Hippeastrum - maluwa okongoletsa okongola omwe anabwera kwa ife kuchokera ku Central America. M'chi Greek, dzina la chomera limatanthauza "nyenyezi ya mphutsi". Chifukwa cha kukongola kwake kodabwitsa, maluwawo amadziwika kwambiri pakati pa florists. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mitundu yodabwitsa kwambiri, yosangalatsa ya hippeastrum komanso makamaka mitundu yake.
Hippeastrum Leopold (Nippeastrum leopoldii)
Mitundu ya hippeastrum imaphatikizapo mitundu 80. Hippeastrum Léopold anali atalipatsidwe mu mawonekedwe osiyana mu 1867. Muzochitika zachikhalidwe zomwe zimapezeka ku Peru ndi Bolivia.
Babu la mitundu iyi ili ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, imatha kufika masentimita 8 mu kukula. Zambiri za inflorescences zimakula kuchokera ku babu. Masambawo amakhala aakulu, amafanana ndi mawonekedwe a lamba wodulidwa pamtunda, kufika mamita 50 m'litali, mpaka 3-4 masentimita m'lifupi.
Mitu iwiri ya maluwa imapangidwa kuchokera ku tsinde limodzi. Mutu wa duwa ndi waukulu, wokhala ndi masentimita 20 mpaka makumi awiri, umayimilidwa ndi makala asanu kapena asanu. Maonekedwe amafanana ndi mapawa a maluwa, koma pang'ono ndi pang'ono.
Pakati pa duwali ndi lobiriwira, masambawa ndi ofiira pakati, ndipo amawoneka ndi mikwingwirima yoyera m'mphepete ndi m'munsi. Maluwa a mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosaoneka bwino, chifukwa cha mtundu wofiira wofiira ndi mikwingwirima yoyera, zikuwoneka kuti ndi velvet.
Kuphulika mu kugwa. Kuberekera kumachitika pogawa anyezi. Malamulo oyendetsera chisamaliro ndi awa:
- kuunikira bwino;
- kuthirira mobwerezabwereza pa maluwa;
- Panthawi yopuma madzi okwanira ndi ofanana;
- madzi okwanira - kutentha kwa chipinda;
- Mababu ayenera kutetezedwa ku madzi.
- kamodzi pa masabata awiri ndi kofunikira kuti manyowa (kuchokera panthawi yomwe mphukira ipangidwe ndi mpaka masamba atayanika);
- Kupatsirana kumachitika nthawi yonse (August).
Ndikofunikira! Kupereka chounikira chomera, chitetezeni ku dzuwa lachindunji ndi kutentha kwambiri. Apo ayi, duwa lidzatha msanga.
Hippeastrum malo (Nippeastrum pardinum)
Mitundu imeneyi imatchedwanso lebwe. Hippeastrum ili ndi mawonekedwe akuluakulu komanso masamba akuluakulu omwe amatha kufika masentimita 60 m'litali, mpaka mamita 4 m'lifupi. Mitu iwiri ya maluwa imachokera ku tsinde. 
Maluwa ambiri ndi aakulu, mpaka masentimita 20. Kawirikawiri amakhala ndi zazikulu zazikulu zisanu ndi chimodzi, zazikulu, zimayang'ana pamapeto. Mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana imasiyanasiyana:
- chofiira;
- pinki;
- lalanje;
- lime;
- rasipiberi
- bulauni.
Maluwa sagwiritsa ntchito monochrome, nthawi zambiri amaphatikiza pinki ndi yoyera, yofiira ndi yobiriwira, yofiira ndi yoyera, yalanje ndi yobiriwira. Pakati pa oimira monochrome nthawi zambiri pali ofiira, lalanje ndi laimu.
Mukudziwa? Hippeastrum amatanthauza zomera zomwe maluwa amachotsa poizoni zinthu. Choncho, Thirani, processing zomera analimbikitsa kuvala magolovesi. Apo ayi, kupsa mtima kumapweteka pakhungu.
Hippeastrum parrot woboola pakati (Nippeastrum psittacinum)
Zokongola za Brazil zimaonedwa kuti ndi malo obadwira a chomera ichi. Zizindikiro zosiyana za zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mawonekedwe a maluwa, ndi: kutalika kwa chomeracho, chomwe chimakwera kufika mita imodzi, mtundu wobiriwira wa masamba, chiwerengero cha peduncles pa tsinde. Masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe ngati lamba omwe amapezeka ku Hippeastrum mpaka 50 cm.
