Kugwirizana ndi chakudya choyenera cha nkhuku ndi chitsimikizo chachikulu cha thanzi labwino, mlingo wa mazira, komanso ubwino wa zakudya. M'nkhaniyi, tipenda deta zomwe zilipo zingathe kudyetsa nkhuku, ndipo ndi ziti zomwe ziyenera kutayidwa (kuganizira zifukwa zomwe ayenera kuchita mwanjira ina).
Kodi n'zotheka kupereka nkhuku zotsatirazi
Tonse timadziwa kuti mbalame zoweta, makamaka nkhuku, zili pafupi ndi zolengedwa za omnivorous. Ndi chifukwa chake alimi ambiri amkuku, makamaka oyamba kumene, amaganiza kuti popeza zakudya zogulidwa, mukhoza kudyetsa mbalamezi ndi zakudya zomwe zimapezeka, ngakhale patebulo la mbuye wawo. Monga momwe kudyetsa nkhuku kumasonyezera, mwa njirayi zinthu zina zimayenera kuchitidwa mosamala kwambiri, ndipo zina ziyenera kupezedwa palimodzi. Ganizirani mwachindunji mndandanda, ngati n'kotheka kupereka nkhukuzo zotsatirazi.
Phunzirani momwe mungapangire zakudya zogwiritsira ntchito zosanjikiza.
Nkhalango kapena nthambi zapaini
Chiwalo ichi chokhala ndi singano cha mitengo ndi zitsamba za spruce ndi pine genus ndi mtundu uliwonse wa mbalame yokha ya vitamini yokhala ndi zinthu zamtengo wapatali. Mafuta a carotene, komanso mavitamini F, tocopherol ndi asior ascorbic amathandiza kwambiri pa kukula kwa nkhuku, komanso kukolola kwa zigawo.
Nkhuku monga chakudya chingaperekedwe mitengo yatsopano komanso yowuma ya pine kapena singano zapaini. Mbali yoyenera ya coniferous zakuthupi akuluakulu nkhuku - kuyambira 6 mpaka 10 g pa mutu umodzi.
Hercules
Hercules amawotcha mafuta otchedwa oat flakes opangidwa kuchokera ku mankhusu. Ndipo popeza nkhuku sizingathe kudyetsedwa ndi oats, komanso zimayenera kudyetsedwa, lamuloli limagwiranso ntchito kwa Hercules.
Zomalizazi zili ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti nkhuku, micro ndi macro zikhale zofunika. Kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni omwe ali mbali ya mbeuyi kumakhudza kukula kwa minofu. Hercules ndi abwino kusiyana ndi oats wamba chifukwa nsomba zamtunduwu zimachepa kwambiri, motero zimathandizira ndi kufulumizitsa momwe polojekiti ikuyendera.
Mlingo wa herulu mu zakudya za nkhuku ziyenera kukhala zomveka bwino osapitirira 10-20% ya chakudya chamtundu uliwonse wa tsiku ndi tsiku (zinthu za tirigu mogwirizana ndi chomera).
Dziwani ngati n'zotheka kupatsa komanso kuti ndi wochuluka bwanji adyo, pulasitiki yonyowa, mkate, chinangwa, kachilombo ka tirigu, nkhuku za nkhuku.
Banana peel
Nkhumbayi imakhala yoimira nkhuku, ngakhale kuti veterinarians sanena za zoopsa za mbalamezi. Koma peyala ya nthochi kapena peel kuchokera ku nthochi imodzi sizingathetsedwe, koma zouma, minced ndi kuwonjezeredwa ku mlingo wa chakudya cha nkhuku tsiku ndi tsiku.
Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti palibe zolembera kapena zinthu zina zakunja muzitsamba zamagetsi. Zinthu zomwe ziri mu peel ya chipatso ichi, zimathandiza kuti ntchito yachibadwa ikhale yogwira mtima komanso m'mimba, komanso kuyeretsa thupi la nkhuku.
Mukudziwa? Chifaniziro cha nkhuku zoweta chinkagwiritsidwa ntchito ku ndalama za mayiko 16, pakati pawo - Bangladesh, Ireland, ndi zina zotero.
