Kufotokozera za matenda wamba ndi tizirombo ta streptocarpus, njira za mankhwala ndi zithunzi

Streptokarpus - maluwa achilendo, mwamsanga kupeza kukondedwa pakati pa okonda zinyumba za mkati ndikusowa chisamaliro chosamala ndi chisamaliro.

Nthawi zina alimi amazindikira kuti masamba a zomera amawoneka opusa, amasintha mtundu ndi kuyamba kuuma, ndipo koposa zonse amadandaula kuti nthawi ya maluwa sizimachitika. Zonsezi zikusonyeza kuti streptocarpus ikudwala kapena yayamba ndi tizirombo.

Kufotokozera mwachidule maluwa

Streptocarpus (lat. Streptocarpus) - chomera cha banja la Gesneriyevye, chimachokera ku nkhalango za m'madera otentha komanso otentha omwe ali pamapiri a mapiri a Thailand, zilumba za Madagascar ndi South Africa. Malingana ndi zamoyo, streptokarpus amakonda malo owuma, pamene ena - nkhalango zamdima. Chomerachi chikhoza kukhala pachaka kapena chosatha, udzu ndi shrub.

Masamba a makwinya ndi a pubescent a streptocarpus amakula mpaka masentimita 30 m'litali ndi 5-7 masentimita m'lifupi, amakhala ndi zobiriwira, ndipo mitundu yobiridwa imakhala ndi mtundu wa motley. Maluwa ofanana ndi Bell ali ndi mapafupi a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndipo ali pamapangidwe a peduncles omwe amachokera ku sinasi ya masamba.

Zipatso zomwe zili ngati mawonekedwe osokonekera ndizo zimayambitsa dzina la zomera, zomwe zimamasuliridwa kuchokera ku chi Greek chakale monga "zipatso zopotoka". Mkati mwa chipatso muli mbewu zamaluwa. Kenaka, mudzaphunzira za matenda a maluwa, mankhwala awo, muwona mu zithunzi zomwe zosiyana ndi mavuto ndi tizirombo zikuwoneka ngati.

Matenda ndi mankhwala awo

Monga zomera zambiri, streptokarpus sanatetezedwe ku matenda ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana ndi masamba ndi maluwa. Kaŵirikaŵiri zimapezeka chifukwa cha chisamaliro chosayenera cha maluwa, kotero ndi kofunika kuziwona Komabe, matenda ambiri angathe kuthandizidwa ngati atadziwika m'kupita kwa nthawi ndipo zofunikira zikutengedwa.

Chifukwa chiyani dzimbiri likuwoneka ndipo ndiyenera kuchita chiyani?

Masamba, zimayambira, maluwa, mapesi a mabokosi, mabokosi a mbewu amatha kuwona zofiira za mtundu wofiira, kutulutsa michere yosalala. Amaoneka mawanga achikasu (pachiphuphu) pachimake pa masamba ndipo potsirizira pake amagunda maluwa onse. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimakhala kuthirira kwambiri, feteleza wochuluka omwe ali ndi nayitrogeni ndi kubzala.

Ngati matendawa amapezeka msanga, m'pofunikira kuchotsa mphukira ndi masamba. Pankhani ya matenda osasamala, munthu sangathe kuchita popanda kugwiritsa ntchito fungicides, monga, Abiga-Peak, Baktofit, Topaz, Fitosporin-M. Chithandizo choyamba chikuchitika mwamsanga pamene "dzimbiri" likupezeka pa masamba., mobwerezabwereza pambuyo pa masiku 7-14.

Masamba owuma

Ngati pepala la streptokarpus linakhala lakuda kwambiri m'kanthawi kochepa, ndiye ichi ndi chizindikiro chodziwika cha kutsika kwa chinyezi mu chipinda. Komanso, chomeracho sichikhala ndi mpweya wokwanira.

Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli muyenera:

1. chotsani masamba onse owuma;
2. Pululani danga lozungulira chomera ndikuchichita nthawi zonse;
3. Ikani chidebe ndi madzi pafupi ndi maluwa.

