Passionflower - Ichi ndi chodabwitsa chomera chodabwitsa. Ndilo la banja la Passion Flowers ndipo liri ndi mitundu yoposa mazana asanu ndi limodzi. Munda wamphesa wobiriwira umakula m'madera otentha ku America, Australia, Asia ndi Mediterranean. Phokoso la mpweya si dzina lokha la zomera, limatchedwanso passionflower, liana yonyamula katundu, nyenyezi yamphongo, chilakolako cha zipatso, granadilla, maluwa a zofuna za Ambuye.
Passionflower ili ndi maluwa akulu omwe amafanana ndi nyenyezi ndipo amakhala ndi mtundu wowala. Ichi ndi chomera chofulumira, osadzichepetsa pa chisamaliro. Passionflower imapereka zipatso zodyedwa ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala.
Mankhwala ake ndi okondweretsa kwambiri, koma ndibwino kukumbukira kuti pali phindu lonse ndi kuvulazidwa ndi chilakolako cha maluwa.
Mmene mungamere chomera ichi kunyumba, momwe mungasamalirire komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito - izi zidzakambidwanso.
Zochititsa chidwi za passiflora
- Passionflower yakuchiritsa makhalidwe omwe amadziwika kwa nthawi yaitali kwambiri. Anaphunzira kudzigwiritsa ntchito kuti apindule ngakhale Amwenye. Anagwiritsa ntchito chomeracho ngati mankhwala ofewa mankhwala ofewa mankhwala ofewetsa ulusi, omwe amachiza matenda a chiwindi ndi maso.
- M'zaka za m'ma 1600, passionflower inali imodzi mwa maluwa oyambirira kubwera ku Ulaya kuchokera ku South America.
- Mankhwalawa "Central-B" ndi "Novo-Passit" amapangidwira pa maziko a chiwonetsero cha passiflora.
- Zipatso zodyera amapereka pafupifupi 60 mitundu ya passiflora. Ena mwa iwo ndi otchuka kwambiri zipatso, chilakolako cha buluu, zipatso zachitsamba cha banki, lokoma granadilla, giant granadilla.
- Masamba ndi mizu ya passiflora amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda, khunyu ndi kusowa tulo.
- Passionflower imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati tiyi.
- Masamba owuma a passiflora angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati ndudu.
Mitundu yotchuka ya passiflor yowonjezera m'nyumba
Kukula passionflower kunyumba kumachitidwa bwino kwambiri. Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ndi yabwino kwa izi. Koma nthawi zambiri nyumba zimakula ndi buluu passionflora ndi mapiko a passionflora. Chomeracho chimapangidwa kuti chikongoletsedwe, ndipo ena amayamba kutenga zipatso.
Ngati mukuganiza momwe mungabzalidwe chilakolako cha zipatso kunyumba, ndiye Mukhoza kugula mbewu za otchuka mapiko passionflower. Dzina lake lina ndi Chipatso cha Passion cha Brazil. Maluwa ake ndi lalanje, stamens ndi ochepa. Zipatso ndi zazikulu ndi zonunkhira.
Mitundu yambiri yotchuka ya chilakolako cha zipatso ndi granadilla wokoma ndi yayikulu granadilla. Zipatso za zomera izi zimakhala zosiyana ndi mtundu.
Wina wotchuka mitundu ndi bay leafiferceae ndi nthochi passionflower. Olima munda ali ndi malo oti apite posankha chipatso chodabwitsa chamaluwa.
Ndikofunikira! Passiflora anapeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Zotchuka kwambiri ndi za buluu ndi zoyera, zachikasu ndi zofiira. Koma kodi maluwa enieni ali ndi mtundu uwu, ndizotheka kupeza chaka chokha ndi theka.
Kusamalira passiflora kunyumba
Kunyumba, passionflower imakula mofulumira kwambiri. Mipesa imakhala ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale bwino.
Ndi bwino kudziŵa malingaliro a momwe angasamalire passiflora kunyumba, kotero kuti imakula bwino ndipo imabweretsa zipatso zabwino.
Pamene mukusamalira passiflora, nkofunika kuteteza chomera ku chimfine. Kuchokera kuzizira, masamba a chomera amakhala otsika, otembenukira chikasu ndikugwa. Zomwezo zimachitika ndi kusowa kwa chinyezi.
Mukudziwa? M'chaka choyamba cha passionflower amapanga mawonekedwe ake, amawonjezera mphukira. Choncho, ndi kofunika kuti imangire chithandizo chomwe mphukira zamphamvu kwambiri zazomera zimayikidwa. Mphukira yachiwiri imfupikitsidwa chaka ndi zitatu.
