Zosangalatsa: malo akumunda ndi mtengo wa bonsai m'nyumba.
Kupititsa patsogolo - chotupa kapena shrub yobiriwira, wachibale wa lilac, wogwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu amodzi ndi a gulu.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati khoma. Ntchito m'nyumba zamaluwa floriculture kuti apange mtengo mu maonekedwe a bonsai.
Kubzala, kusamalira ndi kubalana kwa privet, mpanda kuchoka, zithunzi - zonsezi ndipo sizomwe mungapeze m'nkhaniyi.
Kufotokozera ndi makhalidwe
Chovala chamtengo wapatali kapena Lustustrum - wandiweyani, nthambi shrub ya banja la azitona.
Chomeracho ndi chamtali, popanda kudulira pamalo otseguka kufika pamtunda wa mamita asanu.
Masamba ndi ofewa, oblong, lanceolate, wobiriwira, m'mitundu ina yokhala ndi chikasu kapena golide. Mbali yam'mwamba ndi mdima, kumbuyo kuli kowala.
Ndi mitundu yoyenera kudulira mitundu yolimba. Kudzala nsomba za hedgerow amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malo.
Chikhalidwe cha kunyumba chimakula mofanana ndi bonsai. Pamaso pa zikhalidwe zozizira kuchokera kwa ilo limatembenuza mtengo wodabwitsa mu kalembedwe kodziwika.
Kusiyana muutali maluwa (June-August). Mabala a inflorescence kapena paniculata, oyera, ndi fungo losangalatsa. Zipatso zimakhala zakuda, zakuda, zopangidwa mu September.
ZOCHITIKA! Zipatso za privet (maenje) ndi owopsa!
Zosamalira chisamaliro kunyumba ndi m'munda
Ligustum - wodzichepetsa. Ikhoza kuikidwa paliponse m'munda. Kuthetsa mthunzi wamthunzi ndi tsankho. Koma kukula kwakukulu ndi kuphulika kumachitika pakakhala dzuwa, pomwe limamera bwino komanso mochuluka.
Mitundu yonse yamtundu uliwonse imakhala yoyenera kukonza m'nyumba. Zabwino amapanga maonekedwe osiyana.
Kuti mumvetsetse chithunzi cha khoma kuchokera ku privet:
M'munda
Mavuto otsatirawa ndi ofunika pobzala mitengo yoyamba ndi kuyisamalira m'munda:
- kukafika malo - Mthunzi wa dzuwa kapena wamba;
- Njira ya nthaka ndi kubzala: Mawu - September-Oktoba. Chombo chimakonzedwa ndi mpweya wosanjikiza wa masentimita 20. Chigawo chachiwiri ndi nthaka ndi kuwonjezera kwa nitroammofoski (130g / m2). Nthaka iyenera kukhala ndi asidi otsika; ufa wa limestone kapena dolomite wawonjezeredwa;
ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Mbeu iyenera kukhala mizu ku chisanu, kotero simungachedwe ndi nthawi!
- chisamaliro: Chipale chofewa chikangosungunuka, dothi liyenera kulima ndi kulumikizidwa. Pa nthawi yomweyi, yambani kuyambitsa zowonjezera mchere;
- kuthirira: zosavuta - maulendo asanu ndi limodzi mphambu zisanu ndi ziwiri pa nyengo, koma zimakhala zoposa 40 l / m2;
- feteleza: pambuyo kasupe kudya mu chilimwe iwo amagwiritsa organic kanthu. Sakanizani ndi kuthirira. Potaziyamu ikuwonjezeka kamodzi pa zaka zitatu (15g / m2);
- kuchepetsa: zomwe zinachitika kumayambiriro kwa nyengo. Zonse zouma, zofooka nthambi zimachotsedwa, mawonekedwe okongola amaperekedwa. Pakuti kuchuluka kwa korona ntchito pinching pamwamba mphukira;
Kunyumba
Chitsambachi chimakhala ndi tsinde losavuta, ndipo limapatsidwa mosavuta mawonekedwe abwino. Mogwirizana ndi izi, bonsai kalembedwe mitengo opangidwa kuchokera privet anapeza kutchuka m'nyumba floriculture:
