Malangizo ndi ndondomeko za momwe mungabzalidwe mbeu kuti kaloti ifulumire

Wamasamba aliyense amafuna kuwona mabedi okongola omwe ali ndi mphukira pamunda wake wamunda, ndikugwa kuti akolole bwino.

Zomwe anakumana nazo wamaluwa amadziwa nthawi yayitali nthawi zina ayenera kuyembekezera mphukira. Ganizirani zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa mwamsanga kuti zimere mbeu, njira zowonjezera kumera.

Kuchokera m'nkhaniyi mudzaphunzira zomwe zimakhudza mbewu kumera mukamabzala, kaya n'kotheka kufulumira ndondomekoyi ndi momwe mungachitire bwino. Pezani malangizo amodzi ndi sitepe pa kubzala mbewu.

Mndandanda wa zinthu zomwe zimakhudza mbewu kumera mutabzala

Zambiri zimakhudza nthawi yodzala ndi maonekedwe a mphukira zoyamba:

1. Mbewu yambewu. Kuyala zakuthupi sikuyenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa zaka zitatu, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito chaka chatha. Mbewu ziyenera kukhala zowala ndi khalidwe la karoti fungo, popanda makwinya ndi mawanga.
2. Mtundu wa nthaka ndi kubereka kwake. Nthaka yabwino kwa kaloti - kuwala, crumbly, pang'ono acidic nthaka.
3. Kuzama mozama. M'chaka amamera mbewu mozama masentimita 1, 2 isanafike nyengo yozizira, kuzungulira kubzala kumakhala 4 - 5 masentimita kuti mbeu zisamangidwe.
4. Mavuto a nyengo. Kaloti amakonda nyengo yofunda, nyengo ya dzuwa. Ngati nyengo imakhala yozizira ndipo nthaka siitenthedwa, mabedi amakhala ndi zojambulajambula.
5. Chinyezi. Thupi ndilofunikira kuti kutupa kwa mbewu ndi kufulumira kumera.

Kodi mungapititse patsogolo kuchuluka kwa mbande?

Kuyamba kwa mphukira zoyamba za kaloti kumadalira nyengo, kubzala ndi kuphulika kwa nthaka, nyemba kapena zouma zinabzalidwa. Maganizo a kutuluka kwa mphukira amasiyana kuyambira masiku asanu mpaka masabata atatus

Ndondomeko yothandizira ndi ndondomeko: momwe mungabzalidwe moyenera?

Kodi ndi njira zotani zomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito nkhaniyi musanafese?

Kukonzekera bwino mbewu kumathandizira kufulumira kumera ndikukula bwino kaloti. Kuchiza mbewu kumaphatikizapo ndondomeko:

• Kukana. Chotsani nthenda yowopsa ndi yopanda kanthu. Pamizidwa m'madzi, mbewu zabwino zimakhala pansi, ndipo zopanda kanthu zimayandama pamwamba ndikuchotsedwa.
• Manganese njira yothetsera matenda. Kuti muchite izi, sungani magalamu 1 a manganese mu 1 galasi, zilowerere mbewu 10 - mphindi 15.
• Akuwotha m'madzi ofunda kuchotsa mafuta ofunikira pamwamba pa mbeu kuti mbewu ifike mofulumira.
• Kumera. Musanabzala, mbeu zowonongeka pansi pa filimuyi zimakhala zotenthetsa, patatha masiku owerengeka kumera kwa mbewu kumayamba, ndipo ikabzalidwa pansi, mbewu zotere zimamera mofulumira.

Nthawi

Kuti mumvetse bwino nthawi yobzala, m'pofunikira kusankha mtundu wa kaloti umene mukukula kuchokera ku mbewu. Mitengo ya karoti ndi kukula kumagawidwa m'mawa, pakati ndi mochedwazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yosungirako.

• Mitengo yoyambirira ya kaloti yofesedwa kutseguka kumapeto kwa mwezi wa April ndi kumayambiriro kwa May, pamene kutentha kwa kunja kumayambira madigiri oposa3.
• Pakati ndi mochedwa mitundu ya kaloti imabzalidwa pansi kuyambira 1 mpaka 20 May.
• Anakumana wamaluwa kuchita yophukira kubzala kaloti kumapeto October ndi oyambirira November kukolola chaka chotsatira milungu iwiri patsogolo kasupe kubzala. Kufesa kotereku kuli koyenera kumadera kumene nyengo yachisanu imakhala ndi chisanu chofewa komanso chimvula chofewa, kuti mbewu zisamaundane m'nyengo yozizira.

