Kodi parsley ndi masamba kapena ayi?

N'zovuta kupeza munthu amene sakonda parsley. Monga lamulo, masamba odyetsera amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi liwu limeneli mwadzidzidzi, koma mayi aliyense amadziwa kuti muzu wa chomerachi ndi wosavuta komanso wofunika kwambiri kusiyana ndi gawo la pamwamba, choncho parsley nthawi zina amatchedwa masamba, makamaka mzuwo. Kodi chikhalidwe ichi ndi chiyani, momwe zimakhalira, momwe zimasiyanasiyana ndi mitundu ina ya zobiriwira - zonsezi ndi zina zambiri zidzakambidwa mu ndemanga iyi.

Zamkatimu:

• Leafy
• Zachilendo
• Gloria
• Astra
• Breeze
• Muzu
• Shuga
• Alba
• Finale
• Mphungu
• Kufotokozera ndi makhalidwe
• Phindu ndi kuvulaza thupi la munthu
• Kodi zimakula bwanji ndipo zimakhala kuti?
• Kodi ndi chosiyana bwanji ndi celery ndi cilantro?
• Mbali za mankhwala ndi parsley
• Kubzala, kusamalira, kukolola ndi kusungirako
• Matenda ndi tizirombo

Zosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu

Malinga ndi malangizo a ntchito ya parsley (dzina lachilatini la chomera ichi cha banja la ambulera ndi Petroselinum crispum, kumene mawu omalizira amatembenuzidwa kuti "kupiringizika" kapena "kupindika") akhoza kugawa m'magulu awiri: tsamba (Petroselinum crispum var.crispum) ndi mizu (Petroselinum crispum var.tuberosum, kumene mawu otsiriza amatanthauzira kuti "mizu").

Kunja, mitundu yonse iwiri ndi yofanana kwambiri, koma kusiyana kwake ndi kuti masamba a mizu yosiyana siyana ndi okhwimitsa, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazovala zomwe amadyera, ngakhale kwa kanthawi kochepa.

Kawirikawiri Leaf parsley nthawi zambiri imakula ngati mbeu ya pachaka chifukwa cha masamba atsopano ndi onunkhira omwe amadya mwatsopano.

Mitundu yonse ya parsley imadziyimira lero ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu yosiyana ndi mawonekedwe a masamba, kulawa, fungo ndi zina. Taganizirani za mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya mitundu iyi.

Leafy

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, tsamba la parsley silosiyana, ndipo ndilo gawo la mbeu. Mitundu yake yonse imadziwika ndi zotsatira izi:

• chitsamba kutalika - 40-50 cm;
• maonekedwe a masamba ndi owongoka;
• mawonekedwe a tsamba ndi pinnate;
• mizu - muzu masamba;
• chikhalidwe chosatha - chikhalidwe chosatha;
• mawonekedwe a mlengalenga m'chaka choyamba cha moyo - chimanga cha masamba, chomwe chingamere kangapo pambuyo podulira;
• mawonekedwe a mlengalenga m'chaka chachiwiri cha moyo - ambulera inflorescences nthawi yaitali, mpaka masentimita 100, mivi, maluwa ang'onoang'ono, ambiri, achikasu.

Zachilendo

Nthawi zambiri izi zimatchedwa Classic. Zimadziwika ndi zikuluzikulu zonse za Petroselinum crispum var.srispum. Masamba adanena kuti m'mphepete mwa mitsinjeyi muli kusokonezeka kwakukulu. Chipatso cha pepalacho ndi chophweka, chodzaza ndi mdima wonyezimira wonyezimira. Zakale za parsley zili ndi mphamvu zazikulu komanso zokolola zabwino. Patapita masiku 45-60 mutabzala mbewu, yoyamba masamba atsopano amatha kudula, nthawi yochepa ya masamba omwe amawasamalira ndi ofooka kwambiri.

Phunzirani momwe mungabzalitsire ndi kusamalira parsley kunyumba.

Gloria

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yofalikira ndi obadwira achi Dutch. Chifukwa cha nyengo yozizira kwambiri yotentha, imatha kukula m'madera asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu, omwe amafanana ndi gawo la steppe la Crimea ndi kum'maŵa kwa Ukraine, m'madera ozizira ndi oyenera kubzala mu greenhouses. Gloria ndi mitundu yoyamba yakucha ndi mphamvu yakukula, zimatengera pafupifupi miyezi iwiri kuchokera kumera mpaka kukhwima. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka monga gulu la masamba, ali ndi kukoma kokometsetsa ndi fungo lamtengo wapatali. Zabwino zotumizidwa ndi kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali.