- malo okula: mpweya wabwino, chipinda chozizira. M'nyengo yotentha mungathe kukhala pa khonde. Kufikira kumafunika, koma osati dzuwa. Zitha kusungidwa pawindo la kumpoto, monga chomeracho chimapirira mosavuta kuwala. Mu kutentha akhoza kutaya masamba, kotero muyenera kupereka ozizira;
- zofunikira za nthaka: zokonzeka bwino zokonzeka. Mtengo wachikulire sungalekerere kuika, kotero, umagwiritsira ntchito njira yosankhira m'malo mwa gawo lapansi zaka ziwiri;
- kukula kutentha: mpweya uyenera kukhala wabwino - chimbudzi sichikulimbana ndi kutentha. Koma zojambula ndi mpweya wozizira kuchokera kumtunda zimatsutsana naye;
- kuthirira: kawirikawiri, yunifolomu, madzi amphepete;
- kuvala pamwamba: milungu iwiri iliyonse pa kukula. Anagwiritsidwa ntchito feteleza wapadera kwa bonsai. M'nyengo yozizira - kamodzi pa mwezi;
- mapangidwe: amayamba ali wamng'ono kwambiri. Zotchuka kwambiri ndizowoneka komanso zooneka ngati makungwa. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito waya, kuteteza nthambi ku malo omwe mukufuna. Achinyamata amawombera masentimita 20 m'litali amathadulidwa;
- kuyeretsa korona ndi thunthu: Chotsani nthawi zonse zouma ndi masamba ogwa. Madzi akukula pamtengo amayeretsedwa ndi burashi kawiri pa chaka.
Kuwaza
Mitundu ya mkati Mitsuko yabwino yoyamba ndi humus.
Zitsanzo zazing'ono zimaikidwa chaka ndi chaka, akulu sasowa kusinthasintha kawirikawiri, ndikwanira kuchita izi zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu zilizonse.
N'zotheka kusankhidwa mwachindunji kwa wosanjikiza chapamwamba. Chomeracho chimachotsedwa pa mbale zakale ndikuziviika kusamba kwa theka la ora kuti ziyeretsedwe mizu.
Amayang'anitsitsa mosamala, nsonga zowuma pansi zimadulidwa. Sitima yatsopano ya madzi imadzaza, kenako ndizitsulo zazing'ono za dziko lapansi.
Kenaka yikani chomeracho, mofanana ndikugawira mizu. Kwa kukongoletsera Zakudya zimatengedwa mokwanira. Kotero kuti chomeracho chimasungidwa bwino ndipo sichigwa pamtunda, mizu imayikidwa mothandizidwa ndi waya.
Imatumizidwa m'mabowo pansi pa mphika ndipo imalowa mkati mwa mizu. Mtengowo umasuntha pang'ono kuchokera pakati. Ng'ombe yamtambo, osasiya voids.
ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Mizu imafunika kugona msanga, chifukwa sitimakonda kukhala opanda nthaka.
Kutsetsereka kwakukulu kokhala ndi dongo. Ikusunga chinyezi ndipo imakhala ngati chizindikiro cha kuthirira. Mtengo umafunika kuti ukhale wothira pokhapokha dongo likayamba kuwala. Chomera chimayikidwa mu beseni ndikutsanulira madzi ambiri, omwe amaloledwa kukhetsa.
Chisamaliro china chikupanga. Masamba osayenera akuchotsedwa, ndipo nthambi za njira yoyenera zimatumizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito waya.
Kuswana
Mbewu
Mbewu imatengedwa kuchokera ku zipatso zokhwima mu October. Amathiridwa kuti achotse zamkati ndikulekanitsa zopanda kanthu.
Kutha - kutaya kunja, ndipo iwo okhala pansi amakhala osungunuka mu mchenga wozizira pa kutentha pafupi ndi zero.
Kufesa kwachitika masika mabokosi kapena kutseguka pansi. Kuwala, chonde chisakanizo chokhala ndi zofanana za peat, mchenga ndi humus.
Zakudyazi zimatsanuliridwa m'bokosi, pamwamba pake pamakhala mchere, mbewu zimayambidwa, ndipo zimadetsedwa ndi mchenga.
ZOCHITIKA! Mbeu zonse ziyenera kumangidwa ndi mchenga, makamaka kuti zisamveke pakamwa.
