Kodi ndi chifukwa chotani kumanga tomato panja

Pafupifupi alimi onse omwe amalima mbewu zosiyanasiyana pamunda wawo amakhala akugona pabedi - tomato. Izi sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa kukula kwa zipatso izi palokha ndi kokondweretsa kwambiri. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yosiyana kwambiri. M'dera lathu kubzala kumayang'aniridwa ndi maluwa akuluakulu a phwetekere, omwe amapereka zipatso zazikulu. Ngakhale kuti amafuna nthawi yambiri kuti adzisamalire okha, zotsatira zake zidzakhala zothandiza nthawi zonse. Osati mtengo wotsiriza pa kulima tomato ndi garter yawo. Kuwonjezera apo mu nkhaniyi tiphunzira momwe tingamangirire tomato wamtali wobzala kuthengo, ndipo tiwone zomwe, makamaka, akuyenera kumangirizidwa.

Zamkatimu:

• Njira
• Pamatumba
• Pa trellis
• Zitsemba zamasamba
• Nkhono
• Malangizo ndi zidule

Chifukwa chiani?

Ziribe kanthu momwe phesi la zomerali likhoza kukhalira, odziwa wamaluwa akadali olimbitsa kwambiri kulumikiza tomato. Pafupi mitundu yonse ya phwetekere imafuna kutero, ndipo Garter wa tomato wamtali ndi ofunika kwambirizomwe nthawi zambiri zimafika kutalika kwa mamita awiri.

Onetsetsani kuti mitundu ya phwetekere ili ndi chiyani: Siberia Yoyamba, Shutti, Buluwa wa Shuga, Drop Honey, Kadinali, Verlioka, Gigolo, Pink Paradise, Golden Heart, Red wofiira "," Rapunzel "," Wosungidwa uchi. "

Koma za mitundu ya phwetekere yochepa, samasowa garter, ndi yayikulu. Koma mitundu yotereyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi alimi osachepera, chifukwa aliyense amayesera kugwiritsa ntchito chiwembu chake moyenera, ndipo tomato wamtali ndi ofunika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mitundu yochepa.

Katemera wa phwetekere ndi njira yofunikira kwambiri. Imachita ntchito zambiri zothandiza:

1. Nthata za phwetekere sizimatha panthawi ya kukula, komanso pansi pa kulemera kwa zipatso zowutsa mudyo. Machitidwe a chikhalidwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito osati kupulumuka, koma pakuonetsetsa zokolola zabwino.
2. Chitsamba, chomwe chiri pamtunda, chimatseguka dzuwa ndi mpweya wabwino, zomwe zimakhudza chitukuko chake ndi fecundity.
3. Mvula sidzavulaza chikhalidwe chomwe chabzala poyera. Ngati chomera cha tomato chimaikidwa pamtunda, ndiye kuti msipu wobiriwira ndi zipatso sizidzavunda panthaka yowonongeka.
4. Chomera chimene chadutsa garter n'chosavuta kupopera.
5. Zimakhalanso zosavuta kuchita njira zina zothandizira, makamaka, kuti mulch ndi spud zomera, udzu udzu.
6. Zimadziwika kuti mukamwetsa tomato zimalimbikitsa kupewa chinyezi pa gawo la mbeu. Chifukwa cha garter kukwaniritsa zofunikira zotere sizidzakhala zovuta.
7. Chifukwa cha garter, zipatso zimayikidwa pamwamba mokwanira pansi, zomwe zidzateteze kuti asagwidwe ndi slugs ndi mbewa.

Malinga ndi zonse zomwe tafotokozazi, payenera kukhala osakayikira za kufunikira kwa garter ya tomato. Ndi bwino kumanga garters kwa masiku osachepera 15-20 mutabzala mbande mmalo mwa kukula kosatha. Njira za tomato zomwe zimabzalidwa kuthengo, zimasiyana. Kenaka, timalingalira zomwe zimawoneka bwino.

