Choseweretsa - chosakanizidwa ndi chitumbuwa

Kudutsa pamatcheri ndi yamatcheri nthawi zambiri kumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino. Kwa zaka mazana angapo zapitazi, obereketsa ku Europe ndi mayiko a CIS alandila bwino mitundu yatsopano ya hybrids zatsopano. Nthawi zambiri amalandila zabwino kuchokera kuzomera za kholo. Palibe chosiyana ndi chidole chotengera. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ogula, mitunduyi imakonda kwambiri wamaluwa.

Kufotokozera yamatcheri amitundu Toy

Chidolecho sichiri chitumbuwa - ndi chosakanizira chamatcheri ndi yamatcheri. Adazipanga ku Ukraine, ku Institute of Irrigated Horticulture of Ukraine dzina lake M.F. Sidorenko. Zophatikiza zamatcheri ndi yamatcheri amatchedwa abwanawa.

Chidolecho ndi chosakanizira yamatcheri

Duke amapezeka ndikulumikiza kwamatcheri pa chidebe chokhala ndi chitumbuwa. Zowona, kuchuluka kwa kupulumuka kwa katemera koteroko sikokwanira, koma, ngati zikuyenda bwino, zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino komanso zipatso zambiri.

Matoyi amakhala ndi makolo oyenera. Mbali ya chitumbuwa, imayesedwa ndi Lyubskaya (pakati pa anthu a ku Lyubka) - mu State Register kuyambira 1947, zipatso kuyambira chaka cha 3, zolimba, zosadzikuza, zoyendetsa. Kumbali yamatcheri - Melitopol zosiyanasiyana Wakuda wakuda, zipatso zomwe zakhalako kuyambira chaka cha 3, ndizodzipereka (makilogalamu 40 kuchokera pamtengo), mabulosi olemera - 15 g.

Cherry Toy adalandira zabwino kwambiri kuchokera kwa mbewu za makolo

Zolemba Zamakalasi

Mtundu wa dyukovy uli ndi izi:

• Mtengo wamtali, wamtali pafupifupi 7 m.
• Kutalika, korona wozungulira.
• Masamba obiriwira akuda, mthunzi wokhazikika.
• Limamasula pachaka mphukira, inflorescence imakhala ndi masamba atatu.
• Cherry amadzilimbitsa, motero amafunika ma pollinators - yamatcheri kapena yamatcheri amitundu ina.
• Zipatsozi zimakhala zofiirira zakuda, zolemera 9 g, zokhala ndi khungu loonda, losachedwa kupsa, zamkati zamtundu wakuda wakuda ndi mbewu yosavuta kupezeka.
• Kukoma kwakukulu.
• Kukolola kwakukulu kumakula ndi zaka. Mtengo wazaka khumi umapatsa 50 kg. Zipatso zaka 20-30.
• Kulekerera chilala.
• Kukana kwazizira - mtengowo umapirira mpaka -25 ° C.
• Kukucha kumapeto kwa June (ku Melitopol).

Kanema: Toy mitundu yamatcheri

Momwe mungabyalare chidole cha chitumbuwa

Kuti Chidole chikule komanso chathanzi, kupereka zipatso zokoma ndi zipatso zambiri, muyenera muziganiza za komwe ndibwino kuti mubzale, m'malo mwake. Muyenera kudziwa kuti yamatcheri amakonda kukula pakati pawo - yamatcheri, plums. Samakhala bwino ndi apulo, peyala, mtedza, rasipiberi, currants. Zingakhale bwino ngati mutakhala ndi ma cherries Naughty kapena Samsonovka, komanso ma cherry Valery Chkalov kapena Franz Joseph.

Tsambalo likuyenera kukwezedwa, lili ndi bedi lakuya lamadzi nthaka, lopanda dzuwa komanso lokwanira. Malo otsetsereka a 10-15 °, makamaka kumadzulo kapena kumpoto chakumadzulo - izi ndizomwe Toy amafunikira. Nthaka ndiyabwino kuwala, pamchenga, koma mtengo udakula. Chachikulu ndikuti lapansi sayenera kukhala acidic.

Nthawi yayitali

Chinthu choyamba chosankha ndikutera nthawi. Pali zosankha ziwiri - m'dzinja kapena koyambirira kwamasika. Yoyamba imasankhidwa pokhapokha pazifukwa zina sizingatheke kubzala mtengo kasupe.

Kubzala mu yophukira sikungakhale koyenera kwambiri chifukwa nyengo yachisanu chomera chaching'ono chimakhala pa ngozi yozizira. Izi ndizowona makamaka kumadera akumpoto ambiri. Chifukwa chake, lingalirani kubzala kwa masika.

