Doronicum ndi mbewu yabwino kwambiri m'munda wamasika. Pofika pakati pa kasupe, anali kuthira maiwe agolide paphokoso, ngati kuti dzuwa lalikulu lambiri ligwera pansi. Chomera chimadziwika kuti "chamomile cha dzuwa" kapena "roe." Ndi gawo la banja la a Astrov. M'malo achilengedwe, doronicum imatha kupezeka m'malo otsetsereka a mapiri a Eurasia ndi North Africa. Ndikosavuta kusamalira duwa kutchire. Ndiwofatsa komanso wopanda chidwi. Maluwa ndi oyeneranso kukonza maluwa komanso kuyimilira mchipika kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Doronicum ndi therere losatha. Imakhala ndi chikanga cham'mwamba kwambiri. Olimba, yokhazikika imayambira nthambi mofooka. Amakula kukula kwa 30-100 cm. Kutalika konse kwa mphukira, pali masamba opindika opindika bwino kwambiri. Masamba obiriwira opepuka amapangidwira pambuyo pake. Pansi pa tsinde pali dambo loyambira lamasamba masamba petioles. Amasiyana mozungulira kapena mawonekedwe amtima. Pa mphukira ndi masamba pali kufupika kwakanthawi. M'mphepete mwa masamba opanda tsinde wokutidwa ndi masamba.
Kumapeto kwa Marichi, maluwa oyamba achikasu amatuluka kumapeto kwa mphukira. Amatha kukhala okha kapena kusonkhana yaying'ono ya corymbose inflorescence. Danga la corolla ndi masentimita 5 mpaka 12. Maluwa achikasu kwathunthu amakhala ndi mizere 1-2 ya miyala yayitali ya bango ndi pakati.
Zotsatira za kupukutira, ma achenes ang'ono okhwima omwe ali ndi mikwaso yofiirira komanso yamtundu wakuda. Kutalika kwa mwana wosabadwa ndi 2-3 mm. Mkati mwake muli nthangala zazing'onoting'ono zomwe zimagwira ntchito mpaka zaka ziwiri.
Malingaliro odziwika
Mitundu ya doronicum ili ndi mitundu 40 yazomera. Alimi anyumba asankha mitundu yochepa kwambiri.
Doronicum ndi kum'mawa. Midzi yopezekera ya Grassy yotalika masentimita 30-50 imakhala yachilendo ku Caucasus, Mediterranean ndi Asia Minor. Masamba ofiira owoneka ngati mazira ali pamtunda wautali wa petioles ndipo adapinda mabatani m'mphepete. Maluwa amodzi okhala ndi masentimita 3-5 amapaka utoto wachikaso. Pachimake chimasiyanitsidwa ndimawala owala, agolide. Limamasamba pakati pa Meyi. Mitundu yotchuka:
- • Mkango Wamng'ono - mitundu yaying'ono mpaka 35cm kutalika;
- • Golden Gnome - maluwa oyamba kutalika a 15 cm;
- • Kukongola Kwamasika - Chomera chotalika masentimita 45 chimakongoletsedwa ndi maluwa owala achikasu.
Doronikum plantain. Kutalika kwa mtengowo ndi masentimita 80-140. Mphukira zake zolimba, zopanda mphamvu zimakutidwa ndi masamba obiriwira amdima. Masamba osachedwa kupindika amapanga rosette wandiweyani pansi. Mabasiketi achikasu owala bwino ndi masentimita 8-12 otseguka kumapeto kwa Meyi ndipo amakhala mpaka masiku 45.
Doronicum Clusaz. Mbewuyi imapezeka m'matanthwe a ntchire. Kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 10-30 basi. Masamba ofanana ndi lance amakutidwa ndi mulu wakuda ndi cilia. Amalumikizidwa ku tsinde. Pamwamba pa mpirawo mulinso pubescent ndipo umatha ndi mtanga wowala wachikasu. Maluwa okhala ndi mulifupi mwake wa 3.5-6 masentimita pachimake mu Julayi.
Kuswana
Kubwezeretsanso doronicum kumachitika ndi mbewu ndi njira zamasamba. Mbewu zimapangidwa mu kasupe nthawi yomweyo panthaka kapena mbande zosakhwima. M'mundamo, doronicum imafesedwa kutentha kwa + 16 ° C. Izi zimachitika mkati mwa Meyi. Mbande zimayamba kumera mu Marichi. Kuwombera kumawonekera patatha masiku 7-10. Masamba enieni okwanira 2-3 akakula mbande, amathanso kuwaika pansi. Mtunda pakati pa mbewu uyenera kukhala masentimita 30. M'chaka choyamba, maluwa sayembekezeka, chitsamba chimakula ndikuwonjezera mizu.
