Mzinda wa begonia wa mfumu wokongola kwambiri udzasintha nyumba ndi mpweya wake

Osati begonia yekha amatchedwa "mfumu" (dzina lake lotchedwa Rex). Chomeracho sichimangokondweretsa kokha ndi kukongola kwake, komanso kuchiritsa machiritso omwe amachokera ku duwa.

Fyuluta yabwino, chifukwa chake kupezeka kwake kumakhala kofunikira, makamaka ngati munthu ali ndi matenda aakulu.

Nkhaniyi ikuuzeni za mtundu wa a begonia, momwe mungasamalire bwino zomera, komanso matenda ndi tizirombo zomwe zingakhudze zomera.

Malongosoledwe a zomera, mbiriyakale, chiyambi chake?

Osatha shrub ndi kupachika mphukira. Masamba osakanikirana akhoza kufika 120 mm, ali ndi zokongola, koma ochepa kwambiri, pamwamba ponyansa. Kumbali imodzi, chomeracho ndi chofiira, ndipo china chobiriwira chiri ndi mdima wakuda pamphepete mwa masamba. Maluwa ofiira a Korali omwe ali ndi mamita 1.5 masentimita amadziwika okha m'magulu, omwe nthawi zambiri amawasonkhanitsa mumadyerero.

Maluwa pamalowo ndi amodzi. Amamasula m'chilimwe. Chakumapeto kwa 1956 ku London komwe kunali ma orchids, mtundu wina wa maluwa unayambira - Royal Begonia. Pambuyo pake, obereketsa anadzala mitundu yambiri yosiyana. Kuchokera apo, chomeracho chakhazikitsidwa pansi pa mitundu yambiri ya mtundu wosakanizidwa. Anadutsa chomera ndi mitundu ya Asia. Chifukwa chake begonia wa ku Belgium anakhalabe kholo la mitundu yonse.

Maina ena a zomera zamkati "Rex"

Dzina loyambirira ndi Begonia Rex-hybrid kapena Begonia Rex Cultorum. Ena mwa odziwika bwino Rex begonias adadziwika padziko lapansi zaka mazana angapo zapitazo: Begonia rex 'Abel Carriere' inalembedwa mu 1878 ndipo imatha kukula bwino m'nyumba zathu mpaka lero. Kwa nthawi yayitali, mitundu yoposa zana yabwera. Pang'onopang'ono, zokolola za kholo (zamoyo zakutchire) zamoyo begonia begonia zomwe sizipezekapo konse zinayamba kuikidwa m'gulu la Rex, lomwe limasiyanitsa gululi.

Mawonekedwe ndi zithunzi zawo

Kukongoletsera

Kukongoletsera begonia kulibe mapesi apamwamba, ndipo pubescent masamba amamera pang'onopang'ono kuchokera muzu wa nthambi. Mtundu uwu umatha kukondweretsa ndi kukongola kwake kodabwitsa. Masamba a begonias ali ndi mawonekedwe ndi mitundu yosiyana (werengani zambiri za nkhuni yokongola begonias pano). Masambawo amajambulidwa mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana:

• chobiriwira;
• chofiira;
• chikasu;
• silvery;
• bulauni.

Zophatikiza zosiyanasiyana

Nkhono yachifumu begonia ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa. Zili ndi masamba 300 mm kutalika ndi mano ang'onoang'ono pamphepete. Mtundu wa leaf ndi wofiirira, wofiirira, wofiirira. Zithunzizo ndi zofiira, zofiira, malire.

Mdima wakuda

Chomeracho chili ndi masamba a azitona omwe amawonekera pamtambo, ndipo m'mphepete mwake muli ndi mano ang'onoang'ono. Pamwamba pa masamba a begonia begonia muli ndi mungu wolimba kwambiri, womwe umakhala ngati chitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo.

Kodi ndikuti ndiziti?

Kukula mfumu begonia kuyenera kukhala panyumba, kumafuna chisamaliro chapadera. Chinthu choyamba kulingalira ndi chinyezi chachilendo cha chipinda. Ndibwino kuti tiikepo miphika ndi chomera pa pallets ndi dongo lopangidwa ndi miyala. Pafupi ndi mbale akulangizidwa kuti apange mbale ndi madzi, koma kukhazikitsa kasupe kakang'ono.