Mbewu nthawi zonse imatsitsidwa. Musamamwe madzi ndi jet lalikulu, kuti asayese nthaka. Mbande amasankhidwa mu gawo la 3-4 woona masamba. Mbeu yoyamba yambewu imakhala zaka ziwiri kenako.
Cuttings
Njira yofulumira landirani makope odzaza. Yakhala mu July. Cuttings adadulidwa kumapeto kwa maluwa. Zima zowonongeka ndi mizu ya cuttings. Dulani zidzukulu, zatsopano, zazikulu.
Kutheka kwa kudula kwa rooting kumayang'aniridwa ndi kutyoka - ziyenera kuwonetsa chiwonongeko cha nkhuni. Mapiritsi okhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 11-12 ndi masentimita imodzi m'mimba mwake atabzalidwa mu mchenga wotsukidwa amatsanulira mumtunda wa masentimita asanu pa gawo lalikulu - gawo losakaniza nthaka ndi mchenga.
Dulani ndi kudula pang'onopang'ono, kuwonjezeka ndi masentimita 5-6. Zakudya ataphimbidwa ndi galasi ndipo anakhalabe pafupi pafupifupi 250 ndi chinyezi chapamwamba. Pambuyo pa masabata awiri, mizu yoyamba imawonekera, imakhala ikukula patatha miyezi itatu.
Kuyika (kuwonjezereka)
Njira yopezera makope okwanira nthawi yochepa kwambiri. Zimamera kapena zigawo zimapangidwa mochuluka. Ayenera kuchotsedwa nthawi kuti asunge zokongoletsa.
Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, pamene mukufufuza mosamala, mbande ndi mizu yaikidwa kale. Zitsanzo zomwe zimapezedwa mwanjira imeneyi zimabzalidwa m'malo osatha ndipo zimakula mogwirizana ndi ndondomeko.
Matenda
Ligustum kukana ndi matenda koma nthawi zina mawanga a mtundu wofiira kapena wobiriwira amawonekera pa masamba.
Izi zikuchokera kuwonjezeka kwa acidity m'nthaka. Kuthetsa kuthetsa vutoli mu kugwa.
Mvula yamvula yozizira akhoza kupeza powdery mildew (pachimake choyera) (tsamba lofotokozera).
Powaletsa, mankhwala opangidwa ndi mkuwa (Xom, Oxy) ndi fungicides amachitika. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popewera ndi kusamalira tsamba lopiringa.
Bowa ili likuwonekera mwa mawonekedwe a thickening, redness ndi kupotoza masamba. Ayenera kuchotsedwa ku chitsamba ndi kutenthedwa, ndipo chomeracho chimapangidwa ndi fungicide.
Mitundu yapafupi ingadwale zojambula. Chotupacho chikuwonetsedwa mwa mawonekedwe a mtundu wosagwirizana. Matendawa amatha kukhala nsabwe za m'masamba, choncho chinthu choyamba muyenera kuteteza chomera ku tizilombo. Kupewa matendawa kungakhale koyambitsa kudya ndi mankhwala ndi fungicides.
Tizilombo
Kwa tizirombo privet timaphatikizapo:
- nyongolotsi: Zimakhudza mphukira ndi masamba;
- kangaude: Zimakhazikika pansi pa masamba, zikuchulukira mofulumira. Amata masamba ndi kuyamwa madzi;
- aphid: chimakwirira mphukira ndi masamba omwe amayamba kufota ndi kugwa. Pamagulu ake otetezeka, bowa limathandiza kuti mbewuyo ipezeke;
- thrips: amapezeka kutentha komanso kutsika. Amakhala pamunsi mwa masamba, ndipo pamwamba pake amawoneka ngati madontho oyera;
- chitetezo: Panthawi yomwe imatulutsa, masamba amavala mabala a bulauni, kufota ndi kugwa, monga tizilombo timadya timadziti;
- zojambulajambula: zodabwitsa za mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Siyani m'mphepete mwa masamba. Kuwonongedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Njira yolimbana ndi chishango ndi ntchito ya Aktellik kapena Karbofos. Zotsalira zotsalirazo zawonongedwa ndi Decis, Fitoverm kapena Inta-Vyr.
