Dicenter ndi mbewu yobiriwira ya banja la poppy. Habitat - zigawo zakum'mawa kwa Asia, zigawo kumpoto kwa America.
Zisonyezero
Chomera cha Shrub chimakhala ndi mizu yopanda minofu. Kutalika kwa tsinde kumayambira 30 cm mpaka 1 mita. Mphukira za chinangwa zimapezeka pansi. Zomera zam'maso zokhala ndi nthenga, zobiriwira zowala bwino.
Mapangidwe a masamba ndi ojambula pamtima. Mtundu - kuchokera oyera mpaka ofiira. Dongosolo - mpaka 2 cm.
Pambuyo pa maluwa, makapisozi akuda a mbewu amawonekera, ndi chophatikiza chake, chodzala zinthu kwa zaka ziwiri zimapulumutsa kumera.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya ma dicentres: zithunzi zokhala ndi mayina
Mukukula m'minda yaminda, mitundu iyi ya ma dicentres ndioyenera:
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Maluwa | Zosamalidwa |
| Zokongola | Kwawo - North America. Kuyambira m'zaka za m'ma 1800, agwiritsa ntchito zokongoletsera m'minda. Mphukira, yotalika masentimita 30 mpaka 40. Akuwombera ndi zotanuka, masamba ali obiriwira, omwe ali pamtunda wamtunda. | Mtundu - kuchokera ku siliva wotumbululuka mpaka kufiira. Ma inflorescence ndi ma racemose. | Maganizo ake ndi odzichepetsa, amalolera chisanu bwino. |
| Aurora | Shrub imafika kutalika kwa 35 cm, m'malo amodzi amakula mpaka zaka 8. Udzu - wokhala ndi nthenga, wobiriwira. | Mawonekedwe okonda mtima, oyera - oyera. | Kutentha kochepera -30 ° C, kuwonjezera kuphimba. Mizu yake imalowera pansi kukafunafuna chinyezi, ndiye kuti duwa silikhala madzi. |
| Bakchanal (Bekkanal) | Chomera chobiriwira chazomera mpaka kutalika kwa 80 cm. Masambawo ndi opindika, obiriwira. | Ali ndi mawonekedwe amtima wobaya ndi muvi. Masamba ake ndi ofiira kapena ofiira, okhala ndi malire oyera kuzungulira m'mbali. Mainchesi pafupifupi 2 cm. | Wosaumbika, wobzalidwa pang'ono. Mawonedwe ake sagwirizana ndi chisanu. |
| Lakshariant | Osatha, amakula mpaka 35 cm. Masamba ndi otseguka, osema, amtundu - obiriwira-siliva. | Zojambula zozungulira pamtima. Colouring - fuchsia. | Kubala kumachitidwa pamthunzi wochepa. |
| Mfumu ya mitima | Kuphatikizidwa ndi mitundu yamitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya dicentres, imatalika masentimita 25. Foliage imapanga rosette yapansi, mbali yakunja ndi yobiriwira, yamkati imvi. Gwiritsani ntchito poyang'anira malo. | Zojambula pamtima, utoto - wofiirira kapena wapinki. | Amayikidwa pamalo otseguka kapena pamthunzi. Kamodzi pa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi zilizonse zimachitika. |
| Zabwino | Imafika kutalika kwa mita 1. Kwawo - China. | Zolimba mtima. Mtundu wapinki. | Ozizira kwambiri, amakhala pogona. |
| Alba | Kutalika kwa Shrub - mpaka 1 m. | Choyera. | Kusintha maluwa, amaikidwa munthaka yabwino, yomwe imathiridwa feteleza nthawi zonse. Mu yophukira mphukira zonse zimachotsedwa, masentimita 5 okha ndiwootsala, ophimbidwa ndi nthambi za spruce. |
| Dicentra spectabilis | Tchire limakhala lalitali masentimita 60. Masamba ake ndi akulu, osankhidwa. | Ma inflorescence ndi ma racemose. Utoto - wotuwa pinki, pamalangizo - malire oyera. | Maganizo ake ndi onyozeka, koma m'mazizira kwambiri amakhala pogona. |
| Dicentra eximia | Kwawo - North America. Ali ndi mphukira wamtambo wakuda. | Violet. Phula limakungwa. | Zomera sizigwirizana ndi chisanu, koma ozizira masitepe, kuphimba ndi nthambi za peat ndi spruce. |
| Zabwino | Kunja, ndi ofanana ndi fern. | Pinki. | Wobzala pang'ono pang'ono, sabata limodzi pa sabata. |