Muyeneranso kuwonetsa nthawi zonse mpweya umene umapezeka. Kupewa vuto ili ndi masamba ndikuteteza kutentha ndi chinyezi mu chipinda.

Kuyanika kwa nsonga za masamba

Pamene masamba a duwa ayamba kuuma ndikuchita mosayenera, kuyambira pa nsonga, izi zimayambitsidwa ndi msinkhu wosasunthika kwambiri wa chinyezi mu chipinda kapena chifukwa chakuti mizu yayamba kwambiri mu mphika. Pofuna kuthandiza chomera, muyenera:

1. Pang'onopang'ono muzidula mbali zouma za masamba;
2. kuwaza ndi magawo a wosweka opangidwa kapena makala kapena sinamoni ufa;
3. jambulani maluwa kuzungulira maluwa, kuonetsetsa kuti palibe madontho a madzi omwe agwera pa duwa lokha.

Chomeracho sichitha pachimake

Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti streptokarpus inasiya kuulutsa mapesi a maluwa, pali zifukwa zingapo izi:

• mwina izi sizimasintha m'nyengo yozizira, ndipo palibe chifukwa chochita chirichonse kupatula kudikirira masika;
• Mitundu ina, isanayambe, imafunika kupeza mdima wobiriwira, umene uli wokwanira kuphulika.

Ngati chomeracho ndi wamkulu, chimanga chokwanira, koma sichimasintha, zikutanthauza kuti pali zolakwika mu maluwa ake.

1. duwa liri mumthunzi - mphika uyenera kusunthira pafupi ndi kuwala, koma palibe chifukwa choti dzuŵa liloledwe kulowa;
2. kuwonjezera-kuthirira, chifukwa chomwe mizu ingayambe kuvunda - chotsani chomeracho mu mphika, chotsani mizu yoonongeka, yerekezani zigawo ndi nthendayi ndi kumera duwa m'nthaka yatsopano ndi kuthira pansi pamphika asanatetezedwe;
3. kusowa kwa zakudya m'nthaka - muyenera kudyetsa chomera ndi feteleza;
4. kupanga zokongoletsera masamba chipinda maluwa;
5. tchire timayambanso - tifunika kuchotsa masamba ang'onoang'ono a petioles a masamba akulu.

Komanso, maluwa sangakhalepo chifukwa cha masamba okalamba. Pachifukwa ichi, muyenera kugawaniza mbeu ndikuziika m'maluwa atsopano, izi zimathandiza kuti masamba atsopano ayambe.

Tizilombo

Kupuma

Ichi ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, omwe kutalika kwake ndi 1-2mm, ndizosatheka kuona. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timadya chakudya chomera. Mawanga a chikasu kapena ofiira amaoneka pamasamba ndi tsinde, masamba amauma ndi kupota kuchokera pamphepete mpaka pakati, maonekedwe a pulogalamu yakuthwa amaoneka pa masamba owuma, ndipo tizilombo timene timayang'ana kumbali ndi mkati mwa tsamba.

Njira yolimbana nayo:

1. pamene zizindikiro zimapezeka pa maluwa a streptocarpus, m'pofunika choyamba kuchotsa maluwa ndi masamba onse;
2. Mankhwala ophera tizilombo nthawi zonse amadalira moyo wa tizilombo: patatha chithandizo chimodzi, akuluakulu ndi mphutsi amafa, koma nymphs amakhalabe olimba, choncho mankhwala ayenera kuchitidwa katatu masiku asanu ndi awiri (muyenera kukonzekera yankho, kuchepetsa 1 vial "Fitoverma" mu madzi okwanira 1).

Njira yothetsera iliyonse imatha kutaya katunduyo nthawi yosungirako, kotero muyenera kuyigwiritsa ntchito mwamsanga.

Kangaude mite

Ngati pang'onopang'ono pa tsamba la tsambali, pakati pa mitsempha, masamba obiriwira amapezeka, masambawa ali ndi tchisi, ndipo masambawo ali achikasu ndipo amauma, kuyambira kumbali, izi ndi zizindikiro za kukhalapo kwa kangaude.

