Duwa la Echmea - chisamaliro ndi kubereka kunyumba

Ehmeya - duwa lomwe ndi la banja la Bromeliad. Mitundu iyi imaphatikizapo mitundu ya mbewu 180. Mu vivo, nthawi zambiri amakulira ku America. Tsopano chikhalidwe ichi chayamba kukula panyumba, chifukwa chili ndi maluwa okongola komanso osasamala.

Zikuwoneka ngati banja liti

Echmea ndi epiphyte yemwe ndi wa banja la bromeliad ndipo ndi m'bale wapafupi kwambiri wa chinanazi. Chikhalidwechi chimatengedwa ngati mbewu yosatha yokhala ndi masamba yayitali achikuda.

Ehmeya - chomera chokongoletsera

Mukakulitsa nyumba, duwa silidutsa 30-90 cm kutalika. Masamba ake amafika 20-50 cm. Ali ndi mano ang'onoang'ono m'mphepete. Masamba amapanga chopondera chozungulira, pakati pomwe pali rosette. Kuchokera kumwamba amakutidwa ndi mikwingwirima yosanjidwa ndi mawanga.

Mwachidule za mbiri yakuwonekera

Zomera zidawoneka ku South America - makamaka, ku Mexico. M'derali, limakula, lokhazikika pamitengo. Duwa limadya madzi ndi humus, lomwe limasonkhana phuma.

Ngakhale dera lakula, chikhalidwechi chili ndi dzina lachi Greek. Tanthauzo lake ndi "nsonga yamizere." Ndizosangalatsa kuti mayina a chomera chachilendocho adakhala ngwazi ya filimu yotchuka - Prince of Ehmey Gem mayiko.

Mawonekedwe a chisamaliro chakunyumba

Kukula kwa echmea wokongola, chisamaliro chanyumba chizikhala chokwanira.

Kutentha

Mtengowo umachokera m'mphepete ofunda, motero umawerengedwa ngati thermophilic. M'nyengo yotentha, amafunika kutentha kwa madigiri 20-16, nthawi yozizira - kuchokera + 17-18 madigiri.

Kuwala

Duwa la mkati litha kuikidwa m'malo osiyanasiyana m'chipindacho. Imakonda kukhazikika pawindo labwino. Ndikosayenera kuyika ehmey pazenera lakumpoto. Pankhaniyi, pamakhala chiopsezo cha kusowa kwounikira. Iyenera kulipidwa ndi phytolamp. Kuperewera kwa kuwala kumayendera limodzi ndi kusintha kwa masamba. Imayamba kukhala yotuwa komanso yosasinthika.

Kuthirira

Chikhalidwe chimafuna chinyezi choyenera. Kuyambira pakati pa kasupe mpaka kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira, duwa liyenera kuthiriridwa madzi osachepera katatu pa sabata ndi madzi okhazikika. Madziwo amayenera kuthiridwa mumaluwa. M'nyengo yozizira, kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kumachepetsedwa.

Kuwaza

Mtengowo ndi wa epiphytes. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mizu yake imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyimitsa. Masamba ndi omwe amasamalira udzu wa maluwa osowa, motero kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndiye kuthirira kwa chomera cha echmea. M'dzinja ndi nthawi yozizira, njirayi siyachilendo, koma osavomerezeka kuti ichotse kwathunthu.

Chinyezi

Kuti chikhala chinyezi chazungulira duwa, chimayenera kumalizidwa tsiku lililonse. M'chilimwe, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyika mphikawo pa pallet yonyowa ndi timiyala tonyowa. Chosafunikira kwenikweni ndi makulidwe anenera a chipinda chomwe chikhalidwecho chimakulirako.

Dothi

Mukamasankha dothi la ehmei, muyenera kupatsa chidwi ndi dothi lopepuka komanso louma, lomwe silisunga madzi. Ndikofunika kuphatikiza magawo awiri ofanana a turf ndi masamba. Komanso, theka la mchenga ndi humus ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa pazomwe zimapangidwa. Kuti dothi likhale lozizirirapo, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa makungwa, sphagnum, makala.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Kuyambira Epulo mpaka Seputembala, ehmeya yokhala ndi mikwingwirima imafunika zakudya zina zowonjezera. Feteleza amalimbikitsidwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito masiku onse 10 mpaka 10. Pazomwezi, mchere wopangidwa ku Bromeliad ndi woyenera. Umuna wama feteleza agawidwe magawo awiri. Imodzi mwa iyo imathiridwa pansi, ndipo yachiwiri nkukhala yoyatsira magetsi.

