Freesia amakondedwa ndi anthu ambiri chifukwa cha ulemerero wapamwamba. Mafuta ake obiriwira, osakayikira kukumbukira kakombo wa chigwacho, ndipo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masamba imapangitsa okongola maluwa ndi wamaluwa kukhala okongola.
Kuonjezera apo, maluwa a freesia amatalika maluwa atsopano.
Freesia: kufotokoza chomera
Freesia - msuweni wapafupi wa iris, ndi wa banja la Iris (Kusatikovyh). Maluwa akudziko - Africa.
Zimayambira za freesia ndi zokoma, nthambi, zopanda malire, zodzaza ndi mamba ofiira. Mapepala a Leaf, malingana ndi mitundu, ali ndi lanceolate wambiri ndi yopapatiza ngati lupanga.
Komanso mawonekedwewo amakhala osiyana maluwa osiyanasiyana. Iwo akhoza kukhala mu mawonekedwe a belu, chingwe ndi mbale yakuya. Kawirikawiri masambawa amakhala pambali imodzi pazitsulo zamkati.
Maluwa angakhale obiriwira, ochepa-awiri ndi osavuta. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagulu ndi yodabwitsa pamene freesias ili pachimake: wofiira ndi wachikasu (mitunduyi imakula mofulumira), wofiira ndi buluu, woyera ndi lalanje, pinki ndi zonona zokoma.
Mtundu wa maluwa a maluwawo ndi wosiyana ndi mitundu ya maluwa. Freesia limamasula nthawi zambiri m'nyengo yozizira. Freesia - fruiting maluwa. Chipatso chake ndi dengu la mbewu.
Chomera ichi ndi bulbous, chomwe chimapangitsa kusankha njira yoberekera. Freesia panyumba nthawi zambiri amakhala mtundu wosakanizidwa, amakula mpaka mamita okwera.
Masamba a chomerawa ndi oposa 20 cm m'litali, nthawi zambiri oblong, unilateral inflorescences, amafika mpaka masentimita asanu m'litali.
Mukudziwa? Freesia imayesedwa osati kokha ngati chomera chokongoletsera: fungo lake losasangalatsa, lopaka pake limagwiritsidwa ntchito pa perfumery, popanga zodzoladzola (shampoo, sopo, lotions).
Zomwe zingatheke pakukula kwa freesia
Freesia pamene ikukula mumphika kumafuna chidwi.
Kuti mukwaniritse maluwa ake, muyenera kulenga zonsezi ndi kusamalira.
Kuunikira
Pofuna kupereka maluwa ndi kuunika koyenera - maola 12 pa tsiku, muyenera kugula fitolamp ngati kuwala kwina. Malo abwino kwambiri a freesia adzakhala awindo lakumwera-sill. Dzuŵa likagwira ntchito, zomera zimachotsedwa bwino kwambiri.
Kutentha kwa mpweya ndi chinyezi
Pambuyo mutabzala, kutentha kwa +20 ° C kudzakhala bwino kwambiri pa zomera. Pambuyo masiku asanu ndi awiri kapena khumi, iyenera kutsetsereka kufika 10 ° C (ngati kukamatera kuli m'nyengo yozizira, 20 ° C ikhalebe kumapeto).
Chinthu chachikulu mu kutentha kwake ndikuteteza kusinthasintha kwa kutentha pansi pa 2 ° C ndi pamwamba pa 20 ° C, mwinamwake masamba a zomera adzakhala olumala ndi opunduka.
Zosowa za nthaka
Kwa kubzala freesia, mukhoza kugula gawo lapadera la zomera zowonjezera. Kapena musanalowetse mfulu mumphika, konzekerani nthaka nokha.
Pazimenezi mufunikira: peat, mchenga, pansi (2: 0.5: 1), phokoso la fupa ndi phulusa (izi zimapatsa calcium yowonjezera).
Momwe mungayikitsire freesia mu mphika
Musanabzala mchere, konzekerani mphika kwa chomera, onetsetsani kuti mutha kuyamwa pansi (dothi lokulitsa, miyala yaing'ono ya mtsinje, pulasitiki ya poizoni).
Kufika kwake ndi liti?
Ngati mukufuna kusangalala ndi maluwa a freesia m'nyengo yozizira, imbani mababu mu September. Pankhaniyi, masambawo amamasula mu January-February.
Kulowera
Zomwe zimabzala za freesia, zikabzalidwa mu mphika, zimayambira mu azotobacterin yankho: 0,5 g pa 10 l madzi. Sankhani mphika wokwana pafupifupi masentimita 20.
Ikani madzi ndi makala pamunsi, ndiyeno okonzeka, wothira gawo. Bzalani mababu pang'ono mpaka 2-3 masentimita. Mutabzala, sankhani chomera mu chipinda chowala koma chozizira.
Ndikofunikira! Mutangoyamba kubzala, kuthirira zomera sizimapangitsa mphukira kuonekera. Masamba oyambirira atangoyamba, zomera zimasuntha kutentha ndi kuthirira kumayamba.
Momwe mungasamalire a freesia kunyumba
Mu freesia brittle imayambira, kotero chomeracho chimapereka chithandizo kuti zitsamba zisaswe pansi pa kulemera kwa masamba pamene iwo akuphuka. Nthawi yamaluwa yamaluwa imakhala pafupifupi mwezi umodzi.