Madalitso
Chovala chambiri chili ndi mankhwala ambiri:
- makungwa - lili ndi phenols, tanins. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kutsekula m'mimba, chibayo, bronchitis;
- masamba - muli alkaloids, shuga, vitamini C, flavonoids, tannins. Decoction imagwiritsidwa ntchito monga gawo la zosakaniza za mankhwala a angina, pharyngitis, stomatitis, matenda aakazi;
- maluwa - Ali ndi mafuta ochuluka kwambiri. A decoction awo amagwiritsidwa kunja ndi laryngitis ndi stomatitis.
Kuwonjezera pa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, ali ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zimalola kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu zotsatirazi:
- zipatso, makungwa, masamba - Nsalu zamitundu, nsalu, zida zosiyana siyana;
- nkhuni - zoyenera kupanga kupanga zinthu ndi mapensulo.
ZOCHITIKA! Mankhwala ovomerezeka sakuzindikira machiritso a zomera. Khalani osamala kwambiri mukatenga infusions ndi decoctions.
Pembedzero pazenera
Gwiritsani ntchito privet kwa mazinga, omwe angakhale a maonekedwe osiyanasiyana.
Mosiyana ndi minda ya ku Europe yomwe imakula kufika mamita awiri, ku Russia kutalika koteroko kumayambitsa chisanu cha korona.
Choncho kutalika kwa malire kutalika kwa 50-70 cm. Uku ndiko kukula kwakukulu kwa bulangete ya chisanu m'nyengo yozizira.
Pofuna kukonza linga, tchire timabzala pamtunda wa 60-70 masentimita. Mukamabzala linga, mamita amatha kuchoka ku nyumba zowonongeka, kuti adziwe kudula.
Kusankha malo Gwiritsani ntchito kukumba hafu yafosholo Kutalika kwa masentimita 60. dzenje lamadzazidwa ndi madzi ndipo lamadza ndi kompositi. Zomera zimabzalidwa ndi kuthirira nthawi zonse m'masabata awiri oyambirira. Kenaka mafupipafupi amachepetsedwa. Kukongoletsa tsitsi kumaperekedwa mothandizidwa ndi maluwa amaluwa, pruner.
Mitundu ya curbs
Zojambulajambula. Mitengo imadulidwa mwa mawonekedwe a trapezoid ndi kupopera pamwamba. Ndi kudulira, pansi pa korona ndi wogawidwa kuwala. Kusakanikirana sikuyenera kukhala koopsa, kuti musagwire diso.
Mapangidwe a mawonekedwe amachitika pang'onopang'ono, monga shrub ikukula. Choyamba, kumanga mphukira kumadulidwa. Mwanjira iyi, nkhope zam'tsogolo ndi zapamwamba zimapangidwa mkati mwa zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi.
Karikomi. Kudulira kotereku kumatchuka ku Japan. Mitengo yopangidwa ndi mapiritsi. Ambiri omwe anabzala pamodzi ndi makope amasonkhanitsidwa kukhala amodzi ozungulira mapiritsi.
Fomu yatsekedwa fomu. Zolemba zotere zokongoletsera zoterezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kubzala mabedi mkati mwawo.
Kuchokera zoterezo mini-minda ali analandira, ali ndi yapadera kukongoletsa kwenikweni.
Pakati panu mukhoza kukhala ndi chivundikiro cham'mimba, chaka chilichonse chofalikira komanso minda yamaluwa.
Chisamaliro ndi kuthirira feteleza. Pa mita mita ndikupanga chidebe cha humus kuwaza mofanana. 10-15 magalamu a superphosphate amathiridwa pa humus pamwamba. Manyowa ali m'nthaka.
Kudyetsa nsomba, ntchito ngati khoma ndizofunika. Amawonjezera kukongoletsa, kuyambira zimathandizira ku mphamvu ya mtundu, wochuluka maluwa, mapangidwe a zipatso ndi unyinji wa korona. Mu June, tikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera mchere pamodzi ndi nitrogen, ndipo patatha mwezi umodzi - phosphorus ndi potaziyamu.
Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yozizira, zipilala zimakhala ndi chipale chofewa. M'chaka, chisanu sichitha kuyembekezera kusungunuka pang'ono. Ndikofunika kuti mudye nthaka. Bright, wobiriwira wobiriwira wamtambo wochokera ku privet, pa chisamaliro cholondola chake, ndi maluwa ake okongola adzakhala chokongoletsera chosadalirika cha munda wanu.
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