| Misozi yagolide | Shrub mpaka 2 m kukwera. Mfuti ndizolimba koma zotha kusintha. Masamba ndi ochepa, ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira. | Wokhala ndi mtima, wachikasu kwambiri. | Khazikitsani chothandizira ndi kumangirirani chomeracho. |
| Mpesa wagolide | Wosatha mpaka 2,5 mamita. Masamba ndi ochepa, obiriwira pang'ono. | Chachikulu, dzuwa. | Kukula kwamaluwa wamba, kuthandizira kumayikidwa. |
| Glomerular | Zamoyo zazinyama, zofika 15 cm kutalika. Masambawo ndi owopsa, ndiye kuti magolovesi amagwiritsidwa ntchito posamalira mbewu. Duwa limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamunda wamankhwala. | Wapinki kapena oyera. | Wobzala pamthunzi wosachepera, kuthirira kamodzi pa sabata, kudulira koyenera. |
| Golide adayenda | Kwawoko - Mexico ndi California. Amadziwika kuti ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yayikulu kwambiri, amafikira kutalika kwa 1.5 m. | Golide, napindika miyala. | Imodzi mwa mitundu yopatsa chidwi kwambiri, chifukwa chake imathiriridwa katatu pa sabata, imaphimbidwa nthawi zonse kuchokera ku dzuwa, ndipo matenda ndi tizilombo timaletsedwa. |
| Maluwa Amodzi Oyera (Mutu wa Cow) | Imakula mpaka mita 1. Mudzi - Idaho, Utah. Mzerewo umakhala ndi kutalika kwa 10cm. | Yokha, mtundu - yoyera ndi pinki. Mapeyala amapindika. | Chomera chikufuna chisamaliro, chifukwa chake, kuthirira nthawi zonse, kulima, kuvala pamwamba. |
| Waku Canada | Amakula mpaka masentimita 30. Udzu - wobiriwira-imvi. | Choyera ngati chipale. | Kutsitsa, kulekerera chilala bwino. |
Pafupifupi mitundu 20 imasiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu iyi, yomwe imakondwera ndi maluwa ake masika, chilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira.
Kubzala dicentres panthaka
Zomera zomwe zimamera dothi lotseguka, zimayang'anira nthawi yobzala ndikutsatira ukadaulo.
Nthawi yayitali
Duwa limayikidwa pansi kumapeto kwa masika, nthawi zina - kumayambiriro kwa yophukira. Koma pakubzala kwa September, ndikofunikira kuganizira nthawi yomwe mizu iyenera kukhala ndi nthawi yozika mizu isanayambike chisanu. Tsambali limasankhidwa bwino-kuwilitsidwa kapena mthunzi wochepa.
Momwe mungabzalire
Nthaka iliyonse ndi yoyenera kumera dicentres, koma zokonda zimaperekedwa ngati nthaka yabwino, yopanda madzi, yonyowa komanso yokhala ndi michere yambiri. Malo omwe adakonzedweratu amakonzedwa pasadakhale, chifukwa dothi limakumbidwa mpaka pakuzama kwa fosholo imodzi ndipo humus imayambitsidwa (pa 1 sq. M 3-4 kg ya feteleza), yothiridwa ndi yankho la michere.
Musanabzike, pangani mabowo kuti muike maluwa. Dawo ndi kuya - 40 cm, nthawi pakati pa zitsamba - masentimita 50. Malo osungirako miyala kapena tchipisi ta njerwa amaikidwa pansi. Thirani dothi lamtunda, lisanagwirizanidwe ndi kompositi. Chomeracho chimatsitsidwa mu dzenje ndikukutidwa ndi nthaka kuchokera kumwamba. Dothi likakhala lolemera, limaphatikizidwa ndi mchenga.
Zolemba posamalira pakati
Ngati malowa adasankhidwa molondola, ndipo ikamatera idachitika molingana ndi ukadaulo, pamenepo sipangakhale mavuto ndi kulima dicentres. Koma amayamba kuyang'anira maluwa maluwa atamera koyamba, nthawi yomweyo amasula dothi kuti apange mpweya wabwino wofika muzu.
Kuthirira, kumasula, kuyamwa
Kukula ndi kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi obweretsedwa padziko lapansi kumayenderana ndi kutentha. M'nyengo yotentha, kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kumakhala kawiri m'masiku 7, nthawi yophukira-yozizira - kamodzi pa sabata. Nthaka sayenera kukhala yonyowa kwambiri, monga mizu imavunda.