Mabedi

Pakuti karoti mabedi m'munda, lotseguka malo malo amasankhidwa, monga karoti amakonda kukhala pansi pa dzuwa lonse masana maola. Mabedi a m'munda ali m'malo omwe chaka chatha chinakula:

• tomato;
• nkhaka;
• mbatata;
• kapena kabichi.

Kukonzekera kwa mabedi kumayamba kugwa.

1. Dulani nthaka, chotsani mizu ya namsongole.
2. Kwa nthaka feteleza zimapanga humus, phulusa, kompositi. M'chaka, mineral feteleza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito masabata awiri mbewu isabzalidwe ndipo nthaka imakumbidwanso.
3. Kaloti amakonda nthaka yosalala, yosavuta. Pofuna kumasula nthaka, perekani peat ndi mchenga.
4. Zigawo za mabedi zimadalira kukula kwa chiwembu ndi zofuna za mwini munda. Kukula kwakukulu kwa mabedi: mamita ambiri ndi mamita masentimita 20 pamwamba. Pa bedi amapanga mizere, yomwe amafesedwa kaloti.
5. Musanafese mizere ya mbewu yomwe inakhetsedwa ndi yankho la manganese, njirayi imateteza karoti ku matenda ndi kupha tizilombo.

Microclimate

Mavuto okongola chifukwa cha kuwombera mwamsanga kaloti:

• kutentha kwa mpweya sikuli pansi + 14 digrii;
• kutentha kwa nthaka ndiposa madigiri 8;
• nthawi zonse chinyezi cha nthaka.

Ndondomeko yabwino

Pakuti kubzala kaloti kumapanga kutalika kwa masentimita 20 kuchokera pa wina ndi mzake ndi kupitirira masentimita 6 ndi kuya kwa masentimita awiri. Mtunda pakati pa mbewu ndi 2 - 3 masentimita.

Kusankhidwa kwa oyandikana nawo abwino m'munda

Oyandikana nawo abwino a kaloti ndiwo:

• tomato;
• anyezi;
• adyo;
• radish;
• saladi;
• nandolo;
• karoti imakula bwino pafupi ndi sipinachi.

Kuteteza karoti kuwonongeka ndi karoti-ntchentche, zimalangizidwa kuzungulira kubzala ndi zomera monga:

• fodya;
• rosemary;
• kapena wanzeru.

Kusamalira bungwe

1. Kaloti ayenera kumwa madzi kamodzi pa masiku asanu ndi awiri - masiku asanu ndi awiri.
2. Ndikofunika kuchotsa msanga namsongole kuti asasokoneze kukula kwa mbande.
3. Pambuyo pa kapepala kachiwiri kakang'ono kameneka, mbande za kaloti zimachepa, ndipo mphukira imodzi yotsalira imasiyidwa mu chisa.
4. Pofuna kutulutsa nthaka, m'pofunika kumasula mzerewu, makamaka mvula ikadula mbande.
5. Kubzala kumachitika nthawi ndi nthawi. Manyowa amchere amagwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo popatulira. Kudyetsa kachiwiri kumachitika patatha masiku 20.

Nchiyani chomwe chiyenera kuchitidwa kuti chikhalidwe ichi chikule mwamsanga?

Njira yosavuta kufulumizitsa zikamera za mbande zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa wandiweyani polyethylene. Lembani bedi ndi filimu: pakati pa polyethylene ndi nthaka, mtunda ndi masentimita 12, kusiyana kwa mpweya kumapezeka. Firimuyi yasiyidwa kwa sabata, kenako imachotsedwa..

Kuphimba filimuyi kumapangitsa kuti zomera zisamafe, zomwe zimathandiza kuti mbewu zithe kumera mofulumira komanso mofanana.

Kaloti ndi mchenga wodzichepetsa, koma amafunikira kudziwa ndi luso linalake lokula. Kusonkhanitsa malamulo onse a mbewu ndi kukonzekera kwa nthaka, kubzala ndi kusamalira mu zovuta, ngakhale oyambitsa angathe kupeza mosavuta zotsatira ndikutolera mbewu yaikulu ya kaloti zokoma ndi zathanzi.