Njira

Kukula kwa munda sikumayima. Odyetsa nthawi zonse amapereka chidwi cha mitundu yonse ya mbewu zamasamba. Komanso, alimi amadziwa njira zambiri zomangirizira tomato pa webusaitiyi. Mphamvu ya ambiri yatsimikiziridwa ndi chizoloŵezi, kotero kuti woyang'anira minda amatha kusankha pafupifupi aliyense wa iwo.

Zofunika kwambiri mu kulima tomato ndi pasynkovanie ndi chomera zakudya.

Pamatumba

Imeneyi ndiyo njira yodziwika kwambiri yothandizira kukhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi chikhalidwe cha phwetekere. Pochita izi, muyenera kuyendetsa khola pafupi ndi chomera m'nthaka, ndiyeno musamalumikize mosamala tsinde. Ngati ndi kotheka, garter iyenera kupangidwa m'malo osiyanasiyana. Kutalika kwa mtanda kumakhala pafupi masentimita 20 pamwamba pa tsinde la phwetekere. Gwirani tsinde pachigamba kungakhale nsalu iliyonse. Koma ndi bwino kusankha zakuthupi, popeza nsalu yachilengedwe idzavunda ndipo izi zidzawononge zomera.

Ndikofunikira! Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzimangiriza tomato ndi chingwe cholimba kapena waya, chifukwa iwo amadula mu tsinde la mbewu ndikuvulaza chitukuko ndi kukula kwake.

Tikulimbikitsanso kuti musanayambe kubiritsa zinthuzo, zomwe zidzachitikire garter. Choncho mungapewe matenda ndi majeremusi. Komanso m'masitolo apadera anagulitsa "ziphuphu", zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuteteza tomato, zingagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Galter yokhayo iyenera kupangidwa mokwera momwe zingathere, pamene ma harchi sayenera kuumitsidwa mwamphamvu, monga tomato amatha kufa basi. Pamene phwetekere imakula, garter ikhoza kusunthidwa pang'ono kapena kuchotsedwa ndi kumangidwanso.

Pa trellis

Ngati pali tomato ambiri obzalidwa kutchire, ndiye garter pogwiritsira ntchito njira ya peg ingakhale yosokoneza kugwiritsira ntchito. Ndi bwino kuti tizimanga zomera pa trellis.

Mukufuna zipilala zamphamvu ndi baru yayitali yaitali. Nkhumba ziyenera kuyendetsa galimoto kumbali zonse za mabedi, ndi pakati pa pamtengo kuti mutambasule ndi kutetezera waya. Kumanga zomera ayenera kukhala mwachindunji ku waya. Njira iyi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mosiyanasiyana:

1. Tambani waya wolimba pakati pa mipiringidzo yapamwamba pamtunda wa mamita 2 ndikugwiritsira ntchito zingwe zautali zomwe zingathe kufika pa tsinde ndi waya. Mapesi a tomato amakula ndi kupotoza mapewa awa pamene akukula.
2. Onetsani mizere yochepa ya waya, komanso muwapezere pamapepala. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, chitsamba chilichonse cha phwetekere chiyenera kumangidwa pamtunda, kapena kupwetekedwa pamene zikukula kupyola, ndikupanga mtundu wa phwetekere.

Mosasamala kanthu komwe mungasankhidwe, muyenera kukumbukira kuti simungathe kudalira zingwe pa mapesi a chomera. Komanso, njira yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi yokwanira kwa zipatso zapadera, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zolemetsa.

Ndikofunikira! Pa bedi lalitali malingaliro angakhale abwino, atapanga mphamvu. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani zitsulo zingapo pakati pa ziwirizikulu. Pankhani iyi, ngakhale mphepo yamkuntho siingathe kuwononga garter.

