Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapulo ingapezeke pafupifupi mumzinda uliwonse. Chifukwa cha kutchuka kwa mitengo yochititsa chidwiyi ndikumana kwawo ndi zinthu zoipa komanso zachilengedwe. Kuwonjezera pa nkhaniyi mudzaphunzira za mmodzi wa oimira banja lino - Mapiri a Tatar (kapena Chernoklen). Tidzadziŵa bwino za chomera ichi, chithunzi cha momwe mtengo womwewo umawonekera, masamba ake, momwe umamasula komanso zipatso za mapulo ndi, ndikudziwanso bwino kubzala ndi kusamalira bwino.
Kufotokozera ndi chithunzi
Kumtchire, mapiri a ku Tatar amapezeka m'mapiri a nkhalango, kunja kwa nkhalango ndi m'mphepete mwake, m'mphepete mwa mtsinje. Zingapezeke m'madera a Russia, kum'mwera kwa Western Europe, m'mayiko a Balkan ndi Caucasus, ku Asia Minor (Iran, Turkey).
Mapulo omwe ali pa chithunzichi ndi mtengo wawung'ono kapena shrub yaikulu yomwe imakhala ndi masamba ofiira kapena ofiira komanso masamba ambiri.
Kutalika kumafika pamtunda wa 10m, ndi mdima wonyezimira, nthawizina wakuda, makungwa, korona wake uli wokhoma kwambiri, umene ukhoza kupatsidwa mosavuta mawonekedwe.
Masambawa amawombeka, amawoneka ngati a trident kapena dzira, ali ndