Mbalame yotchedwa Clary imadziwika ndi ntchito yake kuphika, perfumery ndi winemaking. Masamba ake amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga zokometsera zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Mafuta ofunikira omwe amachokera kumbali ya chikhalidwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati wothandizira vinyo, mavinyo, ndi fodya. Ngati muli ndi mwayi wokukula chomera chokongola ichi kumbuyo kwanu, tikukupatsani malangizo ofotokoza kuti mukulima bwino, komanso malamulo odzala ndi kusamalira.
Salvia (salvia) amatulutsa: kufotokoza
Sage (lat. Salvia sclarea) ndi yokhazikika yosamalidwa bwino komanso mankhwala a banja la Labiotus. Semishrub imakula makamaka m'madera otentha ndi madera otentha padziko lonse lapansi. Mitundu pafupifupi 700 ya mitunduyi imagawidwa m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, omwe awiri amaonedwa kuti ali pangozi. Sage nutmeg imalimidwa ku Ulaya ndi ku America. Mu chikhalidwe cha Salvia nutmeg - udzu wa zaka ziwiri.
Dzina la chomeracho chimatchedwa kuti linachokera ku liwu lachilatini salvus, lomwe likutanthawuza kuti losagwedezeka, wathanzi. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zina maluwa amakhalanso ndi zitsamba za thanzi, ndipo mzeru ndi Muscat - ndi diso la Khristu.
Chitsambachi chikukula mkati mwa mita. Amamera kuyambira chilimwe mpaka mwezi wa September, mweziwo. Maluwa okongola obiriwira, obiriwira kapena obiriwira amasonkhanitsidwa pamapiko otchedwa paniculate ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 40. Amabereka zipatso mu August-September. Inflorescences ndi masamba ali ndi mafuta ochuluka kwambiri. Kukoma kwa katswiri ndi astringent, fungo ndi lamphamvu, lakuthwa, lowawa.
Mukudziwa? Mafuta ofunikira a mitundu ina amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga astringent, antiseptic ndi mankhwala ochizira - pofuna kuchiza matenda a impso, pakamwa, m'mimba, kupweteka maso, pofuna kupewa matenda opatsirana. Sage nayenso ndi aphrodisiac.
Zizindikiro za maluwa obiriwira kumunda, komwe angabzala sage m'dziko
Sage nutmeg - mbewuyi ndi yopanda ulemu mu chisamaliro ndipo sichifuna malo apadera obzala. Komabe, izo zimakondabebe, zomwe zidzakwaniritse zomwe zidzatsimikizira kukula kwake, maluwa akutali, kukana matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.
Kusankha malo oti akule bwino
Pofuna kubzala mchere, malo omwe amatha kuyendetsa bwino (makamaka kuchokera kum'mwera), popeza chikhalidwechi ndi chofunika kwambiri, amatanthauza zomera za tsiku lonse. Udzu samakonda shading ndi makulidwe - mu zikhalidwe zotero, zimayambira kukula bwino, ndipo masamba amakhala ochepa. Komanso, pamene mukukula mumthunzi, chomerachi chimayamba kudwala matenda.
Komanso maluwa a thermophilic - kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku + 19-21 ºС adzakhala omasuka kuti akule bwino. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, maluwa amalola kuti chisanu chisamwalire - sichifa ngakhale pamtundu wa mercury pa thermometer wayandikira -30 ºї. Komabe, malo odzala a zomera ayenera kutetezedwa bwino kuchokera ku chimbudzi chozizira.
Ndikofunikira! Musati mubzale mchere wambiri pa malo omwewo kwa zaka zingapo mzere (zoposa zaka 3-4). Chowonadi ndi chakuti mizu ya mbewu imatulutsa mafuta ofunikira m'nthaka, ndipo izi zimapangitsa kuti pang'onopang'ono kukula mu mbeu.
Zosowa za nthaka
Sage imadaliranso dothi, komabe kuti likhale lokongoletsera kwambiri, payenera kusamalidwa kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti nthaka yomwe idabzalidwa ndi yolemera, yachonde, yopanda ndale kapena yowonjezera pang'ono, ndi phosphorous, potaziyamu ndi nayitrogeni yokwanira. Malo otsika otchire ndi mchenga ndi abwino.
Zitha kupulumuka ku dothi lolemera komanso lachinyontho, koma pakali pano lidzatayika mu kukongola kwa maluwa. Sakonda dziko lachinyontho komanso pafupi ndi madzi apansi.
Momwe mungamere mchere (salvia) nutmeg
Ngati mwatsimikiza mtima kuti mutenge maluwa mumunda ndikuganizira momwe mungabzalidwe, sipadzakhalanso zovuta kwa inu. Chomeracho chimafalitsidwa m'njira ziwiri: mbewu ndi zomera. Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane aliyense wa iwo. 