Kusankha mbande

Ndikwabwino kugula mbande mu kugwa. Pakadali pano, ali ndi kusankha kwakukulu, pomwe nthawi ya kasupe amagulitsa zomwe zimatsala m'dzinja. Mumakonda mbande wazaka ziwiri kapena ziwiri zokhala ndi mizu yolumbika bwino. Zaka zitatu ndi okulirapo sizimakhala mizu ndipo nthawi zambiri sizimabala zipatso konse.

Mbewu za Cherry ziyenera kukhala ndi mizu yopangidwa mwaluso

Nthawi zambiri, yamatcheri pachaka amakula mpaka 0.7-0.8 m, wazaka ziwiri wazaka amakula mpaka 1.1-1.3 m.

Kukumba mbande yachisanu

Masika asanafike, mbande zimafunika kukumba mozungulira momwe mulitali. Dzenje liyenera kukhala lakuzama 25-25 cm, kutalika - kutengera kutalika kwa mmera.

Wofesa mbewu amafunika kukumba nthawi yozizira kuti ateteze kuzizira

Pansi pamafunika kudzazidwa ndi mizu ndi thunthu, kusiya korona pamwamba. Imakutidwa ndi chipale chofewa kapena ulimi.

Kukonza dzenje

Maenje obzala amafunikiranso kukhala okonzekera kugwa. Kuya kwake kuyenera kukhala 40-50 cm, ndi mainchesi - 70-80 cm.

Ndondomeko

1. Choyamba, chotsani dothi lakumtunda popanda kusakanikirana ndi magawo apansi.
2. Kenako, nthaka yosanjikiza yapamwamba, 20-30 kg ya humus yoyenda bwino (kapena kompositi) imathiridwa m'dzenje, 1-1,5 l phulusa lamatabwa, 200 g ya superphosphate amawonjezeredwa.
3. Zonsezi zimasakanizidwa ndikusiyidwa mpaka masika.
   

   Pamwamba pa dothi pamalowe pobowapo

Kubzala yamatcheri

Kumayambiriro kwam'mawa, pomwe masamba anali asanaphuke, ndipo matalala anali atayamba kusungunuka ndipo nthaka idayamba kutenthetsa, mutha kuyamba kubzala. Nthawi zambiri izi ndi Epulo, komanso kum'mwera - ngakhale Marichi.

Ndondomeko

1. Mtengo umaponyedwa m'mbuna, mmera umayikidwa pafupi ndi chitunda, kuti udzutse mizu yake, ndikuwakutidwa ndi dothi. Ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti khosi la mizu silikuphimbidwa ndi lapansi, koma limakhala 3-5 cm pamwamba pamtunda. Ngati ndi yotsika kwambiri, pamakhala chiwopsezo chozizira pansi, chifukwa chimatha kupanikizana.
2. Amapanga dothi bwino, ndikupanga bwalo loyandikira ndikuthirira mtengo.
3. Mangani chopondera pamtengo ndikudula nthambi zonse 10 cm.
   

   Khosi la mizu liyenera kukwera pang'ono pamwamba pa nthaka.

Izi zimamaliza ntchito yobzala, tsopano muyenera kusamalira moyenera chisamaliro ndi chitetezo ku matenda ndi tizirombo.

Kulima ndi chisamaliro

Nthawi zambiri yamatcheri amakhala osasamalika. Chidole sichili chimodzimodzi. Kusamalira ndikuthira ntchito zotsatirazi zosavuta:

• Kukula:
  • Kudulira koyamba ndikudula nthambi nthawi yobzala. Mitengo yaying'ono siyidulidwamo kufikira itakwanitsa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, pamene itakula bwino.
  • Pambuyo pa zaka 6, kudulira kumachitika chaka chilichonse. Monga mwachizolowezi, zouma, zodwala komanso pang'ono pang'ono zomwe zimakula mkati mwa korona zimachotsedwa. Popeza yamatcheri pa mphukira zazing'ono zomwe zimamera mkati mwa korona zimapanganso thumba losunga mazira, ndikofunikira kupereka iwo kokha ndi kukulira kwamphamvu.
  • Chidacho ndi mtengo wamtali, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kusankha zipatso kuchokera pamwamba pa korona. Chifukwa chake, mchaka chachisanu ndi chiwiri, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse mphukira yapakati kuti muimitse kukula kwa mtengowo, pambuyo pake umasinthika kukhala nthambi yofalirana.
  • Mphukira zowononga zimachotsedwa kwathunthu, chifukwa siziberekanso zipatso, kapena kusiya masamba atatu pa iwo, zomwe zidzapangitse mapangidwe a maluwa chaka chamawa.
  • Ali ndi zaka khumi ndi zisanu, kudula kumayimitsidwa (kupatula ukhondo).
• Kutsirira kumachitika katatu pachaka: musanayambe maluwa, mutakolola komanso nyengo yachisanu isanachitike. Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi - 30 l pa 1 mita² bwalo.
• Kuthira feteleza adzafunikira chaka chachitatu mutabzala:
  • Chapakatikati, maluwa asanakhale, maluwa a urea kapena nitrate amawonjezeredwa kuti akumbe pa 25 g pa 1 mita².
  • Pak maluwa, humus imawonjezeredwa pamlingo wa 5 kg pa 1 mita² bwalo.
  • Mukatha kukolola, amamwetsedwa ndi organics kuti athe kubwezeretsa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakupanga zipatso. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kuthira kulowetsedwa kwa 1 lita imodzi ya mullein, kuchepetsedwa mu 10 malita a madzi (kunena masiku 5-7). 2 l ya kapangidwe imawonjezeredwa mumtsuko wamadzi ndikuthiriridwa ndi bwalo lozungulira (1 chidebe cha 2-4 m²).
  • Kavalidwe kabwinoko kabwino kumachitika, komwe nthawi yakula imakulitsa zipatso zambiri.