Kudzetsa
Malingana ndi chiwerengero chonse cha mafuta ndi mapuloteni, rapesed ndi wapamwamba kuposa soya ndi mbewu zina zowala. Komabe, zotsiriza zomwe zimapezeka kuchokera ku kugwiriridwa ndi chakudya - zingagwiritsidwe ntchito monga zowonjezera nkhuku zodyera. zokha zochepa (mpaka 5-8% ya menyu yonse) chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa glucosides mwa iwo omwe angayambitse kuledzera kwa chiwalo cha nkhuku.
Zodzozedwa ndi laimu
Kukhalapo kwa mchere mu kudyetsa mbalame ndi kofunikira kwambiri, ndipo chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwazinthu zomwe zimadyetsa zachilengedwe, alimi a nkhuku ayenera kunyamula feteleza wapadera.
Limu yawonjezeredwa kuti idyetsetse kuti mazira asatenge.
Katemera wa calcium m'thupi la mbalame akhoza kuchitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali (nthawi yomwe imakhala pamlengalenga ayenera kukhala osachepera miyezi 6) mandimu yotentha. Nkhokwe zatsopano kapena zina zomwe sizimazimitsidwe ndizoletsedwa kuti zidyedwe ndi nkhuku: zikhoza kuyambitsa zilonda za m'mimba, ndipo zimayambitsa imfa ya mbalameyo.
Chotsitsa chamagazi chikuwonjezeredwa kudyetsa mbalame. pa mlingo wa 5% ya kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri.
Pezani zomwe mungapereke nkhuku.
Millet
Zakudya zowakometsera zimathandiza, nkhuku zosavuta komanso zopatsa thanzi nkhuku. Ndi mapira omwe amawonjezera mazira awo, chifukwa ali ndi mavitamini olemera (mwachitsanzo, vitamini B, nicotinic acid), komanso mankhwala othandiza. Mlingo wa mbewuyi 30-40% ya gawo lonse ndi kusinthana kwa tirigu ndi mbewu zina, monga barele, tirigu, ndi zina, ndizo malamulo oyambirira ogwiritsira ntchito chigawo ichi cha zakudya za nkhuku.
Kefir
Zakudya zopangidwa ndi mkaka wofufuzira mu zakudya za nkhuku zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chimodzi mwa zigawo za nyama ya phala ndipo ndi chakudya cha puloteni chochokera kwa nyama. Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwake m'zinthu zopindulitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kefir ali ndi phindu pang'onopang'ono kwa mbozi.
Ndibwino kuti muthe kutero, kefir ingasinthidwe ndi yogurt
Chomeracho chimakhalanso ndi antibacterial properties, ndipo chimapangitsa ntchito zotetezera za avian organism.
Gawo la kefir, lomwe ladzaza ndi chisakanizo cha zakudya zopangira zakudya, lingasinthe kuyambira 10 mpaka 100 ml, malinga ndi maphikidwe enieni ndi chiwerengero cha zigawo zina.
Ndikofunikira! Mankhwala a nkhuku sangathe kudya ndikudya zakudya zamchere ndi zotsekemera, kotero kuti mankhwalawa azichotsedwa ku zakudya za avian.
Nkhumba za nkhumba
Zakudya zamakampani zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti nkhumba zikhozanso kupatsidwa nkhuku, chifukwa zimapangidwa ndi chilengedwe chonse ndipo siziyenera kokha nkhumba, komanso nkhuku, komanso akalulu. Kudyetsa miyezo ya chakudya cha nkhumba ndi ofanana ndi miyezo ya zakudya za nkhuku zogwirizana.
Whey
Mapangidwe a whey akuphatikizapo zinthu zambiri zothandiza, zomwe zimakhala ndi calcium, magnesium, disaccharides, mavitamini a gulu B, retinol, acorbic acid, vitamini A, ndi zina zotero.
Gwiritsani ntchito seramu yatsopano, chinthu chokhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali chikhoza kuyambitsa poizoni.
Ndicho chifukwa chake ndi zofanana ndi kefir, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati madzi akuphwanya phala pofuna kudyetsa mbalame. Kugwiritsira ntchito moyenera kumayenera kugwirizana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kefir chifukwa chaichi.