Mbali za mbewu zachonde zomwe zimakula: liti, ndi pati komanso kubzala bwanji salvia
Ambiri amamera ndi chithandizo cha mbewu. Mbewu yobereka ingabzalidwe m'njira zingapo:
- kudziyimira;
- yophukira kubzala;
- nyengo yobzala mbewu;
- Njira yopanda mbewu.
Kupeza mbewu kumachokera ku zomera zowonjezereka komanso zathanzi za chaka chachiwiri cha moyo. Mbewu zikamera ndi 70-75%, inflorescences amadulidwa ndi kupachikidwa pansi pa denga la kucha, pamene zinyalala kapena pepala zikufalikira pansipa. Nkofunika kuti musaphonye nthawi ya mbeu yakukolola, mwinamwake iwo amatha msanga kugona mokwanira. Pambuyo pazitsulo, nyembazo zouma ndi kuyeretsa zodetsa pogwiritsa ntchito sieve.
Kumapeto kwa mwezi wa October - kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa November, masiku asanu ndi limodzi (8-10) musanafese, nthaka idakumbidwa, kuchotsedwa namsongole, imabweretsa humus kapena kompositi (1-2 zidebe / m2) ndi phosphorous-potassium mchere feteleza (20-30 g / sq.m. Pitirizani kufesa. Mbewu imafesedwa m'madzi ndi kuya kwa 1.5-2 masentimita. Mtunda wa masentimita 45 umasiyidwa pakati pa mizere.
Ndikofunikira! Mbewu sayenera kukayikira chisanu, mwinamwake mitengo idzafa. Choncho, ndikofunikira kulingalira nthawi yofesa - ndi bwino kuchigwira musanakhale chisanu choyamba.
Mu nthaka yozizira, mbewu zidzakula. Poyamba kutentha kwa kasupe ka 10-12 10-12, kutuluka kwa mphukira kungatheke. Zomera zowonongeka zimafunika kuti zikhale zochepa, zizisiya pakati pa 8-10 masentimita.
Nkhumba zouma, kupatula momwe zingakulire kuchokera ku mbewu, zimatha kufalikira ndi mbande. Pachifukwa ichi, kumapeto kwa March, mbeuyi imayikidwa m'madzi otentha, kumera masiku angapo. Kenaka amafesedwa miphika yosiyana, mapepala apulasitiki kapena chidebe chokhala ndi gawo lonse lapansi kwa mbande kwa 1 cm masentimita. Mbewu zimaphimbidwa ndi galasi ndikuyika malo ofunda, okonzeka bwino. Kuwombera kumawoneka mkati mwa mwezi. Pamene masamba oyambirira akuonekera, galasi ikhoza kuchotsedwa. Mbande ayenera kukhala thinned ndi kuumitsidwa. Kuti muchite izi, tulutseni tsiku lililonse mpweya wabwino, kuyambira maola 1-1.5, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezeka nthawi yomwe zimamera mumlengalenga kwa theka la ora. Chakumapeto kwa May, iwo akhoza kubzalidwa malo osatha m'munda. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito njira ziwiri. Pakati pa mizere achoke 15-20 masentimita, pakati pa matepi - 50-60 masentimita, pakati pa mphukira - 20 masentimita.
Pankhani ya kumera kwa kasupe ndi njira yopanda mbeu, mbewu, masiku asanu ndi limodzi (6-10) tsiku lisanayambe kubzala, zimayikidwa mu chidebe ndi mchenga wouma (1: 2 chiŵerengero). Chidebecho chimayikidwa mu chipinda chodzitentha ndi kutentha kwa 20-25 ºС. Pambuyo pa kuoneka koyera kumabzalidwa motseguka pansi mpaka 2-4 cm masentimita. Mtunda wa pakati pa mizere ndi 30-45 masentimita. Mabedi amakhala ndi filimu. Mizera yapakati imakhala namsongole nthawi ndi nthawi.
Njira yobzala mbeu ya msuzi: njira yofalitsira zomera pogawanitsa chitsamba
Kumapeto kwa chilimwe mungathe kugawa tchire. Pochita izi, kukumba mizu ndikudulira ndi mpeni kapena fosholo. Nthendayi imatengedwa ndi fungicide. Mitengo yachinyamata m'chaka choyamba cha moyo nyengo yozizira isanafike. 
Maziko a Clary Sage
Kusamalira luso ndi losavuta. Amafuna kupalira nthawi zonse, kumasula nthaka ndi kuthirira nthawi youma.
Kusamba malamulo
Kuthirira chomera kumafuna kokha maluwa asanakhalepo. Pambuyo pake, zikhoza kupirira chilala champhindi. Komabe, ngati pali mwayi woterewu, panthawi youma maluwawo ayenera kuthiridwa moyenera. Masewera owonjezera a chinyezi sakonda.