Ndikofunikira! Mite imalekerera matenda opatsirana.

Tizilombo toonongeka tilibe mphamvu polimbana ndi tizilombo akufunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zamakono zamakono, monga "Sunmite", "Nissoran", "Apollo". Malingana ndi njira zosankhidwa, njira zothandizira chomera ndi kukonzekera yankho zimasiyana:

1. "Sunmite" - 1 gramu ya ufa pa 1 l. madzi. Mankhwalawa ndi owopsa kwambiri, angagwiritsidwe ntchito kamodzi pachaka.
2. "Nissoran" - 1 gramu ya mankhwala pa madzi okwanira 1 litre, gwedeza mankhwalawa ndi yankho ndikupanga masamba kumbali zonse. Chidachi chikugwira ntchito pamaso pa anthu akuluakulu.
3. "Apollo" - 4 ml ya mankhwala osakanizidwa mu 10 malita a madzi.

Mukamagwira ntchito ndi acaricides, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zoteteza., mutatha kuchipatala, m'pofunika kusamba nkhope ndi manja ndi sopo, madzi, kutsuka pakamwa, kumene kukonzekera kunatenthedwa, popanda kuyendetsa mankhwala opsa.

Aphid

Ichi ndi tizilombo tochepa ndi thupi lofewa kapena lalanje. Tizilombo timayenda mitsinje yautali pamtunda wautali, choncho zikuwoneka kuti imawonekera pa zomera pokhapokha. Aphid atangofika pamaluwa, amachulukira mofulumira, ndipo akazi amatha kubala ana ali ndi zaka 3-6.

Nthawi zambiri amamenyedwa ndi nsabwe za m'masamba zomera zomwe zimayikidwa nthawi zonse kapena kupitirira. Tizilombo tingathe kuoneka pakati pa mbeu, pamaluwa, masamba ndi zimayambira. Tizilombo timadyetsa zomera, timadula ndi kuzidutsa m'thupi, kenako timakhala tomwe timakhala tomwe timayambira, ndipo pamapeto pake timakhala timene timakhala timdima tomwe timakhala tomwe timayambira.

Zizindikiro za kukhalapo kwa nsabwe za m'masamba ndi - chiwerengero chachikulu pa chomera choyera kuchokera ku mphutsi, kupotoza masamba ndi kupeza kwawo mawonekedwe osazolowereka. Kulimbana ndi tizilombo akufunika kukonzekera yankho, kuchepetsa 10 ml ya Iskra Bio, kuchepetsa madzi okwanira 1 litre. Masiku asanu ndi awiri, perekani zomera zonse katatu.

Boma limapereka malamulo oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda

Kutulutsidwa kwa chomera chodwala

Matenda ndi tizilombo zingathe kufalikira ku zomera zomwe zili pafupi ndi mitsempha yowonongeka, motero, pokhapokha pali zizindikiro zochepa chabe za matenda kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, m'pofunika kuzisiyanitsa ndi maluwa ena mwamsanga mwakuyika pazenera kapena pa alumali.

Kuchiza ndi othandizira oteteza

Pofuna kupewa chitukuko cha matenda ndi kuukira kwa tizirombo, chomeracho chiyenera kuchitidwa ndi oteteza, monga "Fitoverm". Kuti muchite izi, sungani 2 ml ya mankhwala mu 200 ml ya madzi ndikupaka maluwa ndi zotsatira zake tsiku lililonse masiku asanu ndi atatu. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito "Aktofit" ndi "Kleschevit."

Matenda omwe streptocarpus amavumbula ndi ofanana pa zipinda zonse. Pofuna kupewa mavuto pamene mukukula duwa, muyenera:

1. Tsatirani nthawi zonse kuthirira;
2. kupeŵa kuyanika kwambiri kapena chinyezi chochuluka cha gawo lapansi;
3. tetezani maluwa kuchokera ku dzuwa;
4. Nthawi zonse muzipinda m'chipinda ndikusunga chinyezi;
5. Kuteteza chithandizo cha zomera ku tizilombo ndi tizilombo toononga.