndizosangalatsa komanso zopatsa thanzi. Muli ayodini, zipatso acid ndi mavitamini a B.
Kodi feijoa imawoneka bwanji
Mtundu wa Akka, womwe feijoa ndi yake, umagwirizanitsa mitundu ingapo yomwe imapezeka ku South America. Zipatso ndi zokongoletsera izi ndizofala m'maiko ambiri. Palibe chifukwa chotsutsirana pa feijoa, ndi chiyani - chitsamba kapena mtengo. Mtunduwu umaphatikizapo zitsamba ndi mitengo yobiriwira nthawi zonse.
Feijoa poyera
Chomera chomwe chimakhala ndi khungubwe loyera komanso korona wowondera chimafika kutalika kwa 4 m. Mbali yakunja yamasamba ovunda ndi yobiriwira yakuda, glossy, ndipo gawo lakumapeto kwa masamba ndi grey siliva, pubescent. Mukazisenda, masamba amatulutsa kununkhira kwa mchisu (mbewuyo ndi ya banja la mchisu) komanso zinthu zina zomwe zimalepheretsa mabakiteriya ndi bowa.
Nthawi ya maluwa a Feijoa ndi Juni. Pa mphukira za chaka chamawa, mu axils masamba, maluwa amapangidwa, payekha kapena yaying'ono inflorescence. Maluwa pamtunda wautali, anayi-peteled. Ziphuphu ndizopakika, zosalala, zofiirira zamkati, zoyera kunja. Ma stamens amtali ambiri a pinki amavala korona ndi ma anthers agolide. Feijoa limamasula pafupifupi milungu itatu.
Maluwa feijoa
Zindikirani! Maluwa a Feijoa ndi odzaza komanso okoma. Ku South America, amadya.
Feijoa ndi chipatso kapena mabulosi
Feijoa imakhazikika pakadutsa miyezi inayi kuchokera poyipitsidwa. Zipatso zowola zobiriwira zimapangidwa mpaka 7 cm. Ubwato ndi wonenepa, wowawasa, wokoma komanso wowawasa. Mbewuzo ndizochepa, zomwe zimakhala zisa zinayi zazing'ono. Ambiri amakayikira: Kodi chipatso cha feijoa ndi chipatso kapena mabulosi? Ngakhale zipatsozo zimapsa pamtengo, gulu la padziko lonse lapansi limawaika ngati zipatso.
Zipatso zonunkhira zimakhala ndi kakomedwe kosangalatsa ndipo zimatengeka mwachangu. Feijoa imaposa zipatso zina mu kuchuluka kwa ayodini mu zipatso komanso imatha kupikisana ndi nsomba zam'nyanja. Zipatso zimakhala ndi mavitamini ambiri, mchere, sodium, phosphorous, potaziyamu, chitsulo, zinc ndi pectins. Phindu la feijoa ndi losatheka, popanda chifukwa imatchedwa mabulosi a unyamata ndi thanzi.
Zipatso nthawi zambiri zimadyedwa mwatsopano, nthawi zina zopangidwa ndi shuga. Komanso zipatso zimapangidwa kuchokera kupanikizana, ma compotes, jams, marmalade amapangidwa.
Pogwiritsa ntchito feijoa nthawi yayitali (osachepera mwezi), zotsatira zabwino pa thanzi la munthu zimadziwika. Zopezeka:
- matenda a chithokomiro matendawa chifukwa cha ayodini;
- kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin chifukwa chachitsulo chachikulu pazipatso;
- kayendedwe ka shuga m'magazi chifukwa chatsika lamatumbo a glycemic;
- kusintha kwa genitourinary dongosolo chifukwa diuretic zimatha zipatso;
- kulimbitsa chitetezo chokwanira.
Contraindication yogwiritsira ntchito feijoa ndizomwe zimatsutsana ndi chinthu. Pofuna kuti musavulaze, kukhumudwitsa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mupange chimodzi mwazipatso, muyenera kuyamba ndi waukulu, pang'ono ndi pang'ono kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe mumadya. Analimbikitsa ndi akatswiri azakudya, zomwe zimachitika kuti munthu wamkulu azikhala ndi zipatso zisanu patsiku.
Zipatso za Feijoa
Mitundu yotchuka
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yolimidwa m'minda ya feijoa ilibe malire. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi magiredi atatu:
- Superba (Superba), yodziwika ndi peyala yozama. Zipatso zokhala ndi peel yosalala ndi fungo labwino labwino;
- Choyoseana (Choiseana) - mtundu woyamba wakucha wokhala ndi zipatso zazikulu zomwe zimafanana ndi kukoma kwa nthochi;
- Greenidge - maluwa amtunduwu amatha kupukutira ndi mungu kuchokera pamitengo yamitundu yomweyo. Zipatso zake zimakhala, zosalala, zolemera mpaka g 60. Peel ndiyopindika pang'ono, yobiriwira yakuda.