Sitilimbikitsidwa kupopera mbewu - m'malo omwe madontho akugwa, mawanga oyera amapangidwa, zomwe zimayambitsa kuvunda. Choncho, fumbi lidzapukutira ndi nsalu yonyowa pokhala, ndi bwino kukhala wouma.

Kuunikira ndi malo

Kusiya kawirikawiri kumaphatikizapo kuthirira - kawirikawiri komanso wochuluka. Sikoyenera kubwezeretsanso nthaka, monga zimayambira komanso mizu ingavunda. Pa nthawi ya chisamaliro muyenera kusamala kuunikira mu chipinda - chomeracho chimafuna kuwala kowala komanso pang'ono, koma simuyenera kuziyika kumene dzuwa limalowa.

Ndi bwino kuika begonia pawindo kuchokera kumadzulo. Kuti chomera chikhale bwino, ndiye kuti pali chisamaliro chovuta kuti muyang'ane chizindikiro cha kutentha - chiyenera kukhala 18-25C. Musati muike chomera pafupi ndi heaters.

Zosowa za nthaka

Mitengo yabwino kwambiri yosakanikirana ngati nthaka ya begonia begonia ndi tsamba nthaka, humus, peat, mchenga. Ayenera kulumikizidwa mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 0,5: 0,5: 0,5. Mitsuko iyenera kukonzedwa pansi pa mbale. Pambuyo pake, mukhoza kuwonjezera chisakanizo cha peat, kompositi, yomwe ingathandize m'malo mwa zovuta za fetereza phosphate feteleza.

Chisamaliro choyenera

Royal begonia imaonedwa ngati chomera chokha. Kusamalira iye panyumba kumafuna chidziwitso choyenera ndi chidziwitso.

Koma posamalira begonia, mavuto amayamba nthawi zambiri:

1. Chomeracho chikukana kuphuka. Vuto lofanana ndilo limakhalapo pamene kusokoneza ndi kudyetsa kwina, pamene kulibe kuwala ndi chinyezi, kutentha kutentha kumakhala kovuta kwa begonias, komanso muzithunzi.
2. Masamba achikasu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chomeracho chilibe chakudya chokwanira komanso chinyezi. Sinthani nthawi ya ulimi wothirira, nthawi zonse mumere, mukhoza kuyesa chomera mu nthaka ina. Kawirikawiri chikasu cha masamba ndi chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa tizirombo. Ndipo apa kuikidwa kwa begonias kungathandize, koma njira yothandizira mizu iyenera kuonjezeredwa ndi njira yochepa ya potassium permanganate.
3. Masamba ndi cuttings amayamba kuvunda. Kuphatikiza pa zifukwa izi, pamene ntchito yofunika imakhala ndi chinyezi kapena kuchepa kwa feteleza, apa ndikofunikira kuthetsa bowa zomwe zimapangika kumalo ozizira. Ziyenera kukhala kuyang'anitsitsa nthawi zonse, pamene zowola zikupezeka, muyenera kuchotsa izo.

Tikupereka kuyang'ana kanema yokhudza chisamaliro choyenera cha royal begonia begonia

Matenda wamba ndi tizirombo

Royal Begonia nthawi zonse imadwala matenda awa:

