Zomera zakunja - Romanesco kabichi

Yemwe amayamba kuwona kabichi ya Romanesco amadabwa ndi mawonekedwe ake, ndipo ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ichi ndi mbewu yokongoletsera. Komabe, ndimtengo wokoma komanso wopatsa thanzi wokhala ndi mbiri yosangalatsa, koma yosamvetsetsa bwino. Njira yolimitsira ku Romanesco imasiyana pang'ono ndi njira yolimitsira wamba kolifulawa, tsopano alimi ambiri akuganiza kale kuti abzale chikhalidwe chodabwitsachi mu ziwembu zawo.

Kufotokozera kwamasamba

Nkhani yakomwe yachokera ku Romanesco yasokonezeka kwambiri. Ngakhale kukhala kwake kwamtundu winawake sikumveka bwino, ndipo asayansi samayesa kunena kabichi iyi ngati mitundu ina. Alimi a mbewu amatchedwa kancane a Romanesque subspecies a kolifulawa, ngakhale samakana mtunduwo kuti ndi wosakanizira wa kolifulawa ndi broccoli. Ntchito zambiri zadzipereka kuzosiyanasiyana izi komanso masamu, popeza mawonekedwe ake chipatso chake amafotokozedwa mokwanira pogwiritsa ntchito zovuta za trigonometric ndi logarithmic equations.

Palinso lingaliro kuti opanga ma 3D adatenga nawo gawo pakupanga Romanesque, ngakhale olemba mbiri akunena kuti izi sizingatheke, popeza kutchulidwa kwa kabichi kumeneku kunapezeka m'mipukutu yoyambirira. Osachepera dzinalo ndi Romanesco chifukwa choti a Etruscans adabweretsa ku Tuscany, chifukwa romanesco pomasulira - "Roman". Mulimonsemo, izi zinali zodziwika bwino kwambiri kuposa zaka 100 zapitazo.

Kapangidwe kabuku kameneka kamafanana ndi piramidi inayake yomwe imasonkhanitsidwa mumutu m'njira zosadabwitsa. Ambiri amafanizira mutu wa kabichi ndi chipolopolo cham'nyanja. Ma Gourmets amati kukoma kwa Romanesco ndikofanana kwambiri ndi kukoma kwa mitundu yambiri ya kolifulawa wamba, koma ilibe ma toni owawa ndi fungo labwino, zakudya za ku Romaesco zimadziwika kuti ndizosangalatsa.

Ma phesi a kabichi iyi ndiofewa kuposa kolifulawa, amathanso kuwudya osaphika, koma akatswiri azakudya amawalimbikitsa kuti asachite.

Romanesco ndi wa banja lopachika, lomwe limakhala ndi zinthu zonse zaukadaulo waulimi zomwe zimatsata izi: pazonse zachilendo, ndizotheka, ndi kabichi. Maonekedwe a mutu ndi wosiyana kwambiri ndi mitu ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kolifulawa: maluwa, omwe nthawi zambiri amawoneka obiriwira, amasonkhanitsidwa m'mapiramidi ang'onoang'ono, omwe, nawonso, amalumikizidwa m'mizeremizere yolimba. Zitsekozo ndizolumikizana zolimba, ndipo m'mbali mwake mumazunguliridwa ndi masamba obiriwira amdima. Kukongola kwamasamba kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi opanga, pogwiritsa ntchito kubzala kwa Romanesco m'mabedi amaluwa.

Mitu ya Romanesco si yayikulu kwambiri, nthawi zambiri yopanda 500 g, ngakhale zofanana ndi ma kilogalamu awiri zimapezekanso. Amati pali zolemba zopatsa thanzi pakomedwe ndi kununkhira, koma osati izi zokha zomwe zimasiyanitsa ndi masamba ena a kabichi. Kuphatikizidwa kwa chipatso ndi mwapadera ndipo kumaphatikizanso zakudya zambiri zopatsa thanzi, kufufuza zinthu ndi mavitamini osiyanasiyana. Nutritionists amakhulupirira kuti zabwino za Romanesco ndi izi:

• ili ndi kuchuluka kwa vitamini A, komwe kumakhudza bwino masomphenya;
• antioxidants omwe amapezeka m'mitu amathandizira polimbana ndi khansa komanso kupewa khansa;
• chitsulo chachikulu chimapangira kupanga kwa magazi, komwe kumawonjezera kukana kwathunthu kwa thupi ku zovuta za matenda ndikuwongolera ntchito ya ubongo;
• mavitamini osiyanasiyana a B amathandizira pochiza matenda amitsempha;
• Vitamini K wopezeka ku Romanesco, wophatikizidwa ndi mafuta a omega-3 acids, amalimbikitsa izi zamasamba kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima.