Kuunikira ndi kutentha
Kukula chilakolako chipatso kunyumba, ndikofunikira ikani kuwala momveka bwino. Palibe chifukwa chokongoletsa chomeracho, koma pokhapokha ngati pali chinyezi chokwanira cha nthaka ndi mpweya.
Ngati chomeracho chikukhala pawindo la chilimwe, ndiye kuti masiku otentha amafunikira pang'ono pritenyat. Ngati chilakolako cha zipatso chikhalabe popanda kuwala, mu mdima wandiweyani, chidzaphuka pang'ono.
M'chilimwe, zomera zimatha kutulutsidwa kunja. Kuzoloŵera kokha kuunika kosiyana kumayenera kukhala mosamala.
M'nyengo yozizira, pamakhala kuwala kochepa, ndipo kotero kuti chisangalalo sichimawotha, pang'onopang'ono amaphunzitsidwa kuwonjezera kuwala. Ndipo m'nyengo yozizira mukhoza kuwonjezera kuwala ndi magetsi a fulorosenti.
Mu nyengo yotentha, m'nyengo ya chilimwe ndi chilimwe, passionflower ayenera kukhala kutentha chikhalidwe cha 20-26 ° C. Panthawi yonse, m'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kumakhala kozizira - 14-18 ° C.
Kawirikawiri yankho la funso lakuti passiflora siili pachimake ndi malo olakwika kwa chomera - komanso mthunzi komanso ozizira.
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Liana amakonda madzi, izi ndi chifukwa chakuti masamba aakulu a chomera amatha kusungunuka chinyezi m'nyengo ya chilimwe. Chomeracho chidzayamika chifukwa cha madzi okwanira kawirikawiri.
Gawo la pansi limene passionflower limakula liyenera kukhala lonyowa nthawi zonse, siliyenera kukokedwa lisanamweke nthaka.
Kuyambira m'dzinja, kuthirira kwacheperachepera, koma osati mofulumira, koma pang'onopang'ono. Sitiyenera kuiwala za chisokonezo cha mlengalenga. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupopera madzi kawiri patsiku, kapena kuyika chophika chomera pamphepete mwa miyala, miyala ikuluikulu ikhale m'madzi.
Mabokosi apamwamba ayenera kukhala owuma kuti mizu isasinthe chifukwa cha madzi owonjezera. Kuti mukhale ndi chinyezi cha mlengalenga, mutha kutsegula womvera, ngati alipo. Ndibwino kuti musapopera mbewu pansi pa dzuwa, monga kutentha kumawoneka pamasamba.
Feteleza ndi kuvala pamwamba pa nthaka
Manyowa ndi feteleza ndi zofunika kwa mbewu, makamaka pa nthawi ya kukula. Nthawi iyi imakhala pa miyezi ya March-September. Manyowa amafunika kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa chomera masiku khumi ndi awiri. M'nyengo yozizira, tiyenera kupewa kudya.
Maonekedwe a feteleza ndi ofunika. Ngati nayitrojeni ndi yaikulu, ndipo potaziyamu ndi phosphorous ndizochepa, ndiye feteleza iyi idzalimbikitsa kukula kwa masamba ndi kuphulika. Potaziyamu feteleza ndi yabwino kwa budding.
Ndikofunikira! Simungapange feteleza patsiku, pamene akudwala kapena ali ndi chizoloŵezi chachilendo kwa iye.
Kudula ndi kuika
Passiflora, mofanana ndi zomera zambiri, imaikidwa patsogolo kuti maluwa obiriwira ayambe kukula. Iyi ndi nthawi yochokera pa March mpaka April. Pofuna kubzala, mudzafuna nthaka yokhala ndi gawo limodzi la sod, gawo limodzi la nthaka, tsamba 1 limodzi la nthaka, ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga.
Musanafike chilakolako cha zipatso chikafika zaka zakubadwa, chiyenera kuikidwa kamodzi pachaka. Pambuyo pa zaka izi - kamodzi mu zaka 2-3. Poto latsopano la chomera liyenera kukhala 2-3 masentimita apamwamba kusiyana ndi lapitawo.
Pa nthawi imodzimodzi monga kusindikizidwa, ndi bwino kutchera mipesa. Nthambi zautali zomwe ndizitali kuposa 50 cm zimadulidwa bwino ndi magawo awiri pa atatu. Kudulira ndi kofunika kuti kulimbikitsa kukula ndi nthambi ya achinyamata mphukira.