Phunzirani kukonzekera chakudya cha broilers.
Rye
Akatswiri samalimbikitsa kudya zoweta mbalame ndi rye, makamaka zikuluzikulu: nkhuku, zimayambitsa matenda a m'mimba, ndi zinthu zamkati zomwe zili mu tirigu watsopano, zimatha kuvulala kwambiri, kuvulaza ziwalo za mkati mwa tsamba la m'mimba.
Mbewu ya nkhono
Mabala a nkhono ali ndi kuchuluka kwa lignins, zomwe zimakhudza ntchito ya mahomoni, ndicho chifukwa chake mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakudyetsa nkhuku.
Pokhala ndi phindu pa dzira-kuika, mafakitale amatetezanso matenda okhudzana ndi ziwalo zoberekera nkhuku. Mpaka wofuna chakudya chowonjezera ichi ndi 10 g (ngati mankhwalawa ali ndi mphamvu yowonjezera), kapena mbewu 10-15 payekha.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kulepheretsa kuti mbalame zisagwiritsidwe ntchito, zimakhala zosafunika kupitirira mtengo wa tsiku ndi tsiku.
Mphesa
Mphesa sizimaloledwa kuperekedwa kwa nkhuku, koma nkofunikanso kuteteza iwo kuchoka kumtsinje wa mphesa kuti asadye zokwanira za zipatsozi. Zoipa zawo ndizo hydrocyanic acidkuphatikizapo mu kapangidwe ka zipatso, nthawi yomweyo zimayambitsa poizoni komanso kuledzera kwakukulu kwa avian organism. Kawirikawiri, izi zimakhala zakupha.
Radishi
Mizu ya cruciferous ya cruciferous yomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga chakudya choonjezera kwa nkhuku chakudya, koma ponena za radish, ndalama zake ziyenera kukhala zochepera ngati n'kotheka.
Radishi, musanapereke nkhuku, ziyenera kukhala zophikidwa bwino
Chogulitsidwa chomwecho, musanayambe kusakaniza ndi ena, chiyenera kudulidwa bwino pa grater, pogwiritsira ntchito gawo lachiwiri la muzu wa mbeu - pamwamba.
Mavitamini ochulukitsa (A, gulu B, E, ascorbic ndi nicotinic acids, etc.), mpiru wa mpiru, mchere ndizopindulitsa zazikulu za muzu uwu.
Dzidziwitse nokha ndi luso la kupanga odyetsa, oledzera, zisa, ziweto za nkhuku.
Nyama msuzi
Kawirikawiri, msuzi wa nyama amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga gawo la nkhuku. Akatswiri alibe machenjezo apadera pa msuziwu, kupatula kuti ndi osafunika kuugwiritsira ntchito mwangwiro chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mchere wamchere. Nthawi zina Msuzi ukhoza kusinthidwa phala kuganizira buku la zinthu zina.
Zipatso za cititrus, malalanje ndi tangerine peels
Akatswiri samalimbikitsa kudyetsa mbalameyi ngakhale mapepala a malalanje kapena malalanje, kapena peel of fruit: iwo akhoza kukwiyitsa mimba m'mimba ndi kusokoneza kwambiri chimbudzi. Anthu ena a m'banja la citrus (laimu, mandimu, mphesa, pomelo, bergamot) amatsutsana.
Millet
Pamodzi ndi balere ndi oats, chikhalidwe ichi chimakhala ndi ntchito yofunikira monga zakudya zowonjezera nkhuku. Ichi ndi malo enieni osungiramo zakudya zamtengo wapatali, choncho ndizofunikira kuti mupereke nkhukuzo monga chimanga kapena tirigu wosagwidwa ndi mbewu. Chiwerengero cha ma mapulo okhutira mu chiwerengero chonse cha zakudya ayenera kukhala osaposa 20%.
Phunzirani mmene mungadyetse nkhuku m'nyengo yozizira popanga dzira.
Mafuta a masamba
Mafuta a chomera chimayambira ndizomwe zimayambitsa mapiritsi, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama zowonjezereka za zakudya, motero zimatsimikizira kuti mavitamini ofunikira ndi zinthu zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi avian organism. Akuluakulu angathe kuwonjezera phala la mafuta 2-3.5 g mafuta tsiku lililonse.