Pophika, Romanesco amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika maphunziro angapo oyambira, mbale zam'mbali, komanso zoyenera monga mbale yodziyimira yokha, yomwe kabichi iyi imayikidwamo kapena kuwotcha.

Kanema: za zabwino za romanesco

Mitundu yotchuka

Popeza chilengedwe cha Romanesco sichimamvetsetseka bwino, nkovuta kunena za mitundu ya kabichi iyi. M'mabuku ambiri otchulidwa, mawu oti "romanesco" amangotanthauza mtundu umodzi wa kolifulawa. State Register of Breeding Achievement of the Russian Federation sanagawe gawo logawikana ndi mitundu ya Romanesco, ndikuyiyika gawo "mitundu ya kolifulawa" ndikuwonetsa "mtundu wa Romanesco" pamalingaliro osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, ndizovuta kudziwa molondola kuchuluka kwa mitundu ndi ma hybrids omwe amapezeka, komabe ndi ochepa.

• Veronica F1 ndi mtundu wosakanikirana wapakatikati wa nyengo yomwe imapanga mutu waukulu wandiweyani wakuda wamtambo wobiriwira wachikasu wolemera mpaka 2 kg. Mutu umazunguliridwa ndi masamba obiriwira ang'onoang'ono obiriwira okutira ndi utoto wa waxy. Kupanga kuchokera 1 m² mpaka 4,2 kg, kukoma kumanenedwa kukhala kwabwino kwambiri. Ubwino wa wosakanizidwa ndikubwera bwino kwa mbewu, kukana kwa maluwa ndi Fusarium.
  

  Veronica - imodzi mwazokongoletsa kwambiri

• Mtundu wa emarodi ndi mtundu wakale kwambiri, wobala zipatso zabwino kwambiri mpaka 500. Mituyo imakhala yobiriwira, yophimbidwa ndi masamba obiriwira pang'ono obiriwira pang'ono komanso oma. Kupanga kuchokera 1 m² mpaka 2,2 kg. Analimbikitsa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mwachangu kuphika komanso kuzizira.
  

  Kapu ya emerald imatchedwa choncho, zikuwoneka, chifukwa chakukweza kwina kwa mutu

• Amphora ndi mtundu wokhwima koyamba wokhala ndi mitu yobiriwira yobiriwira yotalika pafupifupi 400 g, yodziwika bwino ndi fungo lamtundu wamafuta. Masamba ndi apakatikati, amtundu wobiriwira, wamtundu pang'ono. Zotulutsa katundu 1.5 kg / m². Imakhala yodziwika bwino yamitu komanso kulondola.
  

  Amphora - imodzi mw mitundu yoyambirira kucha

• Natino ndi mitundu yakucha-yakucha. Mutu wolemera mpaka 1000 g, wobiriwira wopepuka, wokhala ndi kukoma kwapadera kwa buttery. Kuyambira 1 m² sonkhanitsani makilogalamu awiri amitu.
  

  Natalino - nthumwi ya mitundu yakucha yakucha
• Pearl ndi mtundu wapakatikati ndipo umabala zipatso zambiri ndi 800 g yabwino kwambiri. Mitu yobiriwira imakutidwa pang'ono ndi masamba obiriwira, utoto wa sera ndi wofooka. Kupanga - mpaka 2.5 kg / m².
  

  Ngale - kabichi yabwino kwambiri

• Puntoverde F1 ndi hybrid wapakatikati. Mitu yake imakhala yobiriwira, yolemera mpaka 1.5 makilogalamu, yabwino kwambiri, pafupifupi yopanda kanthu: palibe chophimba kumutu ndi masamba. Masamba okha ndi obiriwira obiriwira, okulirapo, sera wokutira ndi ochulukirapo. Kuyambira 1 m² kukolola mpaka 3.1 kg za mbewu.
  

  Ku Puntoverde, mutu suyenera kuphimbidwa ndi masamba.

• Ivory ndi mtundu wabwino kwambiri wobala zipatso zambiri komanso mitu yolimba ya njovu yolemera zosakwana 2 kg. Cholinga cha mbewu ndichilengedwe, zosiyanasiyana zimayamikiridwa chifukwa cha kukoma kwake komanso mawonekedwe ake apachiyambi.
• Shannon F1 - mitundu yoyambirira yakucha yomwe ili ndi mitu yolimba yovomerezeka kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito konse. Kukolola ndikotheka patatha masiku 100 zitamera.
  

  Shannon wakucha kale kuposa mitundu ina

• Mapiramidi achiiguputo ndi mitundu yamkatikati mwa mitu yokhala ndi mitu yobiriwira yobiriwira yolimba mpaka 1,2 kg. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala zamtunduwu chifukwa cha kukana matenda ndi chisanu;
  

  Ma piramidi a ku Egypt - osiyanasiyana omwe amatha kugonjetsedwa bwino ndi matenda ndi vagaries nyengo

Mitundu yonseyi ndi ma hybrids amalimbikitsidwa kuti azilimidwa m'malo osiyanasiyana a nyengo.

Kubzala kabichi romanesco

Ndikosavuta pang'ono kukula kabichi cha Romanesco kuposa kabichi yoyera komanso kolifulawa wamba. Ngakhale kupatuka kochepa kwambiri kuchokera kumalamulo a tekinoloje yaulimi kumatha kubweretsa kuti pamtengowo, kupatula mtundu wa masamba, palibe chosangalatsa chomwe chiti chidzawonekere. Romanesco imapangitsa kutentha kwakukulu: mawonekedwe abwino ndi 16-18 ° C, ndipo nyengo yotentha ndiyosavomerezeka kwa iye. Izi zikugwira ntchito pa gawo lonse la mmera ndi nyumba ya kabichi m'munda.

Kufesa mbewu za mbande

Kumagawo akum'mwera, Romanesco amakula poyambira kufesa mbewu m'munda, m'malo ena - kudzera mbande. Mbande itha kubzalidwa m'nyumba, koma izi ndizovuta, chifukwa, monga lamulo, kutentha kwa chipinda kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa komwe chikhalidwe ichi chimakonda. Mbande ndi kuwala kwambiri ndizofunikira. Chifukwa chake, ngati pali wowonjezera kutentha yemwe amatha kuchezeredwa tsiku ndi tsiku, amayesa kukonza mbande kumeneko.

Nthawi zambiri, mkanjira wapakatikati, mbewu zimafesedwa mbande kuzungulira mwezi wa March, posachedwa pa Epulo 1, ndipo zibzalidwe m'munda kumapeto kwa Epulo kapena kumayambiriro kwa Meyi, zitakwanitsa masiku 35 mpaka 40.

Ngati nthawi yotsiriza yasowa, ndiye kuti nthawi yogwiritsa ntchito chilimwe ndibwino kugula mbande zomwe zakonzedwa kale: mitu ya mutu iyenera kukhala nthawi yophukira kapena, koyambirira, nthawi yophukira.

Kubzala kumatha kuchitidwa mu bokosi wamba, kutsatiridwa ndikutsamira m'makapu, kapena mutha kutulutsa makapu osiyana, kapena bwino - mumiphika za peat. Kukula mbande ndi motere.

1. Konzani zosakaniza dothi. Ngati mwakana kugula dothi lopangidwa kale, sakanizani bwino peat, dothi la pansi, humus ndi mchenga wofanana.
   

   Njira yosavuta yogulira nthaka m'sitolo

2. Nthaka yodzikonzekeretsa iyenera kudulidwa, patatsala sabata kuti ifesedwe bwino ndikuthirira ndi yankho la pinki la potaziyamu permanganate.
   

   Pakuthira dothi, njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate ndiyabwino
3. Kusakaniza kwa dothi kumathiridwa m'makapu okhala ndi voliyumu 250 kapena mapikidwe ofanana ndi a peat, ndikuyika ngalande pansi ndi wosanjikiza wa 1-1,5 masentimita (mutha kungoyala mchenga waukulu wamtsinje).
   

   Kwa kabichi sankhani miphika yaying'ono-yayikulu

4. Mbewu zofesedwa kuzama kosaposa 1 cm, ndikuthiriridwa bwino. Mutha kuyika chipale chofewa pansi, chomwe chimadzaza dothi bwino.
   

   Kuthirira mbewu ndi madzi oundana kumathandizira kuti mbewu zikule bwino

5. Zisanaphuke (pafupifupi sabata) mbewu zimasungidwa kutentha, koma atangooneka tinthu ting'onoting'ono, timayamba kuchepetsedwa mpaka 8-10 ºC masana ndi madigiri angapo usiku. Pankhaniyi, kuwunikira kuyenera kukhala kotheka.
   

   Kuti mbande zisatambasule, ziyenera kusungidwa ozizira

6. Pambuyo pa masiku 3-4, kutentha kumawonjezeka mpaka 16-18 ºC (masana). Usiku, siziyenera kupitirira 10 ºC. Njirayi ndiyofunika kutsekula mbande m'mabedi, ndipo kusinthasintha kwa kutentha ndi kuwunikira ndikosayenera.
   

   Kunja, mbande za Romanesco zimasiyana pang'ono ndi mbande zamasamba ena kabichi

7. Kusamalira mmera kumakhala madzi othirira ochepa komanso angapo ovala pang'ono feteleza. Mukathirira, ndikofunika kuwonjezera potaziyamu permanganate ku pinki yosawoneka bwino. Kusankha ndikotheka, koma kosayenera.

Kubzala mbande m'munda

Romanesco kabichi, monga kabichi iliyonse, saopa nyengo yozizira ndipo ngakhale chisanu chowala, kotero palibe mavuto ndi mbande zamasika. Zachidziwikire, ngati kumapeto kwa Epulo kumakhalabe matalala ndi matalala akuluakulu, mbande zimabzalidwa m'mundawo pansi pokhazikika, apo ayi, mwanjira zonse. Kubzala kabichi m'munda sikuyimira mawonekedwe.

1. Sankhani dera ladzuwa ndi nthaka yoyenera: moyenera - mchenga wopumira, wopanda mbali (mwina wamchere pang'ono). Ndikofunika kuti izi zisanachitike, mbatata, nkhaka kapena nandolo zimamera pabedi. Zosavomerezeka - mbewu zilizonse zopachikidwa.
2. Bedi lawumbidwa ndikuyambitsa milingo yayikulu ya feteleza: 1 m² upange zidebe ziwiri za humus ndi phulusa labwino la nkhuni. Ndikofunika kuti muchite zonsezi mukugwa.
   

   Kukumba ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri, koma nthaka yokhala ndi feteleza iyenera kusakanikirana bwino

3. Wells kukula kwa mphika ndi mbande amakumbidwa ndi scoop mtunda wa 50 cm kuchokera wina ndi mnzake. Feteleza wakunyumba amamuthira kuchitsime chilichonse - theka lagalasi la phulusa - ndipo phulusa limasakanikirana ndi dothi.
   

   Mabowo okonzeka bwino nthawi yomweyo ndikuthira madzi

4. Kuthirira bwino bowo ndi madzi, mumphika wobzalidwa "mumatope" (peat - pamodzi ndi mbande, amachotsedwa pachitsamba chilichonse, kuyesera kuti asawononge mizu). Kabichi wabzalidwa ndi pafupifupi osakuza, pokhapokha ngati mbande yatambasulidwa. Masamba a Cotyledon ayenera kukhala pamwamba pa nthaka.
   

   Mukabzala mbande sizingayikidwe munthaka masamba

5. Bwerezaninso kuthirira kabichi m'malo atsopano ndikuwaza nthaka pang'onopang'ono ndi zinthu zilizonse zotayirira.

Ndikofunika kubzala katsabola, mbewa kapena udzu winawake m'mabedi oyandikana nawo, omwe fungo lawo limathamangitsa tizirombo tambiri ta kabichi.

Kusamalira kabichi

Romanesco safuna chilichonse chamzimu kuti azisamalira yekha, koma zonse ziyenera kuchitidwa mosamala. Uku ndikuthirira, kuvala pamwamba, kulima, kulima, ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, kulimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo. Tsoka ilo, polimbana ndi zovuta zoyipitsitsa - kutentha - wolima sangalephere kukana.

Kabichi uyu amakonda madzi ambiri, koma samalekerera kutulutsa madzi. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuthirira pang'ono, koma nthawi zambiri. Poyamba izi zimachitika kawiri pasabata, pambuyo pake, kutengera nyengo, nthawi zambiri zimatha kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepera. Nthaka siyenerauma kwa tsiku limodzi. Madzi amatha kukhala otentha kulikonse, koma kuwatsanulira ndikofunikira pansi pamizu. Makamaka pewani kuwaza pambuyo pomanga mutu.

Mukathirira kapena mvula iliyonse, ngati masamba, omwe sanatsekepo pakati pa mbewu zoyandikana, lolani kulima ndikuchotsa namsongole. Amakonda kabichi ndi hilling, chifukwa zimayambitsa kukula kwa mizu yowonjezera. Pamaso pa hilling, pafupi ndi tchire, ndikofunikira kuwaza ndi phulusa.

Ngakhale kuti asanadzalemo bedi amakhala ndi umuna wabwino, nthawi yakulima m'munda Romanesco umadyetsedwa katatu. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa organic pazinthu izi: infusions wa mullein kapena ndowa zitosi. Ndipo ngati ndizophika kuphika mullein (kuthira madzi mu madzi ndikuwasiya kwa tsiku limodzi), ndiye kuti muyenera kuyang'anira: mutha kuwotcha chilichonse chamoyo.

Ndowe zankhuku zodzaza ndi madzi pazowerengeka za 1:10 ziyenera kuyendayenda kwa masiku awiri awiri, koma zitatha izi zimapangitsa kuti mankhwalawo atulutsidwe kamodzi ma madzi.

Chovala choyambirira chapamwamba - theka la lita yankho pachitsamba chilichonse - chikuchitika patatha masiku 15 mutathira mbande. Pakatha sabata ndi theka, kuchuluka kwa michere kumachulukitsa. Ndipo patatha milungu iwiri, feteleza wa feteleza amawonjezeredwa ku kulowetsedwa: 20-30 g ya nitrophoska pachidebe chimodzi, makamaka, 1.5-2 g ya boron ndi molybdenum kukonzekera. Zowona, boric acid ndi ammonium molybdate amasungunuka pang'onopang'ono, kotero ayenera kusungunuka pang'ono madzi ofunda, kenako kutsanulira kulowetsedwa kwa feteleza wamkulu.

Monga kolifulawa wamba, Romanesco amabzalidwa m'malo a dzuwa, koma pobwera mitu amayesera kuwaphimba kuchokera ku kuwala kowala. Njira yofala kwambiri ndikuphwanya masamba ophimba. Kuchokera pa opaleshoni iyi, zokolola zimachuluka, ndipo mkhalidwe wamituwo umawonjezeka.

Tizilombo ndi matenda ku Romanesco ndi ofanana ndi kabichi iliyonse. Ngati malamulo onse a kulima asungidwa, palibe vuto ndi izi, koma matenda kapena tizilombo toononga, muyenera kuthira manyowa ndi mankhwala oyenera.

Kanema: Chisamaliro cha Cauliflower

Kututa ndi kusunga

Kuti mumvetsetse kuti nthawi yakukolola mbewuyi ndiophweka: chizindikiro cha izi chimapangika ma inflorescence akulu. Ndikosatheka kukhwimitsa zokolola, mitu yakuwukitsanso imasweka mwachangu ndikuwonongeka: thupi limafoola, ndipo kuchuluka kwa zinthu zofunikira kwambiri kumachepa. Nthawi yakucha imatengera mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi kufesa ndipo nthawi zambiri imachitika kumapeto kwa Ogasiti kapena koyambirira kwa mwezi wa Seputembala.

Dulani mitu ndi mpeni wakuthwa, ndikuchotsa timitengo moyandikana nawo: amakhalanso odya. Ndikwabwino kukolola m'mawa mpaka dzuwa litaphika. Kabichi wokoma kwambiri amakhala pa tsiku lodula.

Romanesco imasungidwa ngakhale mufiriji kwa nthawi yochepa chabe, ndibwino kuti muziigwiritsa ntchito kwa sabata limodzi kapena awiri, ndipo ngati izi sizingatheke, ziyenera kupukutidwa pang'ono, kenako ndikudula zidutswa zosavuta ndikuwuma. Pambuyo defrosting, kabichi pafupifupi samataya zinthu zofunikira ndipo, monga mwatsopano, ndioyenera kukonza chilichonse.

Romanesco kabichi ndi masamba okongola, koma osalimidwa kuti akhale wokongola: ndiwothandiza kwambiri.Amayatsidwa bwino poyerekeza ndi kolifulawa wamba, komanso wophatikizika kwambiri pochoka. Zikuwoneka, motero, Romanesco siofala kwambiri m'madera athu, ngakhale okonda kuyesera kukulitsa, ndipo kwa ambiri izi zimamuyendera bwino.