Zitsemba zamasamba

Komanso, wamaluwa amatha kupanga maselo a tomato awo. Zojambula zoterozo zidzapitirira nthawi yambiri. Zidzakhala zofunikira kupanga zokopa padera pa chitsamba chilichonse cha tomato.

Pogwiritsa ntchito waya wandiweyani ndi wolimba, muyenera kupanga maulendo angapo ofanana. Kenaka amayenera kukhazikika limodzi, kuyendetsa mtunda, pogwiritsa ntchito phokoso loyang'ana, lomwe lingapangidwenso ndi waya. Chotsatiracho chiyenera kukhala mtundu wina wa maselo osakanikirana. Zomangamanga zoterezi ziyenera kuikidwa pa kama pa tchire la tomato ndipo, pamene chomera chikukula, khalani ndi garter.

Ngati sizingatheke kupeza mphamvu yochuluka ya waya, ndiye kuti khola ikhoza kupangidwa ndi matabwa. Mukhozanso kupanga kapangidwe kawiri, kotero sichidzaphimba chitsamba chimodzi, koma zingapo pokha. Kusintha kumeneku kudzakhala odalirika kwambiri kuposa nkhumba zachilendo.

Mukudziwa? Monga zikhalidwe zina zambiri zomwe zinali zatsopano kwa amwenye amwenye, phwetekere ankawoneka ngati woopsa komanso wakupha kwa nthawi yaitali. Lingaliro limeneli linasungidwa mpaka 1820. Mkhalidwe wa chikhalidwe ichi unasintha kokha pambuyo pa Colonel R.G. Johnson akugwiritsa ntchito chidebe cha tomato pabwalo pafupi ndi khoti ku Salem, New Jersey. Khamu la anthulo linadabwa ndikudabwa ndi ndondomekoyi ndikuonetsetsa kuti zinali zosatheka kufa ndi tomato.

Nkhono

Kuti mukhale ndi garter wa tomato obzalidwa potseguka pansi, mungagwiritsenso ntchito mtundu wa makoswe. Njira iyi, mwa njira, ili yoyenera galasi ndi mbewu zina zamasamba.

Pakuti kupanga chipangizo choterocho kumafuna nthambi za ndodo kapena waya. Muyenera kupanga mtundu wa piramidi m'munsi komanso mozungulira mawonekedwe a selo. Makapu amenewa ayenera kuikidwa pa kama pamene akubzala, pamtunda wa mamita 1 kuchokera mzake. Ngati chilolezocho chiloleza, mtunda ukhoza kukhala waukulu kwambiri, izi zidzatchinjiriza kuwonjezeka kwa tomato.

Mukudziwa? Pakalipano, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tomato 10,000 imadziwika. Mbatata yaikulu kwambiri imatha kulemera makilogalamu 1.5, ndipo yaying'ono imakhala yochepa kuposa 2 cm.

Malangizo ndi zidule

Ngakhalenso wofuna kulima minda amatha kugwira ntchito yake, chifukwa njirayi siimayambitsa mavuto enaake:

1. Alimi odziwa ntchito amalimbikitsa chaka chilichonse kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo zatsopano kuti amangirire zimayambira pansi, ngati zikopa zakale zingapangitse matenda osiyanasiyana.
2. Zimalimbikitsanso kuti musanamalize mankhwala onse omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Ndikofunika kuti wiritsani mphasa yomwe idzakhala yogwirizana ndi zomera.
3. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti muzichita zonse zopanda mwamsanga komanso mosamala kuti musawononge tomato. Simungathe kudalira kwambiri zimayambira, mwinamwake chomera chingayambe kufa.

Monga mukuonera, njira zomangirira zimakhala zosavuta, koma zofunikira kwambiri. Poziyika mu mndandanda wa zosamalidwa zosamalira phwetekere, zingatheke kusintha kwambiri chikhalidwe cha phwetekere, kufulumizitsa chitukuko chake, komanso kutetezera kuwonongeka kwa matenda ena.