Zosiyanasiyana za feijoa Sellou zafalikira mu chikhalidwe chachipinda, chomwe chimamera, kuphuka ndi kubereka zipatso bwino m'nyumba. Kuti chomera chobadwa m'nyumba chizibala zipatso nthawi zonse, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi mitundu yodzipukuta tokha, monga Nikitsky onunkhira, Crimea woyamba, Mwana woyamba kubadwa.
Zosangalatsa! Dzinalo lidaperekedwa polemekeza wolemba mbiri yachilengedwe wotchuka Joan da Silva Feijoa. Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti dzinali ndi la Chisipanya ndipo amazindikira "j" monga chilembo cha Russia "x". Zotsatira zake, phokoso lodziwika bwino ndi feijoa. Komabe, dzinalo ndi Chipwitikizi ndipo cholondola ndi matchulidwe a Fey-zho-a (feijoa). Kuphatikizanso, kutsindika kudzakhala pa silabelo yapakatikati. Izi ndi zomwe mmera umatchedwa ku France ndi maiko ena aku Europe.
Kukula feijoa kunyumba
Feijoa ndi mtengo wokonda chinyezi ndipo ukufunika kuyatsa bwino. Chomera chili pawindo lopepuka kwambiri mu nyumba, ngakhale kuwongolera dzuwa sikuopa. Mu nthawi yophukira-yozizira, kuyikitsanso masana ndikofunikira, popanda kuyatsa kosakwanira mtengo kumataya masamba.
Kusintha kutentha ndi malamulo kuthirira
Feijoa amakula bwino mzipinda momwe kutentha kumayambira +18 mpaka +20 ℃. M'nyengo yozizira, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse mpaka +14 ℃. Mtengowo suopa kutentha mopitirira muyeso.
Kutsirira kuyenera kukhala kokulirapo, kuyanika panthaka sikuloledwa. Zomera zazing'ono ndizofunikira kwambiri pachinyezi, m'chilimwe zimafunikira kuthirira ndi kupopera nthawi zonse. Kuperewera kwa chinyezi kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa masamba, kuyanika kunja kwa nthambi ndi mizu. Chomera sichilekerera chinyezi, chifukwa chake, pansi pamphika, pamafunika pang'onopang'ono, ndipo madzi owonjezerawo ochokera poto amatulutsidwa nthawi yomweyo.
Thirani ndi feteleza
Zomera zazing'ono zimasinthidwa pachaka, akulu - monga amafunikira. Zomera zazikuluzikulu zophatikiza m'machubu zimasinthidwa zaka zisanu zilizonse, koma pachaka amabwezeretsa pamwamba pamtunda. Kusakaniza komwe kumapangidwa mbali zitatu za turf ndi malo awiri a humus ndikuwonjezedwa kwa gawo limodzi la mchenga ndi pepala nthaka ndikoyenera. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yosalowerera kapena acidic pang'ono.
Zophatikizira zazikulu zimasankhidwa kuti mbewu zitheke. Pakudula, mizu yake sinayeretsedwe konse kuchokera pansi, amasuntha mtengowo mumphika watsopano ndikugona tulo ndi nthaka yatsopano, ndikusiya khosi la mizu yomweyo.
Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, kudya pafupipafupi kumachitika, kuphatikiza feteleza ndi michere ya michere, komanso kukula kwa mbewu zaminda. Akatswiri amalimbikitsa feijoa kuti ithira feteleza ndi superphosphate, phulusa la ntchentche ndi manyowa akavalo (1:10). Supuni ya phulusa la mitengo yowuma imalimbikitsidwa mu lita imodzi yamadzi kwa sabata kuti atenge phulusa. Musanagwiritse ntchito feteleza, mmera umathiriridwa. Munthawi yakulima yogwira, feteleza amamugwiritsa ntchito kamodzi pa masabata awiri, kutengera momwe maluwa a feijoa amatulutsa.
Feijoa mu mphika
Zambiri Zakutha
Kudulira pafupipafupi kumathandizira kuti pakhale kukongoletsa kwambiri. Akakula m'nyumba, chomera chaching'ono chikatalika 30 cm, chimadulidwa ndi chitatu. Kenako, phatikizani nthambi za mbali kuti mulandire chigoba cholondola.
Zambiri! Mphukira yozizira imachotsedwa nthawi zonse, popeza kupezeka kwake kumakhudza zipatso za mmera. Nthambi zowuma, zosalimba, zowonongeka zimachotsedwa pachaka.
Momwe mungafalitsire mtengo
Feijoa imafalitsidwa ndi njira zingapo zamasamba - kudula, muzu ana, kugaya ndi vaccinations. Zotsatira zabwino zimaperekedwa ndi kufalitsa mbewu.
Mbewu njira
Njira yosavuta komanso yodziwika bwino yopezera zatsopano za feijoa ndizofalitsa mbewu. Njira iyi ilinso ndi zovuta. Kodi feijoa ndi mbewu? Ndikosatheka kuneneratu momwe mmera udzaoneker - zotulukapo zake ndizobzala. Mbande zimasiyana mphamvu ya kakulidwe, masamba ndi zina zazikulu zamasamba.