Gome: Mavalidwe apamwamba apamwamba

Matenda a Cherry ndi Kuwongolera

Chidacho chimayamba kugwidwa ndi matenda omwe amakhala ndi ma cherries wamba:

• mafuta owonongera (kleasterosporiosis);
• coccomycosis;
• moniliosis;
• kuzindikira kwa chingamu (gammosis), ndi zina.

Kleasterosporiosis ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Zizindikiro zoyambirira - mawanga ansalu amawoneka pamasamba, omwe amawonjezereka, mabowo amawoneka.

Coccomycosis ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Amawonetsedwa ndi kupanga kunja kwa masamba a malo akuda kwambiri. Pakapita nthawi, zimachulukana, masamba amawuma ndikugwa. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri mu Ogasiti, njirayi imatchedwa kugwa kwa tsamba lotentha.

Moniliosis (kuwotcha kwachuma) kumakhudza mphukira, masamba, maluwa. Ndi matendawa, amawoneka ngati awotchedwa - chifukwa chake dzinalo.

Kupewa komanso kuchiza matenda awa ndi ofanana. Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yophukira kapena kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, mphukira zonse zomwe zimasokonekera zimachotsedwa ndikuwotcha (sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito kompositi). Ndiye chithandizo chimodzi cha mankhwala:

• sulfate yachitsulo 3%;
• sulfate yamkuwa 3%;
• Bordeaux osakaniza 3%;
• Nitrafen;
• BOTTOM.

Pambuyo maluwa, amasinthira ku biofungicides (mankhwala othana ndi matenda a fungus). Horus, Quadris adadzitsimikizira mwangwiro. Amasiyana chifukwa amatha kuwagwiritsa ntchito masiku 7 asanakolole ndi kudya zipatso. Pafupipafupi mankhwala ndi milungu iwiri. Ndalama iliyonse sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mopitilira katatu, chifukwa oyambitsa matendawa amayamba kugonjetsedwa nawo.

Chithandizo cha chindewu si matenda, koma momwe mtengo umachitikira pazinthu zina zoyipa:

• dothi lolemera;
• kuwonongeka kwa kotekisi;
• kuchulukana mu mbewu;
• kutentha kwa dzuwa;
• feteleza wopitilira muyeso;
• kusinthasintha kwa kutentha kwa mpweya, ndi zina zambiri.

Nthawi zambiri, chingamu (chomata pang'onopang'ono) chimatuluka pomwe makungwa a mtengo awonongeka. Amakhulupilira kuti mmera mwanjira imeneyi amachiritsa mabala omwe adapweteka. Mtengo ukawonongeka, amachita izi:

1. Dulani chingamu ndi mpeni kuti mukhale wathanzi.
2. Malowo odulidwawo amathandizidwa ndi yankho la 1% ya sulfate yamkuwa.
3. Malo odulirako amatetezedwa ndi wosanjikiza wa mund Var.

Zithunzi Zazithunzi: Matenda a Cherry

Ndemanga zamagetsi

Palinso woyipitsitsa kuposa Chidole, koma amapereka zipatso zambiri.

Slivin

//usadba.guru/sadovodstvo/kostochkovye/vishnya/sort-igrushka.html/

Ndili ndi mitundu yayikulu kwambiri, Toy.

Sergey 55

//forum.vinograd.info/archive/index.php?t-351-p-8.html

Cherry Toy ndikututa kotsimikizika kwa zaka 20-30 zikubwerazi. Umu ndi momwe amasangalalira ndi zipatso zake zosaneneka komanso zonunkhira.