Oxyl kapena Oxalis ndi chomera chochokera ku banja la Kisles. Dzina limeneli linachokera kukuti pamene kusuta masamba kumapereka kukoma kokoma, chifukwa amadzazidwa ndi oxalic acid ndi mavitamini.
Dzina lina lodziwika bwino kwa alimi ambiri a maluwa - "Butterfly" kapena "Madame Butterfly", amapezeka chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a masamba, ofanana ndi mapiko a butterfly.
M'mayiko a ku Ulaya, oxalis amatchedwa "Clover of happiness" ndipo kumeneko amakhulupirira kuti ikhoza kubweretsa mwayi ku nyumba. Koma izi zidzachitika ngati duwa likusintha mwini wake tsiku lomaliza la chaka.
Mkhalidwe wachibadwa umachitika kuzungulira Mitundu 800 oxalis Zimakula m'madera otentha kumayiko onse, Southern Europe, South America, ndi Africa.
Pachifanizo mungathe kuona mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokonza nsomba:
Kusamalira kwanu
Kusamalira nsalu zapakhomo kunyumba sikuli kovuta nkomwe, choncho ngakhale alimi a novice angakhale akukula.
Videoyi imalongosola mwatsatanetsatane momwe mungasamalirire acidity kunyumba:
Kusamala mutagula
Zomwe zili bwino, ndi bwino kugula oxalis monga matenda kapena machulukidwe, omwe amadzala mu mphika pawokha. Ngati izi sizingatheke, ndiye kusankha mu sitolo kudzayenera kudza ndi chisamaliro chonse. Nthawi zambiri iwo ali olungama anatsanulira, chifukwa chomwe kugula kumwalira patapita nthawi.
Ndikofunika kupeza chomera chomwe masamba amawoneka atsopano, wathanzi, ndipo sanagwedezeke. Dziko lapansi lisakhale lonyowa, ndi fungo losasangalatsa.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji? M'nyumba kapena ku ofesi, oxalis imaikidwa pa gwero la kuwala, ndipo pang'onopang'ono iwo amazoloŵera kuwala. Mu masabata 2-3 imayikidwa mu mphika watsopano, mosamala kuchotsa gawo lapansi lakale kuchokera ku tubers.
Kudulira
Pofuna kukonza korona wokongola komanso maolivi otalika, ndikofunikira kuti mudule masamba onse akale. Komabe, izi ziyenera kuchitika mu kugwa kapena kasupe, malingana ndi momwe zingatheke kukhazikitsa zikhalidwe zoyenera za dziko la mpumulo.
Ngati m'nyengo yozizira maluwa adzakhala m'chipinda cha 12-14 madigiri, ndiye kuti ndibwino kudula mu kugwa, pasanayambe pomwepo. Ngati mpweya ukutentha, ndiye pakadali pano, masamba odulidwa amapangidwa pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira.
THANDIZANI!Ngati mphukira imadulidwa mu kugwa ndikuyika oxalis mu chipinda chofunda, nthawi yomweyo amakula ndikumasula masamba atsopano.
Kuthirira
Mu kasupe ndi chilimwe, pamene pali kukula ndi maluwa, kuthirira kumakhala kochuluka, posanganiza pamwamba pa dziko lapansi. Kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso n'kovulaza. Chifukwa cha tuberous system - kuteteza madzi ochepa pansi kuti sangathe
M'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira, pamene duwa lili mu mpumulo, sizimadziwika kawirikawiri, komabe, kuteteza dziko lapansi kuti likhale lopuma. Mbalame yoyamba ija itangoyamba kuonekera, madzi amayamba kubwerera pang'onopang'ono.
Tikufika
Kubzala oxalis kunyumba kumagwiritsidwa ntchito nthaka yonse kwa maluwa, omwe angagulidwe ku sitolo.
Komabe, zingakhale bwino kuchita zakudya zosakaniza pokhapokha, kuphatikizapo miyeso iwiri ya manyowa osakaniza, 2 miyezo ya dothi la munda, ndi mchenga umodzi wa mchenga ndi mkulu-moor peat. Kapena mutha kutenga miyeso iwiri ya sod, ndi nthaka imodzi ya masamba ndi mchenga.