Zosangalatsa Ku Ulaya, alimi achifumu ankagwira ntchito ku freesia, maluwawo anali okwera mtengo, ndipo anthu okhawo omwe anali olemekezeka amatha kugula kukongola kwakumwera.
Zapadera za kuthirira nthawi ndi nthawi
Kuthirira maluwa pogwiritsa ntchito madzi ofunda osungunula. Kuthira mowa kwambiri kungachititse kuti mababu awonongeke, choncho madzi monga nthaka dries (kawiri pa sabata).
M'nyengo yozizira, motsogoleredwa ndi kutenthetsa, mpweya uli m'chipinda chouma - spray mbewu ku sprayer, makamaka madzulo.
Lero, akasupe amodzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokongoletsera; ngati muli nacho chimodzi, zingakhale bwino kuyika freesia palimodzi. Pakati pa maluwa, kuthirira kumafunika nthawi zambiri, ndiye pang'onopang'ono kuchepetsa. Pamene freesia imamasula, kuthirira kumasiya.
Kodi manyowa a freesia
Freesia amamanga mankhwala obirira kawiri pa mwezi. Gwiritsani ntchito fetereza kwa zomera. Pambuyo pa kutha kwa maluwa, chomeracho chimafunikira kudyetsa kwina: kamodzi pamasabata awiri ndi yankho la superphosphate.
Zomwe zimasamalidwa pambuyo pa maluwa
Freesia yokhala ndi zobiriwira amafunikira chisamaliro chisanafike ndi pambuyo pa maluwa. Mavuto a inflorescences atangofota, amachotsedwa mosamala, masamba amadulidwa ndipo tsinde limadulidwa kumunsi.
Anyezi okhawo amakhalabe mu mphika, womwe umathiriridwa kwa miyezi limodzi ndi theka. Ndiye mosamala kukumba kuchokera ku dothi, kutsukidwa pansi.
Asanayambe kusungidwa, iwo amathiridwa mufooka njira ya manganese ndi zouma kwa masiku angapo.
Kuika kwazomera
Pomwe mwasankha momwe mungamangire freesia kunyumba, ganizirani momwe zimakhalira. Home hybrid freesia amaikidwa chaka chilichonse m'chaka.
Kuti njirayi ipambane bwino, zomera zimasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali kutentha osati kuposa madigiri 15. Microclimate, yosamalidwa bwino kuti mababuwo afalikire kumalo atsopano, idzabweretsa zotsatira mu masabata awiri kapena atatu - mphukira yoyamba.
Freesia kubereka
Freesia sizimayambitsa mavuto ambiri pakubereka. Mukhoza kuchulukitsa chomera ndi mbewu, ndi corms. Njira yambewu imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popangira mitundu yatsopano.
Mbewu. Kuti mutenge mbewu kuchokera ku chomera chanu, a freesia adzayenera kukhala opangidwa ndi mungu. Koma mosasamala kanthu kuti mwasonkhanitsa njere kapena kuigula, ayenera kuti asatetezedwe mwachangu musanafese mu njira yothetsera manganese, yokhala ndi tsiku.
Pofesa, konzekerani mabokosi a mbande, nthaka (chisakanizo cha sod ndi tsamba lapansi). Kufesa kumachitika mopanda kanthu, mu gawo lapansi lonyowa.
Pakangotha masabata atatu, mphukira yoyamba idzawonekera. Kunyumba, mphukira zazing'ono zophimbidwa ndi galasi, kupanga wowonjezera kutentha; ngati n'kotheka, chomera mu wowonjezera kutentha.
Chisamaliro sichinthu chovuta: kuthirira nthawi zonse, kupalira kupalira, kuyatsa ndi kuvala mlungu ndi mlungu ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous.
Klubnedetkami. Freesia akamabzala ngati mwana wa mababu amafunikanso kukonzekera kubzala zinthu - izi zimathandiza kuti asamalire kunyumba, ndi kupewa matenda opatsirana.
Sakanizani mababu a theka la ora muzowonjezera potassium permanganate. Kutha. Konzani mphika (mpaka masentimita 15 m'mimba mwake) ndi nthaka yochepa (chisakanizo cha peat, mchenga ndi munda wofanana mofanana).
Limbikitsani masentimita 6 mutabzala. Fukani ndi nthaka yothira, yambani kuthirira mutatha.
Momwe mungasunge mababu a freesia
Pakuti yosungirako mababu ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito ukonde kapena mabokosi a matabwa. Kutentha kwa madzi kufika 80%, kutentha kwapakati pa 22 mpaka 26 ° C.
Kamodzi pa mwezi, fufuzani zinthu za matenda kapena zowola. Zomwe zinachitikira maluwa amalima amalimbikitsa kusunga mababu mu bokosi ndi youma peat. Mwezi umodzi musanadzalemo, mababuwo amaikidwa m'malo ozizira kuzungulira 15 ° C.
Chenjerani! Simungathe kusunga mababu a hybrid freesia, adzafa.
Osati kokha zipinda zokongoletsera ndi freesia: amafesa duwa m'munda, kuziyika pa khonde (mkati ndi kunja). Maluwa a Freesia samatha kwa nthawi yaitali ndikukongoletsa phwando lililonse. Freesia mu mphika ukhoza kukhala mphatso yapachiyambi.