Ndikofunikira! Pambuyo pakugwiritsira ntchito mphika simungakhoze kuthira manyowa miyezi itatu yoyambirira!
Njira zoberekera
Passiflora imafalitsidwa ndi njira zingapo. Ikhoza kukula kuchokera ku mbewu ndi kudula njira.
Polima passiflora kuchokera ku mbewu, amafesedwa mu nthaka yonyowa, kukulitsa ndikukonzekera nyengo yotentha. Mphukira iyenera kuyembekezera nthawi yayitali, ndondomeko ikhoza kuchedwa kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Nthawi zambiri imatenga miyezi isanu ndi umodzi mbewu isanayambe kumera.
Pamene kufalitsa passiflora kudula, ndibwino kuti tizidula tizilombo tomwe tikukula pafupi ndi nthaka. Mphukira ya zomera ndi yaitali, kotero ikhoza kugawidwa - kumtunda ndi kumtunda kumakhala mizu. The cuttings ayenera kukhala 15-20 masentimita yaitali, pa aliyense wa iwo payenera 2-3 masamba.
Kuti apereke mizu yocheka, iyenera kuikidwa mu kapu yamadzi. Madzi, mukhoza kuwonjezera mizu pang'ono, yomwe imayambitsa maonekedwe a nyongolosi. Ngati akuwombera pansi phesi, ndi bwino kuliphimba ndi polyethylene kuti apange wowonjezera kutentha.
Zisamalidwe mu chisamaliro cha passiflora
Passionflower ikhoza kubweretsa zonse phindu ndi kuvulaza thanzi laumunthu. Mbali zonse za passiflora, kupatula zipatso zake, zingayambitse ziwalo ndi ziwonongeko. 
Zokonzekera zomwe zili ndi chomerachi zimatha kuchepetsa kupatsirana kwa mitsempha mu ubongo ndi msana, kuwonjezera kupuma kwa thupi, ndi kuchepetsa kusokonezeka kwa dongosolo la mitsempha.
Kwa tizilombo zambiri, masamba ndi mphukira za chomera ndizoopsa.
Kulamulira tizilombo
Kukula passionflower kumaphatikizidwa ndi tizilombo kulamulira kwa chomera. Kawirikawiri, zomera zimakhudzidwa ndi mealybugs, nsabwe za m'masamba, chishango, akangaude.
Kupewa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi kang'onoting'ono ndiko kuonetsetsa kuti mvula ikufunika. Ngati tizilombo tiwonekere, chomeracho chiyenera kuchitidwa ndi kukonzekera kwapadera. Chithandizochi chikuchitika ndi nthawi ya 1-10 masiku.
Kunyumba, passionflower ingasokonezedwe ndi nematodes - tizilombo tochepa. Zimakhudza mbali zam'mlengalenga ndi mizu. Gwera mu mphika ndi nthaka.
Ngati muli ndi mavitat, masambawo ndi opunduka, opotoka, ndipo chomeracho chimasiya kukula. Kuchotsa imatodes ndi kovuta. Choncho, ngati mizu ikakhudzidwa, chomeracho chimadulidwa ndikuzika mizu.
Mungayesere kuchiza pyrantel yake, piritsi yomwe imadzipukutira mu malita asanu a madzi. Mphika umasambidwa mosamala, koma nthaka iyenera kusinthidwa.
Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, passionflower ndizosowa kwambiri.
Mukudziwa? Passionflower imatha kudzisamalira yokha pofuna kuteteza tizilombo tina. Pali madontho omwe salekerera mungu wa zomera, koma amangodya. Kuti adziteteze kwa mdani uyu, masamba a passiflora amateteza nyerere kukopa madzi. Nyerere, motero, zimagwirana ndi mavuwu. Mbozi za gulugufegufe amadya masamba a duwa. Chomeracho chimakhala ndi lamulo pa iwo - pa masamba amaoneka mawonekedwe omwe ali ofanana kwambiri ndi mazira a butterfly uyu. Helicoid ikuganiza kuti chomeracho chatengedwa kale, choncho imathamanga kumbali yake.
Machiritso ndi zina zopindulitsa katundu wa passiflora
Kugwiritsa ntchito passionflower kuchiza kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zipatso ndi maluwa a chomera. Kukonzekera kwa chomera ichi kuli ndi makhalidwe awa:
- Chidziwitso;
- Zolimbikitsa;
- Kutulutsira mpweya;
- Kuchulukanso kuchepa;
- Kuchotsa mutu;
- Kuchiza kwa matenda a Parkinson.
