Undersized petunia. Mbiri ya zochitika, zosiyanasiyana, kubereka ndi kusamalira, matenda ndi tizirombo

Petunia yocheperako ndi yokongola yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maluwa mu flowerbed kapena m'munda.

Izi chikhalidwe chimadziwika ndi zazikulu ndi zowala inflorescences. Pali mitundu yambiri yokwanira yomwe, mosamala, idzasangalala ndi maluwa ochuluka komanso ochuluka. Nkhani yotsatira ikufotokoza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya petunias ndi zizindikiro za chisamaliro chawo.

Malongosoledwe a botaniki ndi mbiriyakale

Petunia adakwera kuchokera ku South America. Ndi mbewu zamasamba zosatha, zomwe zimakula ku Russia monga chaka. Kunyumba, chomera sichidzakula, koma kukongoletsa makonde ndi mawindo kuchokera kunja kwa chikhalidwe ndi abwino, komanso momwe zingathere.

Maluwa a petunias omwe akukula pang'ono amafanana ndi mapuloteni. Zitha kukhala zazikulu ndi zochepa maluwa, terry kapena mtundu wosavuta.

Mtundu wa mtundu ndi wambiri:

• woyera;
• chofiira;
• buluu;
• lilac;
• zofiirira.

Palinso mitundu imene zimakhala zojambula mu mithunzi iwiri ndipo pali mitundu yokongola. Mphepete mwa mchereyo ikhoza kukhala yamphepete ndi yosalala.

Zosiyanasiyana zomwe zili ndi chizindikiro cha F1, mayina awo, zithunzi ndi zithunzi

Mitengo yambiri yotulutsa petunia ikuphatikizapo mitundu yambiri ya zomerazosiyana mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ikufotokozedwa pansipa.

Duddy Series

Awa ndi wosakanizidwa omwe amaphatikizapo maluwa a mitundu yosiyana. Zosiyanasiyanazi zimadziwika ndi mdima wamdima ndi m'mphepete mwazitali. Mmera wokha umawonekera kwenikweni.

Pikoti Series

Mitunduyi imakhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu komanso oyambirira.. Mphepete pamphepete mwazitali ndi mtundu woyera.

Prim Sunshine

Ichi ndi chikhalidwe champhamvu, chomwe chimatalika kufika masentimita 35. Maluwawo ndi aakulu, monga mmimba mwake ndi masentimita 10.

Mphepo F1

Mtundu uwu wa petunia ndi wofanana. Pa nthawi yomweyo, maluwawo ndi aakulu, ndipo mtundu umaimiridwa ndi mitundu 8 yosiyanasiyana.

Anastasia

Izi petunia imakula ngati chitsamba chosakanikirana.. Maluwawo ndi ofiira komanso otsekemera; pali malire oyera kuzungulira m'mphepete mwa maluwawo.

Zosangalatsa

Izi ndi zosakaniza maluwa osiyana, pambali zosiyana. Mbali ya zosiyanasiyana mu yaitali maluwa.

Kodi ndikuti ndingabzala bwanji?

Chotsatira chitukuko ndi kukula kwa petunia kumadalira kulondola chodzala.

Choncho, ndikofunika kutsatira zotsatirazi:

• Sankhani petunias zosiyanasiyana. Popeza zinthu zomwe mukubzala sizodziwika, kufesa kosafunika kumafunika. Chovala choyenera ndi choyenera, chifukwa ndi kosavuta kugwira nawo ntchito.
• Ntchito yobzala inachitika mu February ndi March. Kutha kwa nyengo yozizira ndi koyenera kubzala kokha ngati kuunikira kwothandizira kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
• Kuyala kufalikira pamwamba pa nthaka, popanda kutseka. Sungani nyembazo ndi dothi losafunika.
• Mutabzala, sungani pansi nthawi zonse ndi madzi.
• Amatha ndi mbande kuphimba filimu.

Ngati malingaliro onse athandizidwa, mbande idzawoneka masabata 1-1.5.

Zosowa za nthaka

Petunia yocheperapo imakula mu nthaka yosalala, yowala komanso yowonjezera. Mukhoza kugula gawo lokonzekera bwino kapena kukonzekera nokha. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito zigawo zotsatirazi:

1. peat - magawo awiri;
2. Dziko la sod - magawo awiri;
3. mchenga - gawo limodzi.

Kuunikira ndi malo

Malo owala bwino ndi oyenera kubzala mbewu. Ngati mutabzala petunia mumthunzi, imayamba kutambasula, kupanga masamba akulu ndi maluwa pang'ono. Izi zidzakhudza maonekedwe a chikhalidwe. Komanso, malowa ayenera kutetezedwa ku zojambulazo, mwinamwake iwo adzavulaza maluwa osakhwima a zomera.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji?

Kuthirira

Pofuna kukula kwa petunias, kuyamwa kwa nthawi yake ndikofunikira kwambiri. Pothirira madzi, madzi ayenera kutsanulira pansi pazu, onetsetsani kuti siigwera pa maluwa, chifukwa izi zingawawononge. Pa kutentha kwa kutentha, madzi okwanira amachitika kawiri pa tsiku - m'mawa ndi madzulo.