Pamunda wamakono oxalis akhoza kubzalidwa pafupi ndi mitengo ndi zitsamba, monga gawo la flowerbeds. Yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mitundu yosalala ya chisanu - sayenera kukumba m'nyengo yozizira kuchokera pansi pa nyengo yozizira.
Kubzala kumachitika muzitsulo zozama kwambiri (mpaka masentimita 10), momwe zimayika tubers, owazidwa ndi nthaka ndi kuthirira.
Kuwaza
Kuwaza kumachitika pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira. Young oxalis ayenera kubzalidwa chaka chilichonse, wamkulu - kamodzi mu zaka 2-3. Mphika umasankhidwa m'njira yotero ya masentimita 2-3 kuposa kale.
Ndi bwino kugula osati chidebe chozungulira, koma imodzi yokhala ndi timadzi timadzi timene timene timapangidwira mizu yomwe idzapangidwe idzaikidwa mwa njira yachilengedwe. Pofuna kuti chitsamba chikhale chowopsa kwambiri, mukhoza kuchima mumphika umodzi kamodzi. ambiri tubers.
ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Dothi lakuda ladothi kapena zidutswa za njerwa zimayikidwa pansi.
Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu kunyumba
Mbewu imagulidwa mu sitolo yapadera, kapena imasonkhanitsidwa popanda maluwa.
Pakuti kubzala ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito chisakanizo cha perlite ndi peat yonyowa. Mbeu ndizochepa, ndipo zimangokhala pamwamba pa nthaka, osati kugona kuchokera kumwamba. Ground mokwanira sprayed kuchokera sprayer. Chophimbacho chiyenera kuti chikhale ndi polyethylene kuti apangitse zotsatira za wowonjezera kutentha ndikuikidwa pansi pa dzuwa losawoneka.
Chaka choyamba mutabzala, kukula kwakukulu kumapita ku tuberous system, mabotolo aang'ono okha amapangidwa pamwamba pa nthaka. M'chaka chachiwiri, oxalis imayamba kutulutsa mphukira.
Kuswana
Malingana ndi mtundu wa maluwa, iwo akhoza kufalitsidwa cuttings kapena tubers.
Tubers Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi kuika munthu wamkulu wamkulu, polekanitsa mwapang'onopang'ono mitsempha yaying'ono kuchokera kwa akuluakulu. Pambuyo pake, iwo amafesedwa mu zidutswa 5-10 mu mphika umodzi, akugona pang'ono ndi gawo lapansi.
Musanayambe mizu ya chidebe, m'pofunika kuti mukhale ndi ma digrii 5-10, kuthirira sikuchuluka. Kupita patsogolo kwa chitukuko chonse ndi njirayi kumatenga kuchokera pa 1 mpaka 1.5 miyezi.
Mukhozanso kufalitsa akuwombera. Amadulidwa ku zomera zakulira, kenako amaikidwa mu galasi ndi madzi kapena mchenga wouma.
Njira yokonzekera mizu imatenga milungu 2-2.5. Kenaka amafesedwa makapu ndi nthaka, ndipo atakula amamasulidwa ku miphika yayikulu.
Kutentha
Imafuna nyengo yozizira, koma zidzakhala zachilendo kukula pamtunda. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, kutentha kwakukulu kumakhala pa 20-25 madigiri, m'nyengo yozizira - osachepera madigiri 77.
M'nyengo yozizira, duwa ili ndi nthawi yopumula bwino, choncho ndibwino kuti nthawiyi isamuke m'chipinda chokhala ndi mpweya + 12 digirii. Pakubwera kwa mphukira zatsopano, zimabwezeretsedwa ku malo otentha.
Nthawi iliyonse ya chaka ndi yofunika samalani ndi ma drafts ndi kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha.
Kuunikira
Maluwa amaikidwa m'nyumba kuwala koma kuwala kosiyana. Mawindo a kummawa kapena kumadzulo ndi abwino kwa izi, koma mukhoza kuyika duwa kumwindo lakumwera, ndikuphimba ndi pepala kapena nsalu kuyambira 11am mpaka 5 koloko masana.
