Liwu lakuti "bonsai" ku Japan limatchedwa mitengo yaying'ono yomwe cholinga chake chinali kukula miphika.
Tomasi Bonsai - imodzi mwa tomato yotchuka kwambiri, yosinthidwa kuti ikule kunyumba.
M'nkhani yathu tidzakudziwitsani nthawi yeniyeni komanso malo abwino kuti muwone, momwe mungasankhire nthaka yabwino ndi mphika, komanso momwe mungabzalidwe ndikusamala kuti mupeze zokolola zambiri.
Malingaliro osiyanasiyana
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tomato imamera ndi obereketsa kuchokera ku kampani "Gavrish" m'ma 90s. Bungwe laulimili likugulitsira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tomato yokongoletsera yomwe yapeza yankho lalikulu m'mitima ya okonda masamba ndipo akhala akufunidwa kwa zaka makumi awiri kale.
Mbali yaikulu ya zosiyanasiyana ndi kukula kwa tsinde (osapitirira theka la mamita), kuvunda koyambirira ndi nthambi yaikulu. Kutalika kwa Bonsai omwe ali mu nyumba sikumadutsa masentimita 20-30. Zonsezi zimapanga mawonekedwe a chitsamba chofanana ndi korona wa mtengo. Bonsai akhoza kukula ponse pamsewu komanso pa khonde lotentha kapena window window. Chomeracho chimapirira kulephera kwa dzuwa (komanso, chimalepheretsa kukula kwa zomera kumtunda), koma kuchuluka kwa kufotokozera kumakhudza bwino kukula kwake ndi chiwerengero cha zipatso.
Zitsamba Bonsai a phwetekere amtengo wapatali osati kukhala ndi nyumba ndi zachilendo zakongoletsa mkati momwe momwe zipatso. Iwo ndi odzichepetsa kunthaka, koma amafuna chinyezi. Bonsai tomato amadziwika ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono obiriwira omwe amafanana ndi masamba a mbatata. Maluwa amchere a phwetekere amakhala ooneka bwino komanso owala.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya Bonsai, yomwe ili ndi kukula kwake. Mmodzi wa iwo - mtundu wosakanizidwa "Bonsai-Micro F1" umakhala wamtali wa masentimita 20 okha, koma si wotsika kumapeto kwa abale ake apamwamba. Kulima kumafikira 2 kg kuchokera ku chomera chimodzi. Zipatso zili ndi zowonongeka, zochepa zolemera ndi kukula (mpaka 30 magalamu). Zipatso zonse zipsa nthawi yomweyo, monga tomato onse, pang'onopang'ono amasintha mtundu wake kuchokera kubiriwira mpaka wofiira.
Nthawi ya kucha zipatso ku Bonsai nthawi zina ikhoza kufika miyezi yambiri. Zipatso zosapsa zingathe kuphula pawindo. Zipatso za Bonsai zili ndi kukoma kokoma, zabwino kuwonjezera saladi ndi kumalongeza. Nyerere ya chipatsocho ndi yopyapyala, yowutsa mudyo komanso yosalala, ndipo thupi ndi lofiira, losasunthika, ndi shuga wambiri. Kukoma kwawo kumadalira kwambiri kuchuluka kwa dzuwa ndi ubwino wosamalira zomera. Mwatsoka, zipatso za zosiyanasiyanazi sizisungidwa mwatsopano kwa nthawi yaitali.
Kumene angakulire?
Bonsai ali kutali ndi mitundu yabwino kwambiri yolima kulima chifukwa cha umphaŵi wotsutsana ndi kutentha kwambiri ndi matenda ambiri (mwachitsanzo, phytophthora). Ndibwino kuti ukhalebe mu malo am'chipindamo, chifukwa izi zinkamangidwa.
Poto ndi phwetekere imaikidwa pazenera kuyang'ana kum'mwera kapena kum'mwera chakum'maŵa. M'nyengo yozizira (komanso m'madera otentha - chaka chonse), mukhoza kuthetsa kusowa kwa dzuwa pogwiritsa ntchito nyali za fulorosenti. Makhalidwe omwe ali ndi mbande sayenera kutembenuzidwa nthawi zonse ku Dzuwa ndi mbali imodzi, mwinamwake iwo adzakula mopanda malire.
Poto ndi nthaka
Pakuti yachibadwa kukula potted bonsai ayenera theka lita imodzi ya nthaka pa chomera. Miphika ya tomato iyenera kukhala ndi mabowo a ngalande, ndi zofunika kuti mudzaze gawo lawo pansi ndi madzi (mwachitsanzo, dongo lowonjezera). Momwe mungapangire nthaka ndi yotsatila (potsika mtengo wa zigawozo):
- nthaka yolemera mu humus;
- peat;
- mchenga wotsukidwa ndi wodwala wodwalayo;
- mitengo ya phulusa.
Tikufika
Ngati mbewu za Bonsai zimachokera kwa anthu osadziwika ndi manja kapena zimayambitsa zokayikira zina, ziyenera kuti zisamatetezedwe. N'zotheka kuyambitsa kumera kwa mbeu, popeza anali atakhala nawo masiku awiri, atakulungidwa mu nsalu yothira madzi kapena gauze.
Makampani ena omwe amapanga mbewu pamagetsi awo, asanatungidwe, awathetseni ndi zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kufa kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikufulumizitsa kumera. Mbeu zoterezi zimatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wosiyana ndi beige wounikira.
Mukamabzala tomato potseguka pansi, ndibwino kuti muwabzala mu makapu a pulasitiki mu March, ndipo patapita miyezi iwiri yokha anafalikira pansi. Ngati chisanu chimachitika mumtunda wanu, onetsetsani kuti mukuphimba tomato wachinyamatayo ndi zojambulazo. Malo abwino kwambiri okula tomato ayenera kuyatsa bwino ndi kutetezedwa ku mphepo yochokera kumpoto.
Nthaka muzitsulo zomwe mbewu zimabzalidwa ziyenera kukhala zowonongeka pang'ono. Ndibwino kuti muzisakaniza mofananamo - masiku 2-3 musanadzalemo pogwiritsa ntchito botolo la kutsitsi.
Mbewu imabzalidwa ku kuya kwa 1 masentimita. Ngati yachita bwino, mphukira zoyamba zimapita kumtunda patatha sabata mutabzala. Zimalimbikitsidwa kufesa mbewu 2-3 pa chidebe chimodzi chochepa ndikusiya 1 okha - mphukira yamphamvu kwambiri mmenemo. Mukamabzala pamalo otseguka pa 1 lalikulu. Mabedi ammunda sayenera kubzala katatu kuposa tchire.
Chisamaliro
Nthawi zambiri kuthirira tomato wamkulu ndi pafupifupi 1 nthawi pa sabata, m'nyengo yozizira, ndi zofunika kuwonjezera kwa 2-3 nthawi. Madzi okha ndi madzi ofunda kutentha. Masamba a chomera chochepa amathandiza kupopera. Kukongoletsa masamba kapena kupanga nkhungu kungasonyeze kuti mchere umakhala wochulukirapo m'nthaka.
Zomera zowonjezera phwetekere zimayenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi feteleza zokhala ndi nayitrogeni yapamwamba, komanso nthawi ya kucha zipatso - calcium. Mbuzi yoyamba ikhoza kuchitidwa patatha masabata awiri mutatha kuwonekera, wotsirizira pa sabata musanawotchedwe ku mphika / kutseguka.
Bonsai zosiyanasiyana sizifunikira kudulira. Kuonjezera zokolola zimathandiza kutsitsa pamwamba pa tchire maluwa asanayambe maluwa. Zomwe zinamuthandiza wamaluwa amakhalanso akung'amba phwetekere mizu kuti athandize kukula kwake. Kuti muchite izi, tengani phesi pamunsi pake ndikuikako pang'ono. Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa mosamala kuti asawononge mizu yayikulu.
Mbewu imamera msanga komanso nthawi yomweyo. Mbewu za Bonsai zimamera mofulumira komanso mwamtendere. Ngati mabokosi okhala ndi mbande amatha kuyatsa (muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi owonjezera a fulorosenti), ndiye zikumera zoyamba kumayambiriro kwa sabata yoyamba. Pamene ali ndi miyezi iwiri, tomato idzaphuka ndipo mwinamwake ngakhale masamba oyambirira a zomera adzawonekera. Dzuŵa lidzagwa pa tchire, bwino kukula kwake kudzakhala ndi zipatso zabwino. Muzikhala pamthunzi, tomato amataya kukoma ndi madzi.
Chomeracho chili ndi maluwa onse awiri komanso amatha kupanga mungu. Pofuna kulimbitsa mungu, mukhoza kugwedeza nthambi ndi maluwa musanamwe madzi.
Kawirikawiri Kwa kulima tomato mu nyumba kumangokhala kuyesa kokondweretsa. Komabe, zochitika za kulima monga whimsical chikhalidwe, monga Bonsai phwetekere, zingakhale bwino ngati mutenga kulima tomato zokongoletsa ndi udindo wonse. Apo ayi, mumangotaya nthawi yanu yamtengo wapatali ndi mitsempha.