Komanso musaiwale za kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Izi zidzakhala chitetezo chabwino cha maonekedwe a akangaude. Madzi opangira ulimi wothirira amasiyana komanso kutentha.

Kudyetsa

Kukula bwino kwa maluwa ndi maluwa ake aatali sizingatheke popanda kuvala. Ndiyenela kuwapanga kamodzi masiku onse 7-10 kuyambira nthawi yoyenda mpaka August. Mukhoza kugwiritsira ntchito zovuta ndi potaziyamu. Manyowa kapena kompositi ndi abwino, koma osati atsopano, chifukwa izi zidzatsogolera kukula kwa matenda a fungal.

Matenda wamba ndi tizirombo

Pamene chisamaliro choyenera cha chomera chikuwoneka, matenda ndi tizilombo toononga ndizosowa kwambiri. Koma zinthu zoterezi zingachepetse chitetezo cha mthupi:

• kusowa kwa chinyezi;
• kukwera;
• kusowa kwa dzuwa;
• nthaka acidification.

Matenda ambiri omwe amabwera ndi mabakiteriya omwe ali ndi mavitaminiwa ndi awa:

1. nkhaka ndi fodya;
2. masamba;
3. mavitamini ndi tomato;
4. fodya necrosis.

Chikhalidwe chokhudzidwa chiyenera kuchotsedwa ndi kutenthedwa. Monga chiwopsezo, ndikofunikira kuthana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba m'nthawi yake, yomwe ndi chonyamulira cha matendawa.

Komanso phokoso la petunias limakhudzidwa ndi matenda otsatirawa a fungal.:

• powdery mildew;
• chowonetsa mochedwa;
• mwendo wakuda;
• malo a bulauni.

Kulimbana ndi matenda a fungus kungakhale ndi chithandizo cha mankhwala monga Fitosporin ndi Trichodermin.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi owopsa:

1. aphid;
2. slugs;
3. zopanda;
4. whitefly.

Mankhwala opatsirana monga Aktara ndi Confidor amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mungathe kulimbana ndi nthata zamadzimadzi mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala otero - Demitan ndi Aktellik. Slugs ikhoza kukhumudwa ngati metaldede imafalikira panthaka.

Zinthu zoberekera

Cuttings

Njira yoberekera ndi yovuta kwambiri. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito kulima kukongoletsa mitundu ya petunia.

The cuttings ikuchitika kumayambiriro March, ndipo mu April ndi chilimwe mbewu adzakhala pachimake otseguka pansi. Koma nyengo yonse yokula idzayamba kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira. Panthawi imeneyi, kuunikira ndi kuthamanga kwambiri ndizofunikira kwambiri. Perekani chomeracho ndi kufalitsa kwathunthu kwa maola 16.

Mukamapanga chitsamba chobiriwira, mutha kudula masambawo ndikumawadyetsa panthaka yokoma ya rooting. Pambuyo pa sabata, mizu idzakula, ndipo chomeracho chidzaikidwa muzitsulo zosiyana kapena pansi.

Mbewu

Pogwiritsira ntchito njira yoberekera, sizingatheke kuti mupeze mbande zokwanira. Chifukwa chake ndi kovuta kwambiri kupeza zinthu zakutchire zakubzala. Kuonjezera apo, mbande zimafuna kusamalira mosamala, zomwe zilibe mphamvu kwa alimi osadziŵa zambiri.

Ndikofunikira! Mukamabzala mbeu kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa kuunikira kwina. Komanso, zomera izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zowawa. Izi zikhoza kutetezedwa ndi kuyang'anira nthaka chinyezi.

Mavuto angakhalepo

Pamene mukukula podunias, mavuto otsatirawa angayambe.:

1. Kupanda maluwa ndi chikhalidwe chosakondweretsa. Izi ndizotheka ndi mvula yamphamvu kwambiri padziko lapansi kapena mvula yambiri. Ngati n'kotheka, muyenera kusuntha maluwa kumsasa ndi kuonetsetsa kuthirira.
2. Kupanda maluwa ambiri. Izi zimachitika pamene zosalongosoka zimadyetsa kapena kusachotsa masamba osalala. Ngati sichichotsedwe panthaŵi yake, chomeracho chidzachita khama kwambiri pa mapangidwe a zipatso, osati ma inflorescences atsopano.
3. Kupanda kuyang'ana kokongola ndi kokongola. Kupanga chomera kumathandiza kuthetsa vutoli. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kutsitsa mphukira pamwamba pa tsamba lachitatu. Izi ndi zokondweretsa kwambiri za bookmarking maluwa.

Petunia yochepetsetsa ndi chomera chokongola ndi chokongola chomwe chikukula bwino pamtunda. Pakukula kumakhala wodzichepetsa, kotero ngakhale oyamba akhoza. Koma ngakhale mosasamala, maluwawo amatha kufa kapena amakhala akudwala nthawi zonse.