Kuzizira ndi kukonzanso kukula kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndizapamwamba kwambiri, pangakhale 20-25 zimayambira mu chingwe ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 20 mpaka 40 ndi masamba ochuluka. Mtundu wa pepalalo ndi wobiriwira, maonekedwe ndi osalala, zigawozo ndi zazikulu. Maluwawo ndi oyera kapena kirimu, ndipo kukula kwa ambulera kumakhala masentimita 15. Muzu wa mbeu ndi wochepa thupi.

Astra

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yoyenera kulima mu greenhouses chaka chonse. Imakula mwamsanga mutatha kudula. Zokololazo ndi zapamwamba, koma pokhala okhwima, Astra ndi yochepa kwambiri kwa Gloria - kuthetsa chiwongoladzanja pakabzala kasupe ndikofunikira kuyambira masiku 80 mpaka 90, ndi nyengo yozizira - 150-180. Maonekedwe ndi mtundu wa masamba ndi ofanana ndi a classic Petroselinum crispum var.crispum. Chifukwa cha mbale zazikulu, zosiyanasiyana, kupatula madzi atsopano, ndizoyenera kukolola nyengo yozizira - kuyanika kapena kuzizira.

Breeze

Breeze ndi nyengo ina ya pakati pa masamba a parsley. Nthawi yakucha yakwana pafupifupi masiku makumi asanu ndi atatu (80) kuchokera pakangoyamba kumene. Mmerawo ndi wamtali komanso wobiriwira, woposa 70 masentimita mu msinkhu ndi wolemera mpaka 80 g, ndipo chingwecho chili chowongoka. Mdima wamdima wobiriwira umadulidwa mu zigawo zitatu, mano pamphepete mwa mbaleyo amawongolera pang'ono. Tsamba la tsambali ndi losalala, ndi labwino lokongola kwambiri, pubescence pa tsinde ndipo masamba salipo. Kukoma kwa masamba ndi kovuta kwambiri, ndi zochepa za madzi.

Ubwino wa zosiyanasiyana zimaphatikizapo kulawa kwakukulu, zokolola zabwino, kukana malo ogona, bwino kuyenda ndi khalidwe.

Muzu

Ngati mtengo wa tsamba la parsley uli wofunika kwambiri, ndiye kuti alimi a Petroselinum crispum var.tuberosum amakhalanso ndi chidwi ndi zamasamba. Mbali imeneyi ya chomera imakhala ndi fungo labwino kwambiri kuposa lapamwamba, choncho amayi ambiri amafuna kuwonjezera mavitamini, pickles, ndi zakudya zosiyanasiyana (ndiwo zamasamba, nyama ndi nsomba).

Ndikofunikira! Petroselinum crispum var.tuberosum imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala - ngati chinthu chofunika kwambiri pakukonzekera kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Shuga

Kalasi yoyamba kucha ndi kukolola kwakukulu ndi zizindikiro zabwino kwambiri za chisanu kukana. Bweretsani miyezi 3-3,5 kuchokera pakubwera kwa mphukira. Chitsambacho ndi champhamvu kwambiri, chobiriwira ndi kufalikira, masambawa amawala, amdima wofiira, mpaka 40 mphukira mu rosette. Muzuwo ndi phokoso lokhala ndi mapeto otalika, omwe amatha kutalika kwa 25-30 masentimita. Msuzi wofiira ndi 50-55 g, khungu ndi loyera, loyera ndi lofiira, lopweteka pang'ono pakati, lokoma kwambiri, lokoma, lokoma ndi lokometsera.

Chofunika kwambiri cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi kukana kupunthwa kwa muzu ndi cholinga cha chilengedwe chonse: mu shuga ya parsley, mungagwiritse ntchito mobisa, komanso pamwamba pamtunda, ndipo zonsezi ndizokoma komanso zonunkhira.

Alba

Nthawi yakucha ya Alba ndi yaitali kuposa ya mitundu yambiri: Zimatengera miyezi itatu kapena inayi kuti izitsuka muzu. Koma kukula kwa muzu ndi kochititsa chidwi: ndi kutalika kwa 25 cm, muzu wa mbeu mufika kufika 220, ndipo nthawi zina pafupifupi 300 g, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri chisamalirochi chikhoza kuchepa kawiri. Chiwerengero cha masamba a rosette ndi ochepa - osapitirira 12 zimayambira, koma zobiriwira zimakhala ndi mavitamini C kwambiri komanso owonjezera - carotene.

Muzu ndi wokometsetsa kwambiri, uli ndi kukoma kowala, koyera koyera kopanda mdima pambuyo pa chithandizo cha kutentha, komanso - chimodzi mwa ubwino waukulu wa zosiyanasiyana - pafupifupi si nthambi, choncho ndi yabwino kwambiri pakukonzekera, yosungidwa bwino komanso yosasokoneza.

Finale

Ngati Alba akuonedwa kuti ndi nyengo yapakatikati, ndiye kuti Kumaliza kuyenera kukhala kochedwa. Nthawi yakucha ya mzu si masiku osachepera 130 kuchokera pamene imera. Mosiyana ndi Alba, kuwonjezera pa mizu yochititsa chidwi, izi zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi mbali yochuluka kwambiri, yomwe ili ndi masamba 25-30 omwe amaika masamba ndi olemera bluish-wofiirira. Kutalika kwa tsinde limodzi kufika pa 28 cm, muzu ndi masentimita 24. Maonekedwe a muzuwo ndi ofiira, kuyambira 12 mpaka 19 mm m'mimba mwake, misa ndi lalikulu kwambiri, 130-200 g. Kukoma kwa muzu ndipamwamba kwambiri, zamkati ndi zachifundo, zonunkhira, zokongola zoyera kuwala.

Mukudziwa? Malingana ndi kalisiamu, parsley imakhala kawiri kutsogolo kwa zizindikiro za mkaka wonse wa ng'ombe.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhalanso ndi zokolola zambiri.

Mphungu

Chiwombankhanga ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya parsley kuchokera kwa obereketsa kuchokera ku Netherlands. Zimatengedwa mkatikatikati mwa nyengo, koma zimapsa nthawi yaitali kuposa Alba, pafupifupi masiku 135 kuchokera tsiku la kumera. Zimasiyanasiyana ndi kukula kwabwino, kampangidwe kake kamene kamakhala kosalala bwino kozizira ndi nyemba zamkati, wandiweyani, chokoma ndi zonunkhira. Miyendo ya mizu yaying'ono, machenga ambiri kuchokera ku 100-150 g. Monga masamba onse a Dutch, Eagle parsley imadziwika ndi khalidwe labwino kwambiri, malonda apamwamba, kuyenda bwino, malo osungirako zowonongeka komanso ogwiritsira ntchito (zogulitsa zatsopano , ndi zolemba).

Chinthu china chosiyana ndi zosiyanasiyana - kukana kutsogolo kwa muvi.

Kufotokozera ndi makhalidwe

Choncho, parsley ndi chomera chokhazikika chomwe chimakhala ndi moyo wa zaka ziwiri, mbali ya mlengalenga yomwe imakhala ndi timadzi timene timakongoletsedwera ndi masamba a mapiko, gawo la pansi pamtunda ndi mizu yambiri yomwe imakhala pansi mpaka 20-25 masentimita.

Ndikofunikira! Kuchokera ku lingaliro la botanical, parsley ayenera kukhala woyenera monga muzu masamba. Komabe, popeza, kuphatikizapo muzu, mu chomera chodyera chimadyanso ndi zakudya, zomwe zimatchedwa zamasamba, zomwe nthawi zina zimatchedwa masamba obiriwira, zikhoza kunenedwa kuti parsley ndi masamba owongolera masamba.

Mankhwalawa a Petroselinum crispum ndi olemera komanso osiyana.

M'munsimu muli zinthu zofunikira zokhazokha zamoyo zomwe zikupezeka mu zomera izi:

Mukudziwa? Mbewu za Petroselinum crispum, asayansi anapeza zinthu zomwe zimakhudza thupi ndi zofanana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Pankhani iyi, zaka 8 zapitazo ku Russia izoletsedwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito popanga china chilichonse, chipatso cha parsley chomwecho ndi mafuta awo ofunikira.

Kuwonjezera apo, masamba ndi mizu ya parsley ili ndi organic acids, phytosterols, flavonoids, glycosides, fiber ndi zakudya zina zovuta, mafuta oyenera, mafuta acids, kuphatikizapo polyunsaturated, komanso zakudya zina zambiri, zomwe zimakhudza thupi la munthu nthawi zonse (Choyamba chimatanthauza apigenin glycoside yomwe ilipo mu mafuta ofunika, komanso apiol ndi myristicin).

Phindu ndi kuvulaza thupi la munthu

Zopindulitsa za parsley zimadziwika kwa anthu kwa nthawi yaitali.

Choncho, chomerachi chingathe:

• kupereka mankhwala oyeretsa kwambiri kuchokera ku poizoni, zopangira zosakwanira za redox, ma salt a zitsulo zolemera ndi zinthu zina zovulaza ndi mankhwala, omwe anthu amodzi amatchedwa "slags";
• zimapangitsa kuti thupi liwonongeke, kulimbitsa tulo, kulimbikitsa kukumbukira, kuthandizira kuthetsa mavuto ndi nkhawa, kuchotseratu kuvutika maganizo (chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa gulu la mavitamini B osungunuka madzi);
• kuchepetsa ubongo wamatumbo, kuchepetsa chilakolako;
• Sungani shuga ya magazi (chifukwa cha parulley inulin, polysaccharide, yomwe imakhala ngati chomera chomera cha insulini ndikuyambitsa shuga);
• kusintha maonekedwe acuity (chifukwa cha mkulu wa carotene);
• zimapangitsa kuti thupi lanu likhale lopanda chitetezo, limathandizira kupirira matenda aakulu, kuphatikizapo kupuma kwa tizilombo ndi bakiteriya, kuphatikizapo kutentha kwa thupi (chifukwa cha mkulu wa acorbic acid);
• imathandizira kwambiri kusokoneza mphamvu zamagetsi, zomwe zimapangitsa chipangizochi kukhala chamtengo wapatali kwa iwo omwe amawona kulemera kwake kapena akulimbana ndi zosalala zake;
• kuchiritsa mabala;
• Chotsani madzi ochulukirapo, omwe amathandiza kuthetsa edema;
• kusintha ntchito ya chiwindi, impso (amachotsa uric acid salt kuchokera mu thupi, komanso mchenga kuchokera ku impso, ali ndi mphamvu yoipa), kuonetsetsa kayendedwe kake ka mtima;
• kulimbikitsa kusinthika kwa maselo, kuteteza kusinthika kwawo kukhala kovuta (kofunika kuti tipewe khansa);
• kusintha khungu (monga mbali ya mankhwala ovuta);
• kulimbitsa chingamu ndi kusintha vuto la mano (chifukwa cha zinthu zamtundu wa calcium).

Dziwani zambiri za parsley zabwino kwa thupi la munthu.

Zotsutsana ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi masamba ndi parsley zakhala zikudziwika.

Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa pakudya kwanu kokha kwa anthu omwe akuvutika:

• kusagwirizana kulikonse kwa zinthu zomwe zimapanga chomera;
• urolithiasis, matenda ena a impso, chikhodzodzo, m'mimba, makoswe m'kati mwachangu (maselo oyipa omwe amachititsa kuti ziwalo zamkati ziwonongeke).

Kodi zimakula bwanji ndipo zimakhala kuti?

Malo odyetsera zachilengedwe a Petroselinum crispum ndi Mediterranean. Malinga ndi buku lina, Agiriki akale adalima mbewu, pambali inayo - a ku Spain. Komabe, zikuwoneka kuti parsley anali kudziwika ndi wokondedwa ku Egypt wakale. Komabe, chikhalidwecho chinafalikira chifukwa cha Aroma akale, omwe adatenga minda yatsopano, pamodzi ndi dongosolo latsopano, adalowamo chomera chodakondedwa, dalitso lomwe linakhala lodzichepetsa komanso lokhazikika mosavuta ku nyengoyi.

Mukudziwa? Nthano ziwiri zokhudzana ndi chiyambi cha parsley - Aigupto ndi Chigiriki - ndi zofanana kwambiri. Onse akunena kuti chomeracho chinakula kuchokera mwazi, koma mu Baibulo la Aiguputo, magazi anali a Gore, mulungu wamkulu yemwe anamenyana ndi Set, ndi mu Chigiriki, kwa mdzukulu wa mfumu ya Nemean Lycurgus.

Lero, parsley yakula pafupifupi pafupifupi mayiko onse a ku Ulaya (kupatulapo mayiko a Scandinavia). Ku America, chomerachi chimapezeka kwambiri m'mayiko akumwera a Canada komanso kumpoto kwa United States.

Koma ku Russia, kuwonjezera pa gawo la Ulaya (mpaka ku Moscow), Petroselinum crispum ankazoloŵera bwino m'zigawo za federal ku Siberia ndi Far East, koma kumadera akum'mwera a gawo lawo.

Kukhoza kulima zomera m'malo ozizira kwambiri ndi chifukwa cha nyengo yochepa ya parsley, yomwe imalola kuti ikhale yopangika komanso yozizira kwambiri.

Kodi ndi chosiyana bwanji ndi celery ndi cilantro?

Parsley nthawi zina amasokonezeka ndi mitundu iwiri ya masamba omwe ali ndi tsamba lofanana, udzu winawake ndi cilantro (wotchedwanso coriander). Mitundu yonseyi ndi ya banja la Umbrella, ndiko kuti, iwo ndi achibale enieni, koma mgwirizano wawo ndi wosiyana.

N'zotheka kuzisiyanitsa wina ndi mzake malingana ndi makhalidwe osiyanasiyana - morphological, chemical (composition), ndi zina zotero, koma ndibwino kuti muganizirenso nokha fungo labwino. Zonse mwa zitsamba zitatuzi ziri ndi zake zokha, fungo lapadera, kukumbukira kuti, sizingasokonezedwe ndi zina zilizonse. Kwa iwo osakhulupirira "zonunkhira" zawo, m'munsimu muli zambiri zokhudzana ndi zomera zitatu zofanana:

Mbali za mankhwala ndi parsley

Nthenda yotchedwa antiseptic, analgesic, machiritso, machiritso, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, kuyeretsa, diuretic, carminative ndi diaphoretic makhalidwe a parsley amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'zipatala.

Mukudziwa? N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Agiriki akale, komanso makolo athu akutali, kwa nthawi yaitali ankaona ngati parsley ngati mankhwala, osati monga chakudya, ndipo nthawi zambiri Petroselinum crispum ankagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera mabala ochiritsira.

Choncho, mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi opatsirana omwe amapangidwa makamaka kuchokera ku mizu ya zomera izi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza:

• mabala ndi zilonda zina za khungu, kuphatikizapo zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi kuyeretsa;
• kuvutika kukodza, matenda ena a impso ndi chikhodzodzo, komanso matenda a mtima omwe amatsatiridwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa edema (monga diuretic yofewa, ndiyo diuretic);
• kusamba kwa msambo ndi kutaya kwa magazi;
• Matenda aakulu (monga anti-inflammatory and diaphoretic);
• prostatitis;
• подагры, полиартрита и других заболеваний хрящей и суставов;
• астении (упадка сил), депрессии, бессонницы, синдрома повышенной усталости;
• метеоризма, запоров, других проблем с пищеварением;
• gastritis ndi zilonda m'mbuyo mwa kuchepetsedwa kwa mankhwala ndi bile ndi pancreatic juice;
• Mavuto a zaka zomwe zimakhudzana ndi imfa ya maonekedwe;
• stomatitis ndi periontal matenda.

Kuonjezera pazitsamba, mbewu za parsley (masamba), masamba atsopano kapena zouma, komanso ngakhale madzi ochepa kuchokera kumtunda kapena pamwamba pa nthaka zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito monga chokonzekera kukonzekera ma fomu ena.

Mukudziwa? Kalekale, mizu ya parsley yomwe inadulidwa inadulidwa mu khungu kuti ithetsedwe nsabwe, pamene ankakhulupilira kuti momwemo mungathe kulepheretsa.

Monga mankhwala a cosmetology, parsley nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunikira khungu, kuchotsa mawanga a msinkhu ndi mabala.

Kubzala, kusamalira, kukolola ndi kusungirako

Kulima parsley sikovuta kwambiri. Zotsatirazi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa mbeu iyi:

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Ngakhale kuti n'zosavuta kumva, parsley nthawi zambiri imakhudzidwa ndi matenda ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana.

Zina mwazoyamba, vuto lalikulu la zomera limakhala ndi mitundu yovunda, pakati pa mphukira za mphutsi, zomwe zimatuluka m'nthaka ndikumakola mbewu. Njira yeniyeni yolimbana ndi matenda opatsirana ndi fungicidal; mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi acaricides amathandiza kuthana ndi tizirombo.

Makamaka, mavuto omwe amawoneka ndi a parsley amathetsedwa mothandizidwa ndi njira zoterezi:

Pofuna kuti musagwiritse ntchito mankhwala oopsa, muyenera kusunga malamulo oletsa ulimi, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kusinthasintha kwa mbeu, kusamalira nthaka, kusamalira namsongole, madzi okwanira, ndi zina zotero. Njira zabwino zotetezera matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zimatchedwanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera monga Fitosporin, Bicol, Dendrobatsillin, Fitoverm, Nemobact ndi ena.

Parsley imatchulidwa kuti ndi masamba obiriwira, chifukwa ndi imodzi mwa mbewu zochepa zimene zimadya zonse - pamwamba komanso mizu.

Kuwonjezera pa zonunkhira zonunkhira komanso kukoma kokhazikika komwe kungapangitse mbale iliyonse, kupatula, mwinamwake, mavitamini ambiri, parsley, chifukwa cha mavitamini ndi mchere, amakhala ndi katundu wambiri, choncho, amagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera osati kuphika, komanso mankhwala achikhalidwe.

Pali zochepa zosiyana zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsira ntchito munda wamaluwa, choncho maluwa atsopano pa tebulo ndi abwino!