Mwa alimi, kufalikira pochulukitsa chitsamba ndicofala. Imachitika zaka 4 zilizonse. Mu Ogasiti kapena koyambirira kwa Seputembala, muyenera kukumba chomera ndi dothi lapansi ndikugawa mosamala ndi manja anu m'magawo angapo. Gawoli lirilonse limabzalidwa nthawi yatsopano. Mtengowo umalekerera ndikubzala bwino ndipo umazika mizu m'malo atsopano.
Malamulo Ogulitsa
Doronicum imatha kumera pamalo amodzi mpaka zaka 10. Komabe, pobzala pang'onopang'ono mumakhala wandiweyani. Amatha kukhala ndi ufa wa powdery, ndipo maluwa ndi ochepa kwambiri. Kuti mupewe vuto lotere, ndikulimbikitsidwa kubwezeretsa ndikugawa tchire zaka zisanu zilizonse.
Thirani imachitika kumayambiriro kwamasika kapena nthawi yophukira, nthawi yamaluwa ikatha. Doronicum ndikusintha ndikupanga nthaka. Komabe, zidadziwika kuti pamchenga wamchenga zitsamba zidzacheperachepera, ndipo pa chernozem zimakula kwambiri. Kukumba pansi ndikuzama masentimita 20 ndikuwonjezera manyowa owola. Mchenga ndi miyala yambiri ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi dothi lolemera. Mutabzala, mmera umafunika kuthiriridwa bwino.
Chisamaliro cha doronicum
Doronikums ndi odzikuza, ndikosavuta kuyang'anira. Maluwa amakonda malo otseguka bwino. Mitundu ina imatha kukula pang'ono. Simungathe kubzala zitsamba pansi pa mitengo, apo ayi zidzafa chifukwa chosowa kuwala.
Zomera sizigwirizana ndi kutentha kwa chilimwe ndi nyengo ya chisanu. Ngakhale toyesa zamaluwa zitha kulekerera nyengo yochepa masika popanda zovuta. M'malo otentha, Doronicum imabisala bwino pachipale chofewa. Ngati nthawi yozizira ikuyembekezeka kukhala yovuta komanso yopanda chipale, ndibwino kuphimba mizu ndi masamba okugwa.
Kuti kukula kwabwinobwino, doronicum imafunika kuthirira nthawi zonse. Mizu yake ili pafupi ndi nthaka, choncho dothi limayenera kukhala lonyowa nthawi zambiri. Kutsirira pafupipafupi kumathandizira kutalika kwa nyengo. Kuti dziko lisapumire mwachangu, nthaka yake imakutidwa ndi udzu wosenda kapena tchipisi tamatabwa. Pakadali pano, kusachepa kwambiri ndi kusunthika kwa madzi m'nthaka sikuyenera kuloledwa.
Kumayambiriro kwa maluwa, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito yankho la feteleza wa mchere kamodzi. Pa dothi lachonde, kufunika kwa umuna sikokulira, koma chomera chimayankha.
Popewa kudzimana mosagwirizana, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse masamba opuwala nthawi yomweyo. Mapeto a maluwa, masamba amayamba kuuma ndikulephera kukongoletsa. Mphukira zimatha kudulidwa pang'ono. Kuthirira pa matalala sikulinso kofunikira. Imachitika pokhapokha nthawi yayitali yachilala.
Doronicum nthawi zina amakhala ndi vuto la ufa wa powdery. Masamba ake amakondedwa ndi ma slgs, nsabwe za m'masamba ndi nkhono. Kuchokera pa majeremusi, misampha ndi mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Gwiritsani ntchito kapangidwe kake
Doronicum ndiyofunikira kwambiri pakukongoletsa dimba la maluwa. Chapakatikati, amatulutsa umodzi woyamba. Zilumba zopanda golide zimawoneka zokongola kwambiri. Kuti azikongoletsa masamba osawoneka bwino atamasulidwa, doronicum imabzalidwa limodzi ndi marigolds kapena mbewu zina zamaluwa (irises, primroses, aquilegia). Mitundu yaying'ono ndi yoyenera kukongoletsa minda yamwala, rockeries kapena mixborder. Doronicum imawoneka bwino kwambiri pafupi ndi ferns, Volzhanka, Rogersia ndi mbewu zina zokongoletsera komanso zopatsa chidwi.
Ma busu achilengedwe ndi othandiza osati potseguka, komanso maluwa. Akongoletsa bwalo kapena khonde. Maphwando a maluwa owala ndi dzuwa amatha kupatsa kununkhira bwino ndipo amakhalabe mumkhoma kwa milungu iwiri.