• Mame a Mealy. Awonetsedwa ngati mawonekedwe oyera. Ndikofunika kukonza ndi njira ya Topaz mtundu ya fungicide.
• Grey kuvunda. Anapangidwa pa masamba a chomera, nthawizina pa zimayambira. Kupopera mbewu Bordeaux kusakaniza kumathandiza, kugwiritsa ntchito maziko 0.2% ndi kotheka.
• Macheza. Awonetsedwa ngati mawonekedwe achikasu. Pogwiritsa ntchito tubers ya zomera, n'chifukwa chiyani begonia yopatsirana imachotsedwa kumalo ena, kuti asatengere thanzi labwino. Zonyamulira zikhoza kukhala nsabwe za m'masamba ndi zoumba, zomwe ziyenera kufooketsa tizirombo zonse.
• Mabala a bakiteriya. Amapanga pamunsi mwa masamba ngati mawonekedwe a madzi, omwe amachititsa bulauni ndiyeno inflorescences, cuttings. Mbewu yodwalayo iyenera kuwonongeka, begonias yathanzi ayenera kuchitidwa ndi mkuwa oxychloride.
• Chishango chonyenga. Zimakhudza mtundu wonse wobiriwira wa zomera. Amapangidwa ngati mawonekedwe a mdima wakuda, dzuwa limatuluka. Malo okhudzidwa a chomera amatha kutaya mawonekedwe ake oyambirira, masamba amadabwa. Iyenera kuyendetsedwa ndi adyo tincture.
• Hothouse whitefly. Nthawi zambiri amaika mazira kumtunda kwa masamba, ndipo amachititsa malo otukuka. Mungathe kuchotsa tizilombo pogwiritsa ntchito yankho la sopo.
• Gallic nematode. Amaperekedwa ngati mawonekedwe a nyongolotsi yomwe imakhudza gawo la mbewu. Pamphepete mwa begonias, kukula kumapangidwa, kumene mphutsi zimakula. Mizu imayamba kuvunda, chomeracho chimasiya kukula pakatha kufa. Iyenera kuthiriridwa ndi yankho la heterophos.
• Akangaude ndi aphid. Zitha kuchitika paliponse. Njira ziyenera kuchotsedwa. Ndi kusamalira nthawi zonse aphid sikunapangidwe. Mukhoza kuchotsa mapangidwe a tizirombo ndi sopo ofooka. Ngati chisankhochi sichikuthandizani, ndiye kuti muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kulowetsedwa anyezi.

Zinthu zoberekera

N'zotheka kuchulukitsa a begonia begonia kunyumba ndi mbewu zonse ndi cuttings. Ngakhale kuchokera ku mapesi wamba zomera zimakhala bwino.

• Pa nthawi ya kusamba kwa begonias kumapeto kwa nyengo, kubereka kwawo kumachitika chifukwa cha mizu.
  1. Cuttings ayenera kubzalidwa mu nthaka yochepa ndi kutentha kwa 24 ° C.
  2. Rooting cuttings pomwepo chivundikiro kuswana ndi zojambulazo kwa kubalana.
  3. Amaloledwa kuchita rooting mu mbale ndi madzi.
• Kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, zimafalitsidwa ndi mbali ya pepala.
  1. Imaikidwa pa galasi.
  2. Amagawidwa m'magulu angapo kuti mitsempha ipite kudutsa kumtunda. Zonsezi zimapanikizidwa mchenga.
  3. Kuti mumvetse bwino, muyenera kuyamba kuchokera pansi pa pepala pamsana waukulu wa masamba.
  4. Kuti mugwirizane bwino ndi nthaka, gawo limagwidwa ndi mankhwala a mano m'madera angapo.
  5. Zakudya zimaphimbidwa ndi zojambulazo, ndipo zimayikidwa pamthunzi.
  6. Pa nthawi yomweyi, chipinda chiyenera kukhala mpweya wokhazikika komanso wothira.

Pakutha mwezi umodzi, mphukira yoyamba ndi mizu idzawonekera. Zomera zoyamba zidzakhala zobiriwira, begonia wa mfumu adzalandira mithunzi yowoneka bwino pambuyo pokhapokha atakula.

• Njira yofalitsira mothandizidwa ndi mbewu si nthawizonse yothandiza, popeza kuti kumera kumakhala kochepa. Ndipo kokha malinga ndi kulengedwa kwa zikhalidwe ndi chisamaliro choyenera, chomera chidzakhala moyo zaka 2-3. Ndizitha kuthandizidwa kumtengowo ndikupitiriza kukhalapo mu zomera zatsopano.

Tikupereka kuti tiwone vidiyo yokhudza kubala kwa mfumu ya begonias:

Awa ndiwo mfundo zazikulu zomwe woyang'anira minda yachangu ayenera kudziwa. Ndipo Kusamalira bwino kumathandiza kuti chomeracho chikhale chooneka bwino. Royal begonia idzakhala yokongoletsa kwenikweni m'nyumba iliyonse ndipo idzapereka chisangalalo chabwino. Royal begonia ndi chomera chodabwitsa chomwe chingakhoze kukula popanda mavuto apadera, chifukwa chake amayesedwa kuti azibzala m'madera ena a m'nyengo ya chilimwe.