Udzu wozungulira dicentres tikulimbikitsidwa kuti uchotsedwe pafupipafupi, kudula nthambi zouma ndi zouma. Pambuyo pa maluwa, mitengo yonse ikuluikulu imachotsedwa pansi pa mizu, kusiya zitsa zochepa zokha.
Pomera ku chisanu, chomerachi chanyongedwa. Mukadulira, mbali zotsalazo za maluwa zimakutidwa ndi peat ndipo yokutidwa ndi singano. Chotsani chitetezo chokha mchaka.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Chomera chimadyetsedwa katatu:
- pambuyo kumera - zopangidwa ndi nayitrogeni;
- mapangidwe masamba - superphosphate;
- kumapeto kwa maluwa ndi kulowetsedwa kwa mullein.
Kubweretsanso zipatso
Pofalitsa, ma dicentres nthawi zina amagwiritsa ntchito mbewu, koma njirayi ndi yovuta komanso yosadalirika. Kumera ndizochepa, ndipo nthawi zambiri kulibe. Mwa zovuta za njirayi, nthawi yake imakhalanso yosiyanitsidwa - kukula kumachepetsedwa ndipo maluwa amayembekezedwa kale kuposa zaka 3-4. Kubzala m'nthaka kumachitika kumapeto kwa Seputembala, kuti nthawi yachisanu imaphimba ndi filimu, kenako ndi udzu kapena masamba.
Ambiri olima m'maluwa amamera mbewu m'nyumba. Amayikidwa mumakontena apadera ndi dothi, yokutidwa ndi kanema ndikuyendetsedwa kuchipinda chofunda. Mphukira zoyambirira zimayembekezeredwa munthawi ya masiku 30 mpaka 35. Masamba 4 enieni akamatuluka maluwa, amakwiririka pansi. Asanaikidwe, mbewuzo zimawumitsidwa, chifukwa miphika imatengedwa kwa maola angapo tsiku lililonse kuti mpweya wabwino.
Njira zazikulu zolerera ma dicentres amaganizira izi:
- Gawoli la Shrub. Ankachita zaka 3-4 zilizonse, kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira, atangotulutsa maluwa. Gawo lirilonse lolekanitsidwa, impso 3-4 zilipo. Magawo amawazidwa ndi phulusa la nkhuni, ndipo mbewu zatsopano zimayikidwa mu zitsime zomwe zimakonzedwa kale. Mukasiya kugawa mizu, ndiye kuti imayamba kuwonongeka.
- Kudula. Ikutenga mu kasupe. Njira zomwe zapezedwa mpaka 15 cm zazitali zimayikidwa mu chowonjezera chowonjezera, kenako mumbale zokhala ndi dothi lopepuka. Zodulidwa zimakutidwa ndi magalasi apulasitiki ndikupita ku chipinda chilichonse chotentha. Dothi lotsegulidwa libzalidwa pakati pa kasupe wotsatira.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Duwa limakhala kukana kwambiri ndi matenda, koma nthawi zina limakhudzidwa ndi mphete kapena zithunzi za fodya. Mu ma dicentres omwe ali ndi kachilombo, mawanga kapena mikwingwirima imawonekera pamasamba, mphete zazitali zazitali. Nthawi zina, zizindikiro za matenda a mycoplasmal zimawonekera - ma pedunges amapindika, kukula kumachepetsedwa, mtundu wamasamba wachikasu.
Popewa kuwonongeka, dicenter akulangizidwa kuti azitha kuthirira madzi, chifukwa chinyezi chambiri chimafooketsa chitetezo cha mthupi. Nthaka amathandizidwa ndi yankho la Formalin.
Mwa tizilombo, ma aphid okhawo omwe amakhala ndi zoopsa. Kuti zithetse, chitsamba chimapakidwa madzi ndi Antitlin kapena Biotlin. Nthawi zina masamba a masamba amapukutidwa ndi sopo wamadzi.
Mr. Chilimwe wokhala anati: kuwonetsera pazomanga mawonekedwe
Chomera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala patokha kapena pagulu, pokongoletsera maluwa ndi maluwa. Kupezeka kwa mawonekedwe ooneka ngati mtima kumapangitsa kukhala chinthu chachikulu pakongoletsa mabedi amaluwa ndi phiri lalitali.
Ngati dicenter imapanga nyengo yabwino kuti ikule, ndiye kuti idzakondwera ndi maluwa ake komanso mawonekedwe abwino kwa zaka zambiri.
