Kukonzekera kaloti m'nyengo yozizira, momwe mungasungire: kutsukidwa kapena kudetsedwa?

Kaloti yosungirako ndi njira yowunikira yomwe imafuna maphunziro apadera.

Ndiko kulondola kwa kukhazikitsidwa kwake kumadalira nthawi yosungiramo zokolola.

Funso limakhalabe ngati n'zotheka kusamba karoti musanayike pansi?

Kotero, nditi kaloti yotentha yozizira kwambiri komanso momwe angakonzekeretse yosungirako, ganizirani motsatira.

Zapadera za masamba

Kaloti ndi mtundu wa mbewu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano kusungirako ndi kusinthidwa. Kusunga kaloti kumapeto mochedwa mitundu ndi hybridszomwe zikukwaniritsa zofunikira izi:

• mawonekedwe oyenera a kaloti;
• zokolola zambiri;
• mphamvu yosungirako.

Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kaloti wa pa tebulo pa nthawi yaitali yosungirako, gawo la mbeu likhoza kutayika kwathunthu.

Kusamba kapena ayi?

Kusamba kapena kusamba zokolola? Zonse zimadalira chiwerengero cha kaloti. Ngati iye, mwachitsanzo, ndowa 10, ndiye Muyenera kudziwa ngati pali nthawi, mphamvu, madzi, malo owumitsa mbewu zazu. Ngati zonse zilipo, mukhoza kupitiriza kukonzekera mbewu zazu.

Kaloti zoyera zidzasungidwa nthawi yaitali kusiyana ndi kusambidwa. Mu nthaka mungakhale ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi zowola.

Komanso, ndikuwonekeratu kuti zowonongeka zimaonekera, ngakhale zing'onozing'ono: nyongolotsi, ming'alu yaing'onoting'ono, mabala. Otsuka kale ndi kukonza kaloti amafalikira pa burlap pansi pa denga.

Chenjerani! N'zosatheka kuuma padzuwa, ngati mizu imataya chinyezi.

Werengani zambiri za ngati n'zotheka kusamba kaloti musanayike yosungirako ndi momwe mungachitire bwino, werengani apa.

Nthawi yosungirako

Ngati mbeu yosambidwa ili m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba pa kutentha kwa 0 mpaka +3 ° C ndipo chinyezi chache sichiposa 90%, chidzakhala miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Zambiri zokhudzana ndi alumali moyo wa kaloti zitha kupezeka m'nkhaniyi.

Mzere

Pakati pa wamaluwa, izi ndizofunika kwambiri:

• Mfumukazi ya autumn. Izi ndi zokoma zosiyanasiyana. Zipatso zake sizingatheke. Ali ndi kutalika kwa 25-30 masentimita. Mukhoza kusunga kwa zaka zosachepera.
• Kukoma kozizira Chiwerengero cha chilengedwe chonse chimasiyana ndi zokolola zambiri. Kukulolani kuti mukulitse chipatso cha kukoma kolemera, amene kutalika kwake kuli masentimita 20.
• The Emperor. Ndizovuta kwambiri ku matenda. Amapereka bwino nthawi yosungirako ndi kayendedwe. Kutalika kwa chipatso ndi 25-30 cm.
• Flacoro. Kalasi imapereka mbewu zambiri, mizu yayikulu. Iwo ndi okoma, ndipo kutalika kwake kumakhala masentimita 28.
• Vitamini 6. Zipatso zimasungidwa mwangwiro, popanda kutayika kunja ndi kulawa makhalidwe. Zipatsozo zimakhala zomveka mofanana, kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 15.
• Vita Long Zosiyanazi ndi chimodzi mwa otchuka kwambiri kusungirako. Zipatso zake zimagonjetsedwa ndi mitundu yovunda. Kukolola bwino kusungidwa ndikusamutsa zonyamula magalimoto kungagwiritsidwe ntchito mwatsopano ndi kusungidwa.
• Flakke. Izi ndi mitundu yovomerezeka yomwe imakupatsani inu kukolola kwakukulu ku madera a Russia. Zipatso ndi zazikulu komanso zotalika, zimakhala ndi kukoma kokoma. Zochitika za kalasi mukumana ndi zizindikiro za matenda omwe amachititsa kuti matendawa asokonezeke.
• Zosangalatsa. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi zokolola zambiri, kukana kuzizira, matenda. Zipatso zamaluwa zimasiyanitsa ndi juiciness wabwino ndi kukoma kokoma.
• Kusokoneza F1. Zipatso ndizochepa, thupi ndi lowawa komanso lowala lalanje. Mitundu yosiyana imatsutsa matenda, oyenera kusungirako nthawi yaitali. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwangwiro, pofuna kupanikizira ndikuphika chakudya cha mwana.

Pafupi ndi mitundu yanji yoyenerera bwino yosunga kaloti m'nyengo yozizira, werengani nkhani yathu.

Kodi mungapulumutse bwanji masamba anu m'nyengo yozizira?

Oyera

Kodi mungasunge bwanji nyengo yokolola yozizira? Kuti mizu yokolola ikhale ndi maonekedwe awo ndi maonekedwe awo motalika, Muyenera kutsatira ndondomeko yotsatirayi:

1. Mitsitsi yambiri yakuda kuti asambe, ikani pansi pa denga ndi youma. Sitiyenera kukhala ndi chinyontho chokwanira, chifukwa chimakhudza kwambiri kusunga mbewu.
2. M'chipinda chapansi muziika mabokosi. Mukhoza kuwadzaza ndi mchenga kapena utuchi. Ikani kaloti mmenemo. Mabokosi ayenera kukhala pamtunda wa mamita 1 kuchokera pansi. M'malo mwa bokosi la mchenga mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito matumba apulasitiki. Amagona pamatabwa. Musamangire matumba mwamphamvu, mwinamwake chinyezi chidzapangidwira mkati mwawo.
3. Kutentha kwa mpweya kutentha kwa kaloti ndi 0 ... + 5 ° pa chinyezi cha 90%. Kuthamanga kwa mpweya kuyenera kukhala kosayenerera.
4. Sungani karoti m'chipinda chapansi chingaperekedwe kokha ngati sichikuta madzi.
5. Ngati palibe cellar, mungathe kuchita popanda izo. Kuti muchite izi, mukuyenera kukumba dzenje pansi, kulimbani ndi kulidzaza kuchokera pamwamba. Ndi njira iyi, mbeuyi ikhoza kupulumutsidwa mpaka masika.

Kusungirako kosambitsa kaloti m'nyengo yozizira:

Wakuda

Ndondomeko yosunga kaloti yosasamba imakhalanso ndi zizindikiro zake:

1. Kololani mbewu yofalikira pansi pa denga ndi kuumitsa bwino. Sungani dzuwa kuti lisagwe pa kaloti. Kuonjezerapo, masiku awiri kusungidwa kusungidwa, kuzizira mbewu ku kutentha kwa madigiri 0.
2. Ino ndiyo nthawi yokonzekera chipinda. Ziyenera kukhala zouma, ndipo ulamuliro wa kutentha ukhale mkati mwa madigiri 10-12. Chinyezi sichiri chapansi kuposa 90-95%. Chipinda chofunda sichiyenera, monga chinyezi chimayamba kutuluka mu kaloti, ndipo mbewu zowamba zimatha. Kawirikawiri, 1 t ya kaloti imasiya 16 g wa chinyezi panthawi yosungirako.
3. Sungani mankhwala osungirako mankhwala ndi zitsulo pogwiritsa ntchito mkuwa wa sulfate.
4. Sankhani kaloti omwe ali ndi zolakwika, chifukwa si zoyenera kusungirako.

Palemba. Mukamaliza kukonzekera, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungasunge kaloti osasamba.

Pali angapo a iwo:

• Ambiri m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba. Njira iyi ndi imodzi mwa yogwira mtima kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, chipinda chapansi sichiyenera kuzizira m'nyengo yozizira ndi syr. Kuwonjezera apo, ikani kaloti pamatabwa a matabwa, okwera pamwamba pa mtunda wa mamita 1.
• Mchenga. Njira iyi ndi yovuta, koma zokolola zimasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Konzani bokosi la matabwa, liphimbe mchenga ndi masentimita atatu. Phulani zamasamba kuchokera pamwamba kuti zisakhudze. Pamwamba pamakhala mchenga, 1.5 masentimita wandiweyani.
• Mumabokosi ndi madengu. Muzule masamba ophimba ndi dothi lopanda dothi kapena laimu. Kusagwirizana kwa njirayi kuyenera kukhala ngati kirimu wowawasa (10 malita a madzi 1 makilogalamu a laimu kapena dongo). Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yowonjezera yowonjezera kaloti, perekani kwa masiku 1-2 mu mpweya wabwino. Chifukwa cha filimuyi imapanga chitetezo chodalirika kuchoka ku kuvunda ndi kufuna. Pindani mizu youma mu bokosi lalikulu.
• Mu matumba apulasitiki. Mphamvu zawo zikhale 30-35 makilogalamu. Pambuyo kudzaza thumba, musamangirize. Pomwe kupuma kaloti kumatulutsa mpweya woipa, womwe ndi chitetezo chabwino pa chitukuko cha matenda. Ikani matumbawo mwamphamvu m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba. Koma kawirikawiri njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa yosungirako mafakitale.

Malangizo ndi machenjezo

Kuti musunge kaloti malinga ndi momwe mungathere, muyenera kutsatira izi:

• Chipindacho chiyenera kukhala ndi zipangizo zamakono.
• Poyamba, mutatha kukolola, kaloti amatha kuuluka kwambiri, motero pamakhala mpweya wochepa, imayamba kutaya chinyezi ndipo imatha kutaya. Kotero momwe zimakhalira ndi chinyezi ndi 90%.

Komanso, Mukasunga mbewu, onetsetsani kuti mukuchepetsa mizu, kutsatira zotsatirazi:

1. Kuchotsa nsonga pamene mukukolola, kusiya kusiya pang'ono.
2. Pambuyo pokonza kaloti. Amadulidwa kuchoka pa 1 mpaka 3 cm. Zonsezi zimadalira kuwonongeka komwe kulipo.
3. Dulani muzu wa karoti, kumene kukula kwake kwa mchira kudzakhala 5 masentimita.
4. Gwiritsani ntchito mpeni wocheka. Mphepo yake iyenera kukhala yosalala ndi yosalala.
5. Pambuyo kudulira, magawo ayenera kuuma bwino.

Phunzirani zambiri za momwe mungakongolere kaloti m'nyengo yosungirako nyengo, mungapeze apa, ndi zina zambiri zokhudza kukonzekera koyenera kwa mizu yosungirako yomwe mungapeze pano.

Kusungirako kosambitsa kaloti sikuli kovuta, koma kofunika kwambiri. Mu mawonekedwe awa, mbewu idzasungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, kukhalabe maonekedwe ndi kukoma. Zimangosankha njira yoyenera yosungira mbewu zazu komanso kutsatira ndondomeko zomwe zatchulidwa.