Fuchsia ndi mtundu wa zomera zosatha za banja la Kupro, kuphatikizapo mitundu zana. Chomera ichi chimadziwika bwino kwa nthawi yaitali maluwa okongola, kukondweretsa diso la okonda zomera kuchokera ku kasupe koyambirira mpaka kumapeto kwa autumn.
Fuchsia ndizosamvetsetseka, ngakhale sichifunikanso kusamalira. Kuti akwaniritse maluwa osasunthika komanso maluwa okongola nthawi zina sizingakhale zosavuta ngati zimawonekera poyamba. M'nkhani ino tiwona njira yofunikirayi mu moyo wa chomera chirichonse monga kukopera. Tidzadziŵa bwino zochitika zabwino kuti tipeze thanzi ndi maonekedwe okongoletsera a fuchsia.
Kusamba kunyumba
Anakonzeratu kudulira zomera, kuchotsa zonse zouma, zakale ndi zotsalira zazikulu, ndikufupikitsa thanzi lachitatu. Kusakaniza chomera, mukhoza kupanga mawonekedwe ake pa chifuniro. Mwachitsanzo, kuti apangidwe ngati chitsamba - mphukira imadulidwa mutatha masamba awiri, ndikukula mumphika kapena poto lalikulu - pambuyo pachitatu.
Pa mizu ya chomera ayenera kumvetsera mwatcheru - sikuyenera kukhala nkhungu. Ngati mizu yowonongeka imapezeka, ndi bwino kudula.
Poyamba kuika ayenera kusankha mphika woyenera. Zili bwino kwambiri ndi makoma akuluakulu komanso zopangidwa ndi zida zachitsulo - zidzalola kuti mizu ya zomera zisapse. Muyeneranso kuyang'anitsitsa mtundu wa mphika - mithunzi yonyezimira imasonyeza kuwala kwa dzuwa, pamene mdima umakopeka, womwe suli wofunikira kwambiri kwa fuchsia. Pansi pa thanki kuti mupatsireko ayenera kukhala ndi mabowo.
Ndiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti fuchsia silingalole miphika yopingasa.. Mzu wa duwa uyenera kumasulidwa kuti ulowerere mu chidebe chatsopano chomasulira.
Mfundo yotsatira yoikidwa bwino ndiyo kusankha malo abwino. Chosakaniza choyenera chiyenera kukhala ndi asidi otsika, pH mtengo si oposa 6.
Ndibwino kuti mukuwerenga:
- zidutswa zitatu za masamba;
- magawo awiri a peat;
- mchenga umodzi wamkati.
Onetsetsani kuti mugwiritsire ntchito ngalande, yomwe ili yoyenera njerwa yosweka, miyala yochepa kapena dongo lowonjezera. Chomeracho sichimakonda madzi ochulukirapo mizu. Ndi bwino kukonzekera nthaka, popeza nthaka yosungirako nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi peat.. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, imakhala mofulumira kumtunda wa mphika, imakhala yothira pansi. Chifukwa cha ichi, ndi madzi okwanira ambiri akhoza kufa.
Fuchsia adzafunika kuonetsetsa kuti chinyezi chikhale chachikulu. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupopera mankhwala mobwerezabwereza kuti mvula yothira ipangidwe pamwamba pa chomeracho. Mtengo wofunika wokhawokha ndi wakuti madontho akulu pamasamba ayenera kupewa - mdima ukhoza kupangidwa kuchokera kwa iwo.
Chomera choikidwacho chiyenera kuikidwa pamalo amdima. Kuwonetsetsa kwa dzuwa nthawi zonse sikofunika kwa fuchsia.. Amakonda malo ozizira. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha sikuyenera kupitirira madigiri 20, m'nyengo yozizira - 15. Kuti muteteze m'chilimwe chifukwa cholemera kwambiri, mungatenge chophika chomera ku khonde kapena bwalo, kusankha malo omwe dzuwa limagwa mmawa.
Madzi amafunika kukhala ochepa, chifukwa chaichi, madzi otetezedwa bwino ndi abwino. Pambuyo pa mbeuyo imakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pamphika watsopano, madzi okwanira ayenera kukhala ochuluka.
Chinthu chofunikira ndi chakuti pamaso pa ulimi wothirira ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti nthaka yuma. Madzi ochulukirapo amachititsa kuti zomera zifa.. Ndikofunika kutulutsa madzi m'mawa, kusanayambe kutentha kapena madzulo dzuwa litalowa. Mwinanso, n'zotheka kupopera mbewu.
Ndikofunikira: Pamene mukusamalira fupa, nkofunika kuonetsetsa kuti palibe madzi otsala. Zimayambitsa mizu ya mbewu.
Tikukupemphani kuti tiwone vidiyoyi ponena za kusintha kwa fupi:
Kodi mungasankhe feteleza?
Sizowonjezera kudyetsa chomera chatsopano kumene, komanso wodwalayo kapena wofooka. Zingamupweteke kwambiri.
Ngati chomeracho chili ndi thanzi labwino ndipo chasintha pambuyo pa kusamalidwa, ndiye kuti mukhoza kuyamba kudyetsa. Muzigawo zosiyana za kukula, feteleza ndi osiyana. Young fuchsia amakonda nitrogen feteleza. Chifukwa cha iwo, duwa ili ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira ndipo imakula mofulumira.