Duwa lapoizoni kapena ayi

Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti chomerachi ndi chakupha chifukwa choti msuzi wake umatha kuwotcha pakhungu. Izi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa mukamasamalira mikwingwirima ya nyumba. Kuyika ndikufalitsa chikhalidwe kumachitika ndi magolovesi.

Kodi limamasuka liti komanso motani

Chomera chimakhala ndi maluwa okongola. Kuti mupange pachimake pachitsamba, muyenera kuyisamalira bwino.

Kodi zimachitika bwanji? Pa peduncle yayikulu yomwe ili ngati muvi, inflorescence imawoneka ngati khutu kapena mantha. Chingwe chimawoneka chowoneka bwino kuposa maluwa okha. Imatha kukhala ndi utoto wofiirira kapena wapinki.

Nthawi ya maluwa

Maluwa amawoneka mchaka cha 5 cha moyo wa mbewu. Mukamauluka maluwa, mutha kumatha maluwa patatha zaka 2-3. Mu vivo, amatha kupezeka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Kunyumba azifuna mwachangu. Chotumphukira, pomwe zipatso zimapangidwa, chimatenga nthawi yayitali.

Chomera chimadziwika ndi maluwa opepuka

Kudulira

Kusamalira echmea sikutanthauza kudulira mwadongosolo. Masamba achikhalidwe ndi omwe amachititsa kuti azikhala ndi thanzi labwino. Ngati masamba athanzi achotsedwa, mbewuyo imatha kufa.

Momwe zimaswana

Popeza kutulutsa kumera mbewu zitathothoka, oweta amakakamizika kufalitsa mbewuyo mwadongosolo. Iyi ndi njira yosavuta, chifukwa ana amamera popanda mavuto.

Kufalikira ndi kudula

Kudula tsinde kuti mulime sikungapambane. Ali ndi phesi yaying'ono yomwe singakule. Komanso, mbewuyo imafa nthawi yomweyo. Chifukwa chake, kubadwanso kwa ehmei kumachitika ndi njira. Duwa litamaliza kudulira, kutulutsa kumapereka ana ndikufa. Kuuma pang'onopang'ono. Nthawi imeneyi, ana amakula mphamvu ndikukula.

Ndikofunikira kupatula gawo la mwana wamkazi kuchokera ku mizu yodziwika panthawiyo ikafika 2/3 ya kutalika kwa chikhalidwe cha amayi. Kuti mufalitse duwa, muyenera kuchita izi:

1. Chotsani mbewuyo mumphika ndikuchotsa dothi.
2. Pangani kudula pang'ono pang'ono kuti muwononge mizu ya mwana.
3. Patulani malo okhudzidwawo ndi makala kapena choko.
4. Dzazani mphika ndi mainchesi 10cm ndikadula michere.
5. Bzalani mwanayo ndikuphimba ndi mtsuko kapena chikwama. Ndikofunikira kupatsirana chomera tsiku lililonse.
6. Ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kusunga chinyezi ndikuchinjiriza ehme ku dzuwa.
7. Pambuyo masiku 20, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana momwe mizu ikukula.
8. Ngati atayamba chitukuko, poto uyenera kuyikidwanso m'malo watsopano ndipo chikhalidwecho chimayenera kusamalidwa bwino.

Chitsamba chikakula, chidzafunika kuti chiwalitsidwe. Ngati ana angapo abzalidwa, ayenera kubzala.

Kufalitsa mwa kuyala

Ehmey samatchukitsidwa motere. Tsinde la chikhalidwecho silimakhazikika ndipo silipanga mizu ya mlengalenga. Ndikofunika kubzala mbewu ndi ana.

Ehmey kufalitsidwa ndi ana

Thirani

Chikhalidwe sichikulimbikitsidwa kuti chiziwirika nthawi zambiri. Mothandizidwa ndi mizu, amalandila zakudya zochepa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusunthira chikhalidwecho kumalo atsopano kamodzi pachaka 3 chilichonse.

Mavuto omwe akukula

Mukamabzala mbewu, pamakhala chiwopsezo cha mavuto osiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala chifukwa chophwanya malamulo posamalira mbewu.

Chifukwa chiyani maluwa satulutsa

Zifukwa zosachepera maluwa:

• kuyatsa kosakwanira;
• chinyezi chochepa panthawi yakukonzekera kwachikhalidwe;
• Kutentha kumakhala kochepera +18 madigiri kapena kupitirira +35;
• mphamvu ya dzuwa mwachindunji;
• chinyontho chamdothi wamphamvu - kusayenda kwa madzi kumakwiyitsa njira yakuwola kwa mizu.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito maluwa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira izi:

• Ikani maapulo osoka kapena nthochi mu dothi lonyowa. Pamene zipatso zimasokoneza, zisinthe kukhala zatsopano.
• Kupereka chikhalidwecho ndi malo obiriwira. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kuphimba ndi mtsuko wagalasi kapena thumba. Ndikofunikira kuti kutentha kutentha kwa kutentha kubwezeretse pang'ono + madigiri 25.
• Pindani mozungulira chomera ndikuwongolera chinyezi.

