Kalistegia ndi chomera chofatsa cha banja la Convolvulus. Amadziwikanso ndi mayina a khasu, bindweed, birch, French rose. Malo omwe mbewuyo idabadwira ndi East Asia (Japan, North China). Nthawi zina eni malowo amatenga Calistegia ngati udzu, womwe umavuta kuchotsa, koma umasinthidwa kukhala mgwirizano wabwino poteteza chizungulire. Liana lomwe likukula mwachangu limasenda makoma, makonde, makhoma kapena mpanda, ndipo maluwa osakhwima amatulutsa maluwa obiriwira bwino.
Calistegia ndiwothandiza mokhulupirika pakupanga ndi kukongoletsa nyumba zosawoneka bwino. Chomera ichi chidzakondedwa ndi wamaluwa kuti azisamalira bwino komanso kukongoletsa.
Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical
Calistegia ndi herbaceous osatha wokhala ndi mizu yoyambira. Mizu yoyera yokhazikika imakhala gawo lalikulu. Pakatikati, mphukira zatsopano zimawonekera patali ya 1.5 mamita kuchokera pazenera lalikulu. Mipesa yosalala komanso yosinthika imatha kukula 2-4 m kutalika. Amakutidwa ndi khungu lofiirira.
Mapepala atatu kapena owoneka ndi mtima okhala ndi petioles zazitali amapezeka pafupi ndi mphukira yonse. Ali ndi mbali zoyenda mozungulira, m'mphepete mwake ndi mawonekedwe amisempha pamtunda. Utoto wa masamba a masamba umayang'aniridwa ndi utoto wowala wobiriwira.
M'nyengo yotentha, maluwa amatuluka kutalika konse kwa mpesa. Masamba a axillary amodzi amapaka utoto woyera kapena wapinki. Pali mitundu yokhala ndi maluwa osavuta (owoneka ngati belu) kapena ndi masamba a terry. Danga lotalika ndi masentimita 2-9. Mitundu yofowoka yozungulira imazungulira pakati penipeni pa kholilo. Pambuyo kupukutira pa calistegia, zipatso zimacha - mabokosi ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi njere.
Mu nthawi yophukira, mphukira limaphwa. Rhizome yokha ndiyotsalira ndi moyo, yomwe nthawi yamasika imayamba njira zatsopano.
Malingaliro odziwika
Ponseponse, mitundu 25 ya calistegia amalembetsa kumtundu, koma ochepa okha aiwo ndi omwe amakulitsa ndikukula mwanjira yabwino. Mitundu yotsalayo imawonedwa ngati namsongole.
Calistegia ndi fuluwenza. Zomera ndizofala ku China ndipo zimakhala ndi mphukira zazitali kwambiri (mpaka 4 m). Zimayambira ndi yokutidwa ndi masamba owala obiriwira okhala ndi chikopa. Pali mitundu yokhala ndi maluwa osavuta komanso owirikiza kawiri okhala ndi masentimita 4-9. Mitundu ya pinki imakhala yapinki pakuda ndi maziko oyipa. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ndi kugwidwa kwamafuta a calistegia. Maluwa ake akulu akulu amatchedwa duwa lachi French kufanana kwawo ndi kukongola kwamtuwa. Mphukira zopindika ndi zonunkhira zonyozeka zimaphimba mbali yonse ya mpesawo.
Kalistegia mpanda. Mitundu iyi imakhala yofala kwambiri kumadera ambiri ndipo imawonedwa ngati udzu wamasamba. Mphukira zazitali komanso zowonda kwambiri sizimakhala zofunda masamba okhazikika ndi maluwa osavuta owoneka ngati belu. Mitambo yoyera ya pinki yoyera kapena yopepuka imamera limodzi mu kholingo limodzi ndi mainchesi 1-4 cm.
Zotsatira zoyipa. Mitengo yolimbana ndi chisanu imaphukira mpaka 3-3.5 mamita. Masamba obiriwira obiriwira obiriwira komanso maluwa otuwa opindika amakhala pafupi wina ndi mnzake pa iwo. Duwa lililonse limatha kutalika masentimita 10.
Kalistegia ndiwofewa kapena wachi Japan. Duwa limakhala lalitali yolimba 1.5-2.5 m kutalika kwake. Pamaso pake pali masamba ang'onoang'ono komanso maluwa owala a pinki awiri okhala ndi mainchesi mpaka 9 9. Maluwa amapezeka mu Julayi-Seputembara.
Calistegia ndi waubweya. Liana ndiofala kumwera kwa Far East. Imakhala ndi chingwe chachitali, chokhala ngati chingwe komanso chokulirapo, chophukira kutalika mpaka 80. Chomera chimapindika mofooka. Masamba obala masamba a petiole amakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira kapena wachikasu. Maluwa olimba pamafupipafupi pazifupi ndi masentimita 4-6. Corolla imakhala ndi miyala isanu yapinki yopendekera pansi ndi m'mphepete mwake. Limamasula mu theka lachiwiri la chilimwe.
Kuberekanso ndi kubzala
Kufalikira kwa calistegia kumachitika kudzera mwa njira yogawa nthangala. Mizu yake imatha kukonzanso. Ndiye kuti, ngakhale gawo laling'ono limatha kutulutsa mphukira zatsopano. Pamapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, wamaluwa amafukula gawo la Calistegia ndi dziko lapansi ndi kuwasungira m'mabokosi m'malo abwino nthawi yozizira. M'nyengo yozizira, dothi limayenera kukhala lonyowa pang'ono.
Pakatikati, mphukira imamasulidwa ku dothi ndi kuduladula tizidutswa tating'ono. 5-7 masentimita ndikokwanira kupanga chomera chatsopano. Malo odulira amawamiza phulusa kapena makala oswedwa ndikuwabzala pansi mpaka akuya masentimita 3-5. Kubzala kumachitika mu Marichi mumiphika yaying'ono ya peat kapena mabokosi ambiri. Nthaka mutabzala iyenera kupukutidwa moyenera. Mphukira zikafika kutalika masentimita 5, amazidulira kuti zimere pang'onopang'ono ndikukula.
Pofika pakati pa Meyi, mbewu zakonzeka kuti ziziwika panja. Kotero kuti calistegia imakula pang'ono ndipo osalanda gawo lowonjezera, mizu iyenera kukhala yochepa pakubzala. Ndikothekera kugwiritsa ntchito tepi ya ma 50 cm mulifupi, ma sheet a slate kapena pulasitiki, yomwe iyenera kuteteza malowa. Kubzala chomangiriridwa mumtsuko sikuyenera. Ngati phokoso ladzala, mbewuyo ikhoza kufa.
Malamulo Osamalira
Kusamalira calistegia sikufuna kuchita zambiri. Ngati malo ake adasankhidwa molondola, kukongola kosinthika kumakula msanga ndi kuphuka mwachangu.
Kuwala Bindweed amakonda malo owala bwino. M'malo okhala ndi mthunzi, kukula kwa zotupa kumacheperachepera, ndipo maluwawo samakhala ochuluka. Komanso m'malo oterera, maluwa amawonekera patatha masabata 1-3.
Dothi. Liana amakonda dothi lotayirira. Itha kumera pamtundu wanthaka, wamtundu wa peaty, wosankhika. Mu malo amodzi, mbewu nthawi zambiri imakhala zaka makumi awiri ndi ziwiri. Popita nthawi, kuyika dothi pang'ono kungakhale kofunikira.
Kuthirira. Kalistegia nthawi zambiri amalolera kuti pakhale chilala. Madzi osasunthika amamuwononga, kuyandikira kwa madzi apansi panthaka ndikosafunanso. Chingwe cholimba chimasunga madzi ambiri, kotero muyenera kuthirira chomera pokhapokha ngati palibe mvula. Nthawi yonse imakwaniritsidwa ndi mvula yachilengedwe.
Feteleza. Popeza mpesa umamera msanga, pamafunika michere. Chapakatikati, udzu usanayambe kugwira ntchito, kukumba dothi ndikupanga ng'ombe zochulukirapo ndi masamba. M'mwezi wa Meyi-Seputembala, kawiri pamwezi, calistegia imadyetsedwa ndi ma mchere padziko lonse lapansi. Kwa 1 m² wa dothi, muyenera theka la supuni ya feteleza. Mu nthawi yophukira, dothi limaphatikizidwa ndi phulusa.
Zisanu. Kuphatikiza pa fluffy kalistegia, mitundu yonse yazomera nthawi yozizira mosavuta pogona. Ngati nthawi yozizira ikuyembekezeka kukhala yovuta komanso yopanda chisanu, muyenera kuphimba dothi ndi sphagnum moss, peat kapena masamba agwa.
Kudulira. Nthawi yonse ya maluwa, ndizofunikira kuchita kudulira kwapadera. Duwa lililonse limakhala pafupifupi sabata, pambuyo pake kumakhala kofunikira kuchotsa masamba owuma. Mu nthawi yophukira, muyenera kudula mphukira zonse zowuma kuti kasupe musawononge mawonekedwe a malowo.
Matenda ndi tizirombo. Ndi kuthirira kwambiri ndi mpweya wonyowa, Calistegia ali ndi vuto lozizira komanso ufa wowonda. Kuwongolera zomwe zithandizira kusintha magwiridwe antchito ndi chithandizo ndi fungicide ("Fitosporin"). M'nkhwawa zowirira ndi nkhono zomwe zimadya masamba amadzala ndipo ngakhale maluwa amatha kukhazikika. Kuchiza ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (Karbofos, Bingu) kupulumutsa tizirombo.
Ntchito calistegia
Calistegia ndiwabwino kwambiri kuti uzitha kulima. Ngati pali zipilala, zipilala, zomangira m'mundamo, chomera chimabisala masamba awo pansi pa kapeti yolimba. Chingwe chosavuta cholumikizirana chingakhale maziko abwino achitetezo chamtsogolo.
Mphukira zingapo zimafanana ndi mtengo wokutidwa ndi chipewa chamaluwa osakhwima. Sichoyenera zokongoletsera za tsiku ndi tsiku, komanso chochitika chofunikira kwambiri. Ndikokwanira kubzala nthangala pamalo oyenera m'miyezi ingapo ndipo nkhokwe zowunda ndizoyenera.
Kubzala calistegia m'munda wakutsogolo kapena pabedi lamaluwa, pomwe mbewu zina zimakula, sizabwino. Poyandikana amachita mwamwano. Ndikwabwino kuwonetsa ngodya ya liana pafupi ndi mtengo wokhala ndi korona yachilendo kapena gawo pamalo poyera.
Mutha kuponya calistegia m'mabokosi ndikuyika khonde kapena khonde. Adzakongoletsa zipilala ndi mawindo. Usiku kapena nyengo yoipa, maluwa amatsekera, ndipo dzuwa likawala, amatsegukanso. Chifukwa cha izi, calistegia sioyenera kupanga maluwa.