Mmera wamkulu wa maluwa olemera ayenera kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza omwe ali ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. Asanayambe kuthirira, feteleza amachepetsedwa kawiri kawiri. Fuchsia ndi yabwino kwa feteleza organic, koma ndibwino kuti muzisinthanitsa ndi mchere. Manyowa ayenera kukhala masabata awiri.
Kudulira duwa mu kugwa
Kutha - nthawi ya kukwaniritsidwa kwa maluwa omwe akuyenda nthawi yoyamba. Kudulira nthawiyi kuyenera kuchitidwa mwamsanga, mwamsanga pamene fuchsia inasiya kuphulika ndi kudutsa mpumulo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti dzuwa likhale losangalala komanso kuti kasupe ikhale yabwino.
Kwa ichi muyenera:
- Chotsani mosamala chitsamba mumphika ndikuyang'aniranso matenda ndi mafinya. Samala mosamala kuti musayambe kuwononga mizu yomwe ingakhale ikukula pamakoma a mphika. Dziko lakale ndi bwino kutaya, monga momwe zingakhalire ndi tizirombo.
- Fuchsia ayenera kutsukidwa ku parasitic tizilombo ndi mazira. Odwala amadzulidwa, akuda, ali ndi timiso tambiri-timadula. Kudulira kuyenera kudulidwa, kutenga mizu yathanzi ya pafupifupi masentimita kuteteza kachilombo ka HIV.
- Mphika umatsukidwa bwino ndipo umatetezedwa.
- Kenaka, muyenera kudzaza nthaka yatsopano ndi nthaka yatsopano, yomwe ili maluwa abwino.
Pambuyo pochita zonsezi, muyenera kuika fuchsia pamalo amdima, ozizira ndi ozizira omwe zomerazo zimakhala m'nyengo yonse yozizira. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kusiyana ndi kusamba kwa kasupe, pamene fuchsia yatsala yofunda. M'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira, chomeracho chiyenera kupumula ndi kupeza mphamvu isanafike nyengo yatsopano yokula..
Musalole kuti dothi ladothi liume ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi imwani madziwo ndi madzi otetezedwa bwino. Dyetsa pa nthawi ino sikofunika.
Zomera zobzalidwa bwino
Zambirimbiri zikufalikira fuchsia ikhoza kufalitsidwa ndi masamba, masamba ndi masamba. Ganizirani njira izi mwatsatanetsatane.
Cuttings
Ngati chisankhochi chinagwera pa fuchsia grafting, ndiye kuti 5-8 masentimita a cuttings amasankhidwa pa cholinga ichi. Iwo amafesedwa mzidutswa zingapo m'mitsuko ndi mamita pafupifupi 12 masentimita. Kenaka, miphika iyenera kuikidwa mu tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapuma.
Nthawi zambiri mizu cuttings ndi madzi ndi Kuwonjezera wa activated mpweya. Miphika imaphimbidwa ndi kanema pamwamba, nthawi zina kuchotsa mpweya wabwino. Pakuti kubzala kudalira kuyembekezera mapangidwe a mizu mu kuchuluka kwa 1.5-2 masentimita.
Tikupempha kuti tiwone kanema pa fuchsia grafting:
Mbewu
Nkhumba zikachuluka, fuchsia imamera masiku pafupifupi 50. kuyambira kufika. Choyamba muyenera kukonzekera nthaka yabwino mwa kusakaniza peat ndi mchenga. Patapita mwezi umodzi, chomera chofunikacho chiyenera kuthamanga. Momwe mungabzalidwe kumera? Iwo abzalidwa miphika ya 5-6 zidutswa, musaiwale kuti musanayambe kutsina pamwamba kuti musinthe nthambi.
Masamba
Pakubereka mothandizidwa ndi masamba ochokera ku chomera cha mayi, masamba otukuka kwambiri ndi tsinde amachotsedwa ndikubzala mu nthaka yofewa, yomwe ili ndi filimu pamwamba.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Maluwawa ali ndi chitetezo chabwino, koma pali tizirombo tochepa zomwe zingayambitse olima:
- Ntchentche yoyera - Imeneyi ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda nthawi zambiri yomwe imakhala ndi zomera zomwe zimapezeka pamapangidwe. Chofunika - choyera pachimake pa masamba. Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwakukulu, iwo amatembenukira chikasu ndikugwa. Mankhwala akhoza kutsukidwa ndi madzi a sopo, koma izi zingathandize ngati fuchsia akadali wobiriwira. Ngati kugonjetsedwa kukupitirira, ndiye mankhwala okhaokha omwe ali ndi mapangidwe apadera adzakwaniritsa.
- Kangaude mite - Zimakhudza chomeracho ndi mpweya wouma ndi wotentha. Chizindikiro cha matenda ndi chikasu pa tsamba ndi patini chachikasu patina pamsana. Pofuna kuteteza matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, muyenera kupopera mbewu nthawi zonse.
Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ena nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosayenera komanso zakudya zoperewera. Choncho poyambitsa kwambiri nthaka, powdery mildew ikuwonekera, ndipo pakakhala kusowa kwa manganese - kutsekemera kwa mitsempha ya masamba.
Kutsiliza
Fuchsia imakopa ambiri ndi zokongoletsera zake. Komabe, kuti mupeze maluwa, muyenera kudziwa zonse zomwe zimalima. Chofunika kwambiri si pokha poto yosankhidwa bwino komanso nthaka, komanso kukhazikitsidwa kwabwino kwa kukula ndi kukula kwa duwa. Pokha potsatizana ndi zinthu zonsezi pamodzi kudzakuthandizani kupeza chomera chokongola ndi chokongoletsa.