Mafuta a mpendadzuwa
Mafuta abwino a mpendadzuwa, amatsutsana kwambiri ndi momwe nkhumba zimakhalira, komanso kukula kwake kwa mazira, ndipo, malinga ndi momwe zimakhalira, ziwalo zoberekera za nkhuku. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake kuyambitsidwa kwa mafuta a mpendadzuwa kulemera kwa chakudya kumakhala kochepa kwambiri: osaposa 1.1%.
Pa nthawi yomweyo, Kuwonjezera kwa mikate ya mafuta ndi chakudya cha mpendadzuwa mu kuchuluka kwa kuyambira 11 mpaka 14 g pa tsiku kudyetsa Kuika nkhuku kumawatsimikizira kuwonjezeka kwa dzira.
Tembenuzani
Mitundu ya mpiru yafodya nayenso Zitha kuphatikizapo nkhuku zakudya monga radish. Chipatsocho chili ndi mavitamini ambiri (carotene, retinol, thiamine, riboflavin, pantothenic ndi folic acids, pyridoxine), komanso zinthu zambiri zothandiza mankhwala.
Mukudziwa? Chaka chilichonse pa Lachisanu Lachiwiri Loweruka ku mzinda wa Swiss Richterschwil m'mphepete mwa Nyanja Zurich, chikondwerero chenicheni chikukondwerera kwambiri ku Ulaya: Chikondwerero cha Turnip. Patsikuli, anthu a m'matawuni ndi alendo akuyenda mumisewu ndi nyali zapadera monga mawonekedwe a mizu ndi makandulo ang'ono mkati.
Dyetsani akalulu
Chakudya chophatikizana cha akalulu, malinga ndi akatswiri, si oyenera kuikidwa mu zakudya za avian, popeza lili ndi zida zambiri. Kuchuluka kwa chinthu ichi kungakhudze kwambiri ntchito ya zakudya za nkhuku.
Yiti
Chakudya - chosavuta kokha, komanso kusakaniza chakudya choyenera kwa nkhuku. Amaphatikizapo: riboflavin, thiamine, pantothenate ndi nicotinic acid, mapuloteni, zinthu zina zofunika kwambiri ndi mavitamini.
Zinthu zimenezi ndi zofunika kuti mbalame zikhale ndi mphamvu zoteteza thupi laumunthu, kuwonjezera ntchito za minofu, mafupa, mtima ndi mitsempha ya magazi, kusintha kwabwino kwa biologic kusintha, kukula ndi kukula kwa zamoyo.
Gawo la yisiti liyenera kuwerengedwa kotero kuti chiwerengero cha mndandanda wa tsiku ndi tsiku uli mkati mwa 3-6%.
Phunzirani chochita ndi kunenepa kwambiri poika nkhuku.
Herring
Alimi oyambitsa nkhuku ayenera kuphunzira izo Nkhuku zambiri sizingaperekedwe nsomba zamchere, kuphatikizapo hering'i. Ngakhale kuti nsombayi ili ndi calcium yochuluka, mu mawonekedwe awa, ikhoza kuyambitsa kutaya madzi ndi kutaya mbalame.
Njira yabwino ndiyo kudyetsa nkhuku 1-2 pa mlungu nsomba yosaphika bwino, yomwe mafupa amakhala ofewa (ndibwino kudyetsa mbalame mu mawonekedwe abwino).
Mukudziwa? Nkhuku zimatha kudya chakudya pokhapokha, chifukwa chimatha kulowa mmimba, osati ndi minofu ya mkati, koma ndi mphamvu ya misala.
Chalk
Chalk ndi gwero lalikulu la calcium, lomwe ndi lofunika kwambiri kwa nkhuku, makamaka zigawo, chifukwa ndi chifukwa chake zipolopolo zimapangidwira mazira.
Kuwonjezera chakudya cha calcium ya minofu chiyenera kupangidwa tsiku ndi tsiku 3.5 g pa 1 payekha, koma osati mawonekedwe ake enieni, koma kuphatikizapo chakudya chachikulu. Izi zili choncho chifukwa chakuti nkhuku zamakono za nkhuku sizimasinthidwa kuti zikhale bwino komanso zogwiritsidwa ntchito bwino.