Kusamalira dothi
Kutsegulira koyamba kwa mizere yozungulira kumakhala mu March mpaka kuya kwa masentimita 8 mpaka 10. Pambuyo pake - ngati pakufunika, pamene kutumphuka kumapanga nthaka ndi kuthirira, pafupifupi 3-4 pa chaka. Njirayi idzakuthandizani kupeza mpweya wa oxygen ku mizu ya maluwa. Komanso, zomera zimakonda nthaka kuzungulira kuti zikhale zoyera ndi namsongole, choncho nthawi ndi nthawi zimayenera kuzungulira ndi kupalira. M'nyengo yozizira, tchire liyenera kukhala ndi masamba a spruce kapena masamba owuma.
Momwe manyowa amadziwira bwino
Mu kasupe, chomeracho chiyenera kudyetsedwa ndi mchere feteleza. 12-15 g wa ammonium sulphate, 20-25 g wa superphosphate, 8-10 g wa potaziyamu mchere amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa lalikulu mita. Angakhale feteleza ndi manyowa.
Nthawi komanso momwe mungakolole zomera
Mofanana ndi zitsamba zambiri zokhala ndi masamba aakulu, clary sage amafuna kudulira. Izi ziyenera kuchitika ndi zomera ziwiri. Dulani 10-15 masentimita kuchokera pansi mu autumn kapena kumayambiriro kasupe. Koma kudulira mitengo kumachitika kokha ngati inflorescences sichidulidwa kuti ziwume.
Mukudziwa? Kuwonjezera apo, kuti clary sali ndi makhalidwe okongoletsera komanso ochiritsa, imakhalanso ndi chomera chabwino kwambiri cha uchi. Kupanga kwake ndi 200-300 makilogalamu pa ha 1.
Tizilombo ndi Matenda a Clary Sage
Sage nutmeg ingakhudze woyera kuvunda, powdery mildew. Pofuna kuteteza matenda ndikofunika kutsata malamulo oyendetsa mbewu (musamabzalitse mpendadzuwa pambali pake ndi pambuyo pake), mosamalitsa kutsuka zotsalira zakutchire mu kugwa ndikupukuta kwambiri nthaka musanafese. Mankhwalawa ayenera kuchitidwa poletsa anthu kapena njira zowonongeka, popeza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pa zomera zowononga anthu n'koopsa.
Komanso, chomeracho chiyenera kugwidwa ndi tizirombo: nyengo njenjete, njere zam'madzi ndi nkhupakupa. Mizu adapewa maworworms, medvedki. Udzudzu wa msuzi umapweteka kwambiri maluwa, omwe ntchito yake yofunikira ingathe kuwononga ma inflorescence, komanso sage jay. Pafupifupi, nthendayi imakhudzidwa ndi mitundu 40 ya tizilombo.
Kuchulukitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kulima pakati pa mizere, kuwonongeka kwa namsongole kwa nthawi yake, kubzala mbewu pafupi ndikuwopsya, kukonza ndi chilengedwe kapena mankhwala ophera tizirombo.
Kukolola Sage ndi Kusungirako
Masamba a sage kuti adye amathetsedwa ngati momwe akufunikira, nthawi zambiri asanayambe maluwa. Inflorescences ikhoza kudulidwa mwamsanga pamene chomera chikuyamba kuphulika. Chinthu chokha, musakhudze tchire pofuna kulandira mbewu. Masamba atsopano amawonjezeredwa ku supu, sauces, saladi. Mwa izi, mukhoza kumwa tiyi.
Ngati chomeracho chikukula chifukwa cha mafuta oyenera, inflorescences amachotsedwa panthawi yamaluwa komanso isanafike fruiting. Kukolola kwa misa kudzasonkhanitsidwa kokha chaka chachiwiri cha zomera. Pambuyo podulidwa, ndibwino kudyetsa sage ndi njira yothetsera minda yamchere.
Mukakolola nthanga kwa nthawi yoyamba, masamba ndi inflorescences kumayambiriro kwa maluwa amadulidwa ndipo amaumitsidwa m'magulu pamphepete mwa denga kapena m'chipinda chouma mpweya wabwino kutentha kwa 25-30 ºС, pamene mukupewa dzuwa. Chipinda chapamwamba ndi choyenera kuyanika, ndizotheka kuyimitsa masamba kumeneko osati mu hover, koma kuziyika pamapepala. Masamba owuma amawasungira mabokosi otsekedwa kwambiri kapena mitsuko ya galasi kwa zaka zoposa ziwiri.
Tikukhulupirira kuti mulibenso mafunso ena okhudzana ndi phindu lothandizira la clary komanso za zomwe mukulima. Maluwa amenewa angasonyeze makhalidwe ake okongoletsera m'mapangidwe a malo monga chomera chachiwiri, maziko a mbewu zochepa. Ikani luso pamabedi ndi osakanikirana, kukongoletsa malire. Anagwiritsa ntchito kudula bouquets.