Mosiyana ndi zamoyo zomwe zatchulidwa kale, hippeastrum yoboola pakati ili ndi maluwa ochulukirapo. Kuchokera ku phesi limodzi kumapita mpaka mitu inayi ya maluwa. Maluwa akhoza kukhala ndi mapaundi asanu ndi asanu ndi limodzi a mawonekedwe oblong.
Kusiyana kwakukulu kwa mitundu yosiyana ndi mtundu wa motley mtundu wa pamakhala. Pakatikati mukhoza kukhala wobiriwira kapena wobiriwira. Mphepete mwa pakhosi nthawi zambiri imakhala yofiira kapena yofiira ndi zoyera kapena zachikasu, mikwingwirima yobiriwira pakati. Iyo imamasula mu masika.
Hippeastrum mfumu (Nippeastrum reginae)
Nyumba ya mitundu imeneyi ndi Central America ndi Mexico. Masamba ndi ofanana ndi nsonga yozungulira. Kutalika kwake kumakhala masentimita 60, m'lifupi ndi masentimita 4. Mpaka mitu inayi ya maluwa imachokera ku phesi limodzi.
Mutu wa maluwawo uli ngati mawonekedwe a asterisk okhala ndi zigawo zisanu ndi chimodzi zowonekera kumapeto. Petals monochrome, khalani ndi maonekedwe okongola kwambiri. Mitundu yofiira, yofiirira, ya lalanje. Pakatikati likhoza kukhala loyera ndi kuwala kobiriwira kapena mdima wofiira. Zimatuluka m'nyengo yozizira komanso yophukira.
Ndikofunikira! Pambuyo maluwa, onetsetsani kuti mudula mitu ya maluwa, kuti asadye zakudya zomwe mizu imafunikira panthawiyi. Masamba sakuyenera kukhudza, amawotha. Chomeracho chimafunika kuika chaka chilichonse, chifukwa chidzafulumira kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zothandiza panthaka.
Hippeastrum reticulum (Nippeastrum reticulatum)
Zosiyanasiyana zimachokera ku Brazil. Chomeracho chimafika masentimita 50 mu msinkhu. Masamba amatenga masentimita 30 m'litali, mpaka masentimita asanu m'lifupi. Mitu itatu kapena isanu ya maluwa imachokera ku tsinde. Zinthu zosiyana siyana ndi izi:
- Kukhalapo pakati pa masamba a gulu loyera, lomwe liri pafupifupi pafupifupi kutalika kwa tsamba;
- maluwa aakulu a maluwa okongola okongola a pinki kapena oyera-pinki;
- fungo lokoma.
Pazitali zamitundu yonse kutalika kwake amathyoledwa kwambiri ndi mizere yoonda, motero, pinki kapena yoyera. Maluwa amawoneka okoma ndi okoma mtima. Amamasula m'dzinja mpaka kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yozizira.Hippeastrum pabuka (Nippeastrum striatum / striata / rutilum)
Muzochitika zachilendo zimamera m'madera amitengo ku Brazil. Zing'onoting'ono zimapangidwa ngati zomera zapanyumba. Uyu ndi mmodzi mwa oimira ang'ono kwambiri a Hippeastrum. Amatha kutalika kwa masentimita 30 okha.
Masentimita pafupifupi 50 cm, pafupifupi masentimita asanu m'lifupi, ali ndi kuwala kobiriwira. Kuchokera mu tsinde limodzi mukhoza kuchoka mitu ya maluwa awiri kapena asanu.
Maluwa a maluwa amaimiridwa ndi ma tepi asanu ndi awiri, otalika (pafupifupi 2 cm). Pakatikati muli chobiriwira chobiriwira, mofanana ndi asterisk, ndipo pamakhala phokoso lofiira kwambiri. Amamasula m'nyengo yozizira komanso yamasika.
Mukudziwa? Mitundu iliyonse ya hippeastrum ili ndi nthawi yake ya maluwa ndi mpumulo. Komabe, malinga ndi malamulo a kubzala, kusintha nthawi yobzala mababu, mukhoza kusintha maluwa nthawi ya chomera.Zinyama zili ndi mitundu ingapo:
- Hippeastrum striatum var. Acuminatum (maluwa ofiira achikasu);
- Citrinamu (yosiyana ndi mandimu-chikasu cha maluwa);
- Fulgidum (ma petals osiyana omwe ali ndi mtundu wofiira wofiira);
- Hippeastrum striatum var. Rutilum (maluwa okongola ndi malo obiriwira).