Maapulo
Kawirikawiri, maapulo amatchedwa "zipatso za thanzi", ndipo izi sizigwira ntchito kwa anthu okha: zotsatira zake zowonjezera zimaperekanso kwa mbalame.
Zipatso zikulimbikitsidwa kuti ziwonjezedwe ku zowonjezereka kuphatikizana zowonjezera za chakudya ndi phala, zomwe poyamba zinagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mpeni kapena grater, mu kuchuluka kwa 15-20 g payekha.
Soy
Soybean ndi zakudya zake ndi mapuloteni mitundu ya chakudya cha mbalame, zomwe zimapereka mphamvu yowonetsera mphamvu m'thupi la nyama. Chifukwa chakuti tirigu wobiriwira wa soya uli ndi mafuta ambiri, nkhuku zingaperekedwe chomera ichi mwa mawonekedwe a mikate ndi mikate ya mafuta mu kuchuluka kwa 15% mwa nkhuku zonse zomwe amadya.
Fufuzani chifukwa chake nkhuku zimathamanga mazira ndi choti muchite.
Walnuts
Walnut ndi malo osungirako mavitamini, ma micro-ndi-macronutrients ofunika, omwe nthawi zina amatha kusangalatsa mbalame zawo zazing'ono. Lili ndi 75% mafuta a masamba ndi 15% mapuloteni, omwe ndi ofunika kwa nkhuku nthawi ya autumn molt.
Nthi iyenera kudulidwa bwino ndikuwonjezeredwa ku chakudya chachikulu kuti gawo lake mu gawo la gawolo likhale osaposa 3-5%. 
Bowa
Nkhumba zimatchedwanso "nyama ya masamba" chifukwa mankhwalawa ndi apamwamba kuposa mbewu ndi nyemba zokhudzana ndi mapuloteni, ndipo ali pafupi kwambiri ndi nyama ndi nsomba. Zothandiza nkhuku zophika, koma zochepa zochepa - mpaka 2% ya kulemera kwa chakudya.
Ndikofunikira! Chimodzi mwa zofunikira zoyenera kudya chakudya cha nkhuku - kulamulira mbali ya chakudya komanso kudya kwa nkhuku. Ngati nkhuku idzakhala "kususuka", posachedwa izoleka kutha.
Nyama yaiwisi
Akatswiri samawona zovulaza, komanso amapindula, mu nkhuku yaiwisi nkhuku. Ndipo ngati simukufuna kutaya zonyansa zokha, mungathe kuzipera mu chopukusira nyama ndi kuwonjezera chakudya chambiri 5-10 g pa mutu wa mbalame imodzi.
Mkaka
Alimi a nkhuku ayenera kudziwa kuti sikuti zakudya zonse za mkaka ndizoyenera kudyetsa nkhuku. Mwachitsanzo, nkhuku zatsopano zimatsutsana, chifukwa mbalamezi mwachibadwa sizikupereka kuti zikhale ndi mavitamini omwe angagwiritse ntchito lactose yomwe ili ndi mankhwalawa.
Ndi bwino kupereka kefir kapena whey ku nkhuku, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa.
Choncho, izi zidzakuthandizani kukula kwa dysbiosis nkhuku, choncho palibe chifukwa choti mkaka ukhale nawo mu zakudya za avian.
Ponena za mkaka ufa, sikoyenera kuwonjezera pa chakudya cha nkhuku, monga momwe zilili kale mu zakudya zina zosakaniza.
Onetsetsani kufunika kokhala ndi zomera ku zakudya za nkhuku.
Dzungu
Wodziwika bwino kwambiri mu mavitamini ambiri - dzungu ndi mankhwala omwe amapezeka nthawi zambiri pakati pa zakudya zowonjezera nkhuku. Ndipo carotene yomwe imapangidwira bwino imawonetsa maso a nkhuku, imathandizira chitetezo chawo, imathandiza kuti thupi la nkhuku likhale labwino komanso lokwanira. 15-20 g payekha pa tsiku dzungu lopangidwa kapena finely lodulidwa lidzachuluka.
