Kodi tikudziwa chiyani za mapeyala oyambirira? Chomera chachikulu cha cacti banja. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chakudya, penti amapangidwira, imagwiritsidwanso ntchito monga chakudya cha ng'ombe. Ngakhale kuti dziko lakwawo la South America ndizilumbazi, zamoyo zake zakhala zikukhazikika bwino. Bwanji osamera khola lotere kunyumba?
Mankhusu amodzi akhoza kufika mamita awiri mamita! Osati chomera chenicheni cha pakhomo, koma ku ofesi chimphona chidzatenga malo ake oyenera. Tidzafotokozera mwatsatanetsatane momwe tingabzalitsire ndi kusamalira pecky pear cactus.
Mukudziwa? Ng'ombe zomwe zimadyetsa masamba otukuka amapatsa mkaka wambiri.
Kusankha malo amtengo wapatali
Kusankha malo a cactus, m'pofunika kumvetsetsa kuti chomera, chokhazikika, chiyenera kukhala pamalo amodzi kwa nthawi yaitali. Prickly pear amamva bwino pa malo opumira mpweya, akugwedeza dzuwa. Cactus sachita mantha ndi chisanu, koma amatengeka kwambiri ndi chinyezi. M'chilimwe, duwa limaphatikiza madzi mumasamba, omwe amatha kutulutsa bwino.
Choncho, posankha malo a mtengo wamtengo wapatali, onetsetsani dothi lotayirira kapena madzi abwino. Opuntia maluwa akhoza kukhala ndi acidic pang'ono, osati nthaka yolemera kwambiri. Ndipo ngati muwonjezera mchenga ndi miyala yaying'ono, mumachepetsera chiopsezo chovunda chifukwa cha madzi ochulukirapo. Chokondera pearly pear chidzawoneka kukwera kwa munda wanu wakutsogolo, wozunguliridwa ndi miyala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Kutentha
Ngakhale mapeyala ndi nyengo yozizira, malo osankhidwa m'munda ayenera kukhala oyenera: m'nyengo yozizira ndi yotentha - m'nyengo yozizira imachepetsa chinyezi. Kukula kwa nyumba m'nyengo ya chilimwe yamtengo wapatali imatha kusintha mosavuta kutentha kulikonse. Koma m'nyengo yozizira ndi zofunika kusunga kutentha kosapitirira 6-7 madigiri. Nthawi yozizira kunja, mapeyala oyambirira amatha kulekerera chisanu mpaka madigiri -10. Koma ngati si zachilendo kuti mutuluke kumwera kwa chisanu m'nyengo yozizira, mukhoza kuliphimba ndi masamba kapena masamba.
Mukudziwa? Osatsimikiziridwa, komabe chowonadi: agalu ndi mimbulu akuopa cacti.
Kuunikira
Pokhala ndi nyumba yosungirako mtengo ngati cactus, amafunikira kuwala kwa dzuwa kuti akule bwino ndi maluwa. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti mwamsanga muike maluwa mwangwiro kwa dzuwa, chitani pang'onopang'ono. Pambuyo pakugulira kumunda muyenera kusankha malo a dzuwa.
Kusankha mbale zobzala
Pali lingaliro lomwe cacti liyenera kubzalidwa m'zombo zazikulu komanso zosadziwika (zotengera). Chigamulo sichiri cholondola, chifukwa maluwa ambiri akhoza kubzalidwa mu mbale, koma chifukwa chazomera zochepa dothi lidzauma mofulumira.
Pofuna kubzala mapeyala oyamwa, mukhoza kusankha pafupifupi miphika iliyonse ya maluwa. Chinthu chofunikira kwambiri: Mukusowa dzenje pansi kuti muzitsuka. Izi zikhoza kukhala mabowo ang'onoang'ono kapena chimodzi chokha cha masentimita 0,5.
Ngati mukufuna kuika duwa pa mipandoyo ndipo simukufuna madzi, mukhoza kukonza miyala pansi pa mphika. Kusankha mphika, mutha kuyang'anira kukula kwa chilonda, kuteteza mizu yake kukula kapena mosiyana.
Chinthu chopangira pearry pear chomera
Pofuna kubzala mitengo yamtengo wapatali m'miphika, m'pofunikira kukonzekera nthaka. Kubzala mbewu ndi cuttings, magawowa ndi osiyana. Chifukwa chodzala ndi njira yochepetsera, ngalande ya madzi ikuikidwa pansi pa mbale, ndipo mchenga ndi makala amathiridwa kuchokera pamwamba. Mchenga musanayambe kufunika kuyika.
Mbeu zimalinso zofunikira madzi. Kenaka chisakanizo cha calcined mchenga, makala ndi kompositi ndi okonzeka. Zosakanikirana ndi chiŵerengero cha 1: 1: 2.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati simukufuna kudzilemetsa nokha ndikukonzekera gawo lapansi, mukhoza kugula chisakanizo chapadera kwa cacti.
Kubzala, kubalana ndi kubzala zomera za Opuntia
Mtengo wamtunduwu umatha kufalikira m'njira ziwiri: ndi mbewu kapena cuttings. Pofuna kubzala cactus ndikofunikira kukonzekera nthaka, yomwe tilembera pamwambapa. Opuntia opaleshoni ikhoza kuchitika nthawi iliyonse ya chaka. Chifukwa chachikulu cha kuikidwa kwa cactus ndi mphika wochepa. Ndikofunika kuika pear pear pamene dothi limauma. Kwa milungu iwiri yoyamba ikani mthunzi masiku angapo kuti musamamwe madzi.
Ndi chithandizo cha cuttings
Muzu wa cuttings wa pearly pears uyenera kukhala nthawi kuyambira masika mpaka pakati pa chilimwe. Mphukira yamaluwa imayenera kusamalidwa bwino ndi zomera, kuchitira malo odulidwa ndi malasha osweka. Dyani zidutswa zogawidwa kwa masiku angapo mpaka filimu yowopsya ipangidwe pa mfundo yocheka.
Pambuyo pake ndondomekozo zimamizidwa ndi 2-3 masentimita mu gawo lokonzekera. Chidebecho chimadzazidwa ndi chivindikiro cha kapu kapena filimu. Kutentha kumeneku kumakhala pafupifupi madigiri 10. Sungani chinyezi mu chidebe mwa kupopera mbewu za cuttings kuchokera pa sprayer. M'pofunikanso kuti nthawi zonse muzitha kuyendetsa mchere. Pambuyo pa mizu ya pear yowonjezereka imakula, duwa likhoza kuikidwa mu miphika.
Ndikofunikira! Nthawi zambiri, zidutswazi zimatha kukula mchenga wa calcined.
Njira ya Mbewu
Mukamabzala mbewu njira yoyamba muyenera kukonzekera mbeu. Mbeu za Cactus ndizolimba. Mukhoza kuwatsitsa njira ziwiri: lowetsani m'madzi kwa masiku angapo kapena mutengere chipolopolo cholimba ndi sandpaper. Kupha majeremusi, zilowerere mbewu kwa mphindi 15-20 mufooka ya manganese. Mbeu yokonzekera imakula mu gawo lapansi, kusunga kutentha kwa madigiri 20. Mbewu zimafunikanso kuthamanga ndi kuthira. Mwamsanga zikamera, peyala yamtengo wapatali iyenera kuikidwa mu miphika yosiyana.
Kusamalira Zomera
Mutabzala, funso limabwera: Kodi mungasamalire bwanji mankhwalawa? Opuntia ndi maluwa osasamala ndipo safuna chidwi kwambiri. Perekani zowonjezera kuwala ndi madzi pakufunika, apa, kwenikweni, chisamaliro chonse. Zovala zapamwamba zingapangidwe panthawi ya maluwa. Zosokonezeka mu chisamaliro cha kansalu - mphutsi zake. Ndizochepa kwambiri, ndizovuta kuziwona. Ngati muli ndi ziphuphu zosawoneka m'manja mwanu, sopo wamba ndi madzi ofunda adzakupulumutsani.
Mukudziwa? Kale ku Greece, mawu oti "cactus" amatchedwa chomera chirichonse. Choncho dzina lake.
Kuthirira mapeyala apamwamba
Monga tanenera kale, peyala yamtengo wapatali sizimafuna kuthirira nthawi zonse. Kuthirira cacti kunyumba m'nyengo ya chilimwe ndi yophukira ziyenera kuchitika ngati dothi luma. M'nyengo yozizira, pa kutentha kwa madigiri 6, simungathe kumwa madzi. M'nyengo yozizira, imatha kuchepa pang'ono, koma poyambirira kasupe kuthirira imabwerera mwamsanga.
Feteleza ndi kuvala
Manyowa amatha kuyambira m'chaka, akupitiriza kudyetsa chilimwe. Manyowa abwino kwambiri otsika nayitrogeni wokhutira. Kuphulika pakati pawo kuyenera kukhala pafupi masabata awiri. Ngati nthaka yanu ilibe acidity, kuthirira kungathe kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi madontho pang'ono a mandimu kapena citric asidi. Ngati mudyetsa kachipata molondola, idzakusangalatsani ndi maluwa okongola ndi aakulu.
Ndikofunikira! Pa maluwa ayenera kusiya zonse kudyetsa.
Zomera zamtengo wapatali
Kulima kulima pear prickly sikumakondweretsa ndi maluwa ake. Kuti mupeze maluwa panyumba, m'pofunika kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zili bwino kwambiri. Pambuyo pa chisanu, ndibwino kuti maluwawo alowe mlengalenga ndi dzuwa. Zofunikira ziwirizi zikufunika kuti maluwa a cactus adziwe.
Opuntia ikhoza kufalikira kuyambira April mpaka September. Mafinya - mpaka masentimita 10 m'mimba mwake, nthawi zambiri amawoneka achikasu kapena ofiira. Zipatso zamtengo wapatali zowonongeka pakati pa chilimwe. Poyamba amawoneka ngati zobiriwira zobiriwira, kukula kwa kukula kwa nthawi. Pamene yakucha, ikani maroon. Pamene maluwa, pear prickly imatulutsa fungo losangalatsa kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Musasunthire mphika pa maluwa. Prickly peyala akhoza kutaya pakhosi lake.
Mavuto polima mapeyala a prickly
Kukula kansalu kakang'ono komanso kotalika, wolima munda angakumane ndi mavuto ena. Ngati mumapenya pamwamba, tsinde la tsinde liyamba kuvunda, ndiye kuthirira moyenera pamtunda wotsika. Koma ngati mawonekedwe a tsinde ndi osalongosoka, izi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha kusowa kwa dzuwa kapena kutentha kosayenera nyengo yozizira. Ndi kusowa kwa zakudya, maonekedwe a zopindulitsa amaletsedwa.
Tizilombo komanso matenda a pear
Prickly peyala - imodzi mwa zomera zosavuta kwambiri. Matenda ambiri omwe ali mu cacti - bowa. Ngati mdima wandiweyani kapena nkhungu imayamba kuonekera pa duwa, m'pofunika kuchotsa maluwa amenewa, ndikukonza zonse ndi fungicide.
Mzu wa pearly umatha kuvutika. Ngati pali zochepa pang'ono pa mizu, ndiye izi ndi matenda ndi root nematodes. Pofuna kuthana nawo, m'pofunika kuchotsa mitsukoyo ndi kumiza mizu m'madzi otentha kwa mphindi 10, kenako muzimwa ndi makala opunduka ndi kubzala mu nthaka yatsopano.
Mukhozanso kuona nsabwe za m'masamba pa peck prily, pepite mite kapena whitefly. Tizilombo tonse timatsukidwa ndi fungicides yapadera. Ngati mupereka mapeyala apamwamba ndi kusamalira bwino, mavuto ambiri angapewe.