Kuti mupeze zofunikira kubzala, mbewu zimakololedwa kuchokera kumitundu yabwino kwambiri ndi kukoma kwambiri komanso kukongoletsa. Zipatso zimasankhidwa zikuluzikulu, zakupsa ndipo zikuyembekezera kufewetsa kwathunthu, popewa kuwola. Kenako zipatsozo zimaphwanyidwa pang'ono ndikutsuka mobwerezabwereza ndimadzi, njere zimalekanitsidwa ndi zotsalira zamkati. Kenako mbewuzo zimaphwa.
Tcherani khutu! Chipatso chimodzi cha feijoa chili ndi njere zazing'ono 30. Chifukwa chake, kuchokera pa kilogalamu yatsopano zipatso, mutha kupeza magalamu atatu.
Kubzala kumachitika mu febuloni - Marichi mu thanki yotsika yodzaza ndi nthaka, peat yamahatchi ndi mchenga (2: 2: 1). Asanafesere, dothi limapangidwa pang'ono ndikunyowa. 5 mm yakuya kwambiri imapangidwa padziko lapansi ndipo mbewu zimagawikidwamo motalikirana ndi 3-5 cm kuchokera wina ndi mnzake. Mbewu zimakutidwa ndi dothi ndikumanyowa ndi botolo lothira. Chombocho chimakutidwa ndi cellophane ndikuyikidwa pamalo owala. Kutentha kumasungidwa m'malo osiyanasiyana a 16-20 ℃.
M'mwezi umodzi mphukira zimawonekera. Wowonjezera kutentha amawulutsa tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo pamapeto pake cellophane imachotsedwa kwathunthu. Zomera zazing'ono zikawoneka masamba awiri enieni a masamba enieni, zimasanjidwa m'magulu awiriwo, ndikukhomera muzu. Gawo lapansi la mbande zachikulire ndi lolemera komanso lachonde: magawo 6 a nthaka ya sod, magawo anayi a tsamba ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga ndi humus.
Mbewu za Feijoa
Kudula
Mu nthawi yophukira, kudula kumadulidwa kuchokera kumtunda ndi pakati pamiphukira yocheperako. Kutalika kwake ndi 8-10 masentimita, aliyense ayenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe atatu. Chogwirira chimagwiridwa ndi Kornevin ndikuyikidwa mosasamala mu gawo lapansi, ndikukulitsa pansi kumtunda. Dziko lapansi limanyowa ndikuphimbidwa ndi mtsuko wagalasi. Zidutswa za Feijoa ndizovuta kuzika, chifukwa chokondweretsa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwapansi. Zikagwira bwino muzu, patatha pafupifupi miyezi iwiri, mbandezo zimasinthidwa kumiphika yokhala ndi gawo limodzi la michere.
Kuyika
Njira yodalirika yachilengedwe yophunzitsira zachilengedwe ndiyo kubereka mwa kuzikongoletsa. Koma njirayi imafuna nthawi yayitali komanso kupezeka kwa nthambi zabwino. Pokumata, gawo lotsika la thengo limagwiritsidwa ntchito, kukhala ndi mphukira zochepa.
Feijoa zipatso
Chapakatikati, kudula kocheperako kumapangidwira pazophukira zotsikira. Nthambi zimakanikizidwa pansi, kutetezedwa ndi mabroketi m'miyala yosaya. Zigawo zapamwamba zophimbidwa ndi nthaka yopanda thanzi. Nthaka pamwamba pa zigawo zimaphatikizidwa nthawi zonse. Mizu imachitika pambuyo pa miyezi isanu, kenako zigawo zimalekanitsidwa ndi mbewu ya chiberekero ndikuzibzala m'mbale zosiyanasiyana.
Zambiri! Mbewu za Feijoa zimapereka zipatso zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi, ndipo mbewu zopezeka chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa masamba zimayamba kutulutsa ndi kubala zipatso chaka chachiwiri kapena chachitatu.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakukula
Mitundu yonse yaminda ndi yamkati ya feijoa ndiyopanda matenda. M'mapiko a tubular, mavuto azamasamba akhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi chisamaliro chosayenera - kuthirira mopitirira muyeso, m'malo mwake, kuperewera kwa matope osokonekera. Nkhanizi zimakonzedwa kudzera mukukonzedwa kwa mndende.
Nthawi zina tizirombo toyamwa timakhazikika pa feijoa: tizilombo tambiri ndi nkhupakupa. Ma Scabies ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi chikopa cha sera pamtundu wa kakulidwe kakang'ono. Nkhupakupa ndi tizirombo tating'onoting'ono kwambiri, kupezeka kwake komwe kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kukhalapo kwa kambewu woonda pazomera. Ndi matenda oopsa, tizilombo ndi ma acaricides amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati zotupa zilibe limodzi, tizirombo titha kutengana pamanja ndikusambitsa mbewuyo ndi sopo ndi madzi.
Akka ndi chomera chokongoletsera ngati chothandiza. Pamodzi ndi zipatso zochiritsa komanso zokoma, feijoa ili ndi korona wokongola komanso maluwa owoneka bwino, omwe amalola chikhalidwecho kupikisana bwino ndi mbewu zina zamkati.