Dothi lachangu
Ambiri okonda alimi a nsomba ndi nkhuku mumodzi amodzi amadabwa kuti nkhuku zimakhala zotetezeka. Yankho la funsoli lidzakhala lolimbikitsa, koma ndi zina: zonse ziyenera kuchitidwa moyenera (3-5 g tsiku pa nkhuku imodzi), ndipo nthawi zonse musanayambe kudyetsa mankhwalawa ayenera kukhala owiritsa bwino komanso odulidwa.
Chifukwa cha mapuloteni ghafiira ndi calcium, nkhuku zidzakondweretsani inu kwa nthawi yaitali ndi umoyo wathanzi wa thanzi lawo.
Ndikofunikira! Nkhuku zoumba zimangoperekedwa kwa mbalame zazikulu kuchokera ku miyezi inayi.
Galasi losweka
Дополнение дневного рациона кур битым стеклом делается с той же целью, что и добавление в птичий корм песка, небольших камешков (например, гравия) или ракушек, которые способствуют процессу перетирания поглощённой пищи и её легкого переваривания.
Zoona, kusungira galasi pazinthu izi kumakhumudwitsidwa kwambiri, chifukwa ziyenera kukhala zazing'ono komanso zamphepete mwazitali, ndipo kunyumba, nsalu zimakhala zoopsa ndi zoopsa kwa ziwalo za mkati.
Malangizo othandiza
Mapuloteni, mafuta, ndi mavitamini monga peresenti ndi chiŵerengero, komanso zinthu zamchere ndi mavitamini, ndizo zigawo zazikulu za nkhuku iliyonse.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti chakudya cha mbalame chiyenera kukhala chosiyana komanso chopatsa thanzi:
- Mapuloteni - chigawo chachikulu cha dzira ndi zipangizo zazikulu zomwe maselo a avian organism amapanga. Pakudya nkhuku, payenera kukhala mitundu iwiri ya mapuloteni - masamba ndi zinyama (mwachitsanzo, mbewu za keke ndi mpendadzuwa, mphutsi, amphibians ndi mollusks, fupa la mafupa, zowonongeka, soya, kugwiriridwa, nandolo).
- Mafuta - zinthu zomwe zimapatsa mphamvu mphamvu. Amalamulira kutentha kwapakati, kutenga mbali yogwira mazira (chimodzi mwa zakudya zomwe zili ndi chida ichi ndi oats ndi chimanga).
- Zakudya Nkhuku zikuyenera kumaliza ntchito za ziwalo zonse ndi machitidwe a thupi. Chakudya chiyenera kuphatikizapo wowuma, zitsulo ndi shuga (mbatata yophika, beets ndi kaloti mu mawonekedwe awo opangidwa, osavomerezeka, komanso dzungu).
Amapereka chakudya kwa mbalame 3-4 patsiku, kuyambira m'mawa ndi kutha madzulo, poyang'ana nthawi yofanana pakati pa zakudya, nthawi zonse amasinthasintha mitundu yake. Ndipo chinthu china chofunika kuti chitukuko chonse chikhalepo - kukhalapo kwa madzi oyera pamtingo wofunikira (kwa tsiku nkhuku imamwa pafupifupi 0,5 malita).
Udzu wawo umatha kudziwa zambiri zokhudza thanzi la nkhuku: kuchuluka kwake, kumbali kumbali kumasonyeza kuti chirichonse chiri choyenera. Ngati mukudziŵa kuti kalembedwe kameneka kapena mtundu wamadzi wa nkhuku, ndizofunika kusintha mawonekedwe a menyu ndi dongosolo lodyetsa (popanda matenda ena) kuti musinthe kagwiritsidwe kabwino kake ka nkhuku.
Phunzirani mmene mungachotsere nkhuku mu nkhuku.
Choncho, tapenda mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zingathe kuperekedwa kapena kuziperekedwa kwa nkhuku zowakomera. Ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti mutatha kuwerenga nkhaniyi, msinkhu wathanzi wa nkhuku zanu umangowonjezera.
Kodi ndingadyetse bwanji nkhuku: ndemanga