Nthawi zambiri, njira zopulumutsira zimakupatsani mwayi woti mulandire maluwa kwa masiku 10.

Chifukwa chiyani ehmei chikasu, masamba owuma ndikugwa

Nthawi zambiri, masamba azikhalidwe amatembenukira chikasu chifukwa cha chitukuko cha matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Ndi maonekedwe a muzu wowola, chikaso ndi kufa kwa masamba amawonedwa. Panthawi imeneyi, mizu ya mbewu imada ndipo imayenda.

Pophwanya malamulo a chisamaliro, chomera chimadwala matenda oyamba ndi fungus

Kuzindikira koyenera kumathandizira kupewa kufa kwa mbewu. Kuti muchite izi, kokerani pansi, onani mizu ndikuchepetsa zidutswa zomwe zakhudzidwa.

Kenako chomera chimasinthidwa ndikuthawira kudziko lina ndikusunthidwa kumalo otentha komanso owala. Ndi zowonongeka zazikulu, mutha kudulira nthambi zazing'ono. Izi zithandiza kupulumutsa mphamvu yazomera.

Tizilombo

Echmea amatha kuthana ndi tizirombo tina tosiyanasiyana. Izi zikuphatikiza nkhupakupa, tizilombo tambiri, ndi mphutsi. Kuti muthane ndi majeremusi, amathandizidwa ndi yankho la sopo. Ngati sichithandiza, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo.

Mavuto ena

Kuphwanya malamulo osamalira mbewu kumapangitsa kuti masamba azikongoletsa komanso kukula kwa matenda:

• Maonekedwe akuuma pamasamba. Izi zikuwonetsa chinyezi chosakwanira.
• Masamba olima. Izi zikuwonetsa kuchepa kwanyontho. Ngati mutathilira atachira, ndiye kuti pali zovuta ndi mizu.
• Masamba achikasu ndi kutayika kwa mawonekedwe a motley. Zizindikiro zotere zikuwonetsa kusowa kwa kuyatsa.
• Kugonjetsedwa kwa masamba ndi tsinde zowola. Poterepa, mizu yomera siyingathe kupulumutsidwa. Mavuto oterewa amaphatikizidwa ndi chinyezi chambiri komanso kutentha pang'ono.

Kuphwanya malingaliro a olima maluwa kumayambitsa kusintha kwa masamba

Mitundu yazomera

Mitundu ya ehmei:

1. Echmea mikwingwirima kapena fasciata. Ndi chomera chokongoletsera bwino, chofika 60cm kutalika. Masamba ooneka ngati belu, omwe amaphimbidwa ndi mikwingwirima yozizira, ndi amodzi. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, mawonekedwe a Mfano, kapena aechmea a Fasciata osiyanasiyana, amatha kuphuka nthawi yonse yotentha.
2. Sparkling Ehmeya kapena Blue Mvula. Amadziwika ndi kukula kwakanthawi komanso masamba obiriwira obiriwira. Blue Rhine Ehmeya wasokoneza inflorescence ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono abuluu komanso coral bract.
3. Mitundu iwiri ehmeya. Izi ndizogonjetsedwa kwambiri ndi mphamvu zakunja zosiyanasiyana ndi masamba achilendo. Pamwamba iwo ali obiriwira, ndipo pansipa - red-violet. Maluwa amakhala ndi utoto wofiirira.
4. Ehmey Weilbach. Chomera chimadziwika ndi kusintha koyambirira mumithunzi ya masamba. Pansi iwo amakhala obiriwira-ofiira, ena onse amakhala obiriwira obiriwira. Mabasi amafika kutalika kwa masentimita 50. Amadziwika ndi inflemose inflorescence yowala. Broker amakhala ndi tint yofiirira, ndipo maluwa ndi abuluu.
5. Elembuyi imasokonekera kapena kumangidwa. Chikhalidwe chaching'onochi chimakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira. Duwa limadziwika ndi mabulangeki ofiira ofiira. Maluwa ali ndi golide wagolide.

Mitundu yambiri yazomera imadziwika.

Ehmeya ndi chomera chokongoletsera chokongola nthawi zambiri chomwe chimakulidwa ndi alimi a maluwa. Kuti chikhalidwechi chisangalatse maluwa ambiri motalika, liyenera kupereka chisamaliro chabwino.