Hippeastrum pabuka zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana (Hippeastrum striatum var. Acuminatum)
Mtunduwu ndi mtundu wa pabuka zosiyanasiyana. Zimasiyana ndi Nippeastrum striatum mu msinkhu, mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wa pamakhala. Kutalika, chomeracho chikhoza kufika kuchokera mamita mita kufika mita. Pa tsinde limodzi, 4-6 maluwa mitu nthawi zambiri amachoka, kawirikawiri awiri. 
Maluwawo ndi aakulu kuposa mitundu yambiri ya nyama, amasonyeza mapeto. Masamba a mtundu uwu ali ndi mawonekedwe ngati lamba, kuyambira mamita 30 mpaka 60 cm kutalika, ndipo kuyambira 4 cm mpaka masentimita asanu. Petals ali ndi mthunzi wofiira wachikasu, pakati amaimiridwa ndi green "asterisk" yobiriwira. Zimakondweretsa pachimake m'nyengo yozizira ndi yamasika.
Hippeastrum kaso (Hippeastrum elegans / solandriflorum)
Chomeracho chimakula mpaka masentimita 70 m'litali. Kunja kofanana kwambiri ndi maluwa. Masamba a mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe, mpaka masentimita 45 m'litali ndi masentimita atatu. Mitu inayi ya maluwa imachokera ku tsinde limodzi. Nkhumba ndi zazikulu, zoboola pakati, ndi mfundo kumapeto. Kutalika kwa pamimba kumatha kufika masentimita 25. 
Maluwa a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ali ndi mdima wonyezimira ndi wachikasu, akhoza kuvekedwa ndi mawanga ofiira kapena mzere wofiira woonda. Pakati pali wobiriwira wobiriwira. Iyo imamasula mu Januwale ndi nyengo yonse.
Ndikofunikira! Mukamadzaza hippeastrum, onetsetsani kudula mizu yovunda ndi youma yomwe imachokera ku babu. Izi zimachitika ndi lumo lakuthwa. Magawo a malo ayenera kuwaza ndi makala amdima.
Hippeastrum mizere (Hippeastrum vittatum)
Mitundu imeneyi ili ndi maluwa okongola kwambiri. Zimasiyanasiyana ndi mitundu ina mwa makonzedwe a pamakhala. Zonsezi ziripo zisanu ndi chimodzi pamutu, ndipo zimayikidwa ngati zigawo zitatu za katatu. 
Kutalika chomeracho chifikira kuchokera 50 cm kufika mita imodzi. Masamba ali ndi chobiriwira chobiriwira, oblong ndi mapeto ake. Kutalika kufika 60 cm, ndi m'lifupi - mpaka masentimita 3 3. Kuchokera mu tsinde limodzi kuchoka pamitu iwiri kapena sikisi ya maluwa.
Nkhumba zimakhala zofiirira, zoyera ndi chitumbuwa kapena mikwingwirima yofiira pamphepete ndi pakati, zinkatsimikizira mapeto. Amamasula m'chilimwe.
Mukudziwa? Chidziwikire cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi chakuti masamba ake amawonekera pambuyo pa masambawo.
Hippeastrum pabuka (Hippeastrum striatum var fulgidum)
Izi zosiyanasiyana ndi mtundu wa hippeastrum striatum. Zimasiyana ndi mitundu yayikulu ya masamba ndi masamba ambiri, mtundu wa phala ndi babu yayikulu, yomwe panthawi ya chitukuko chomera imapanga anyezi anyezi (amamera ndikuchulukitsa).
Nkhumba za mtundu uwu, mosiyana ndi Nippeastrum striatum, zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ophimba ndipo zimakhala pafupifupi masentimita 10 m'litali ndi 2-3 masentimita m'lifupi. Maluwawo ali ndi zofiira zokongola kwambiri. Pakatikati muli wobiriwira mu mawonekedwe a asterisk.
Hippeastrum imayimilidwa ndi mitundu yambiri. Nkhaniyi imapereka lingaliro lachidziwitso cha zomwe zimachitika gippeastrum, ndipo anakambirana zapamwamba kwambiri, mitundu yokongola.
Kuchokera pazofotokozedwa pamwambapa, tingathe kunena kuti mitundu ya zomera imasiyana mu msinkhu, kutalika kwake, kukula kwake ndi mtundu wa maluwa, komanso nyengo ya maluwa. Apo ayi, iwo ali ofanana.