Kwa nthawi yayitali chomeracho chikhoza kukhala penumbra, koma kukhala ndi nthawi yayitali kumakhudza mtundu ndi mawonekedwe a masamba. Kugunda pansi pa kuwala kwa dzuwa kumachititsa kutentha.
Pindulani ndi kuvulaza
Kuchokera mu chipinda chogona mungathe kuchita nyengo, omwe amawonjezeredwa ku supu, masamba, mbewu kapena nyama.
Mu mankhwala owerengeka, mbali zonse za fern zamtundu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito - maluwa, mapesi a maluwa ndi masamba. Amasonkhanitsidwa patsiku kapena kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, kenako amauma pamtentha wa 40-50 madigiri.
Zakudya zophikidwa zimaperekedwa kuti azitsatira matenda otupa, matenda a m'mimba ndi chiwindi. Zimatumikira zabwino antiseptic. Madzi angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochizira mphere.
Pa nthawi yomweyi, kudya zambiri kumakhala kovulaza - oxalic acid yambiri imatha kukhudza impso ndi kuyendetsa. Komatu sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a manjenje.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Pamene mukukula mu chipinda, nthawizina amalima amaluwa amadabwa chifukwa chakeKodi masamba a oxalis amawotha? Choyamba, m'pofunikira kuyang'ana mkhalidwe wa nthaka, ngati wouma, madzi.
Ngati masamba a okalis ayamba kutsika ndi kufota mu kugwa, izi zikhoza kukhala kukonzekera maluwa kwa nthawi yopumula. Mphukira zonse zikhoza kudulidwa, ndipo mphika unasamukira kumalo ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 12-14. Pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira, iwo adzakula mmbuyo.
Mwinanso zingakhalepo pakagwa masika oxalis samakula ndipo samawoneka mphukira zatsopano. Zifukwa izi zingakhale zingapo. Ngati kutumizidwa kunapangidwa, ndibwino kutsimikiza kuti chotsalira chosankhidwa sichiri chachikulu.
Chabwino, iyenera kukhala 2-3 masentimita okha. Komanso, nthaka sayenera kukhala yonyowa kwambiri. Ngati kubzala sikudapangidwe, ndiye kuti tubers ikhoza kudzaza chidebe chonsecho, ndipo ndizochepa, kapena nthaka yayamba ndipo iyenera kuimitsidwa.
Ndikofunikira! Oxalis ikulimbana ndi tizirombo, koma ngati kuswa kwa zikhalidwe za chisamaliro pa izo kungawonekere tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, aphid kapena scale.
Akadwalakangaude mawebu oyera amaoneka. Polimbana ndi izi, muyenera kutsuka chomeracho ndi siponji ndi madzi a sopo.
Kugonjetsedwachitetezo Mbalame zamtunduwu zidzaonekera pamasamba, omwe ndi zipolopolo za tizilombo. Pofuna kulimbana nawo, nkofunika kuwayeretsa ndi burashi yofewa ndi sopo yankho, ndiyeno, ngati kuli koyenera, muwachitire mankhwala.
Pamene akuwonekera nsabwe za m'masamba tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayambira pa mphukira, zomwe zimachoka pamphuno yoyera. Kulimbana nawo kumapangidwa kudzera mwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Zima zachisanu
Kusamalira nyengo yozizira kumakhala ndi mbali. M'nyengo yozizira, zomera zimabwera nthawi yopumula. Ngati akukula pakhomo pakhomo, m'pofunikira kudula mphukira zonse, ndikuzisunthira pamalo ozizira ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 12-15.
Wakulira m'mundamo, kugwa kwazitsamba zonse zimakumbidwa, kutsukidwa komanso kuyanika zimasungidwa m'chipinda chozizira. Mukhoza kupatukana nthawi yomweyo ndi tubers-ana kuchokera kwa akuluakulu. M'chaka, dziko lapansi litatenthedwa mokwanira, amafesedwa pabedi.
Oxyl kapena oxalis ndi zomera zosatha zomwe amayi ambiri amadziwa kuti ndi "butterfly". Amafuna kulemera kosavuta komanso kuthirira nthawi zonse. Kubereka kumachitika ndi mbewu kapena tubers. M'nyengo yozizira, pali nthawi yopumula bwino, yomwe mphukira iyenera kudulidwa ndikupita ku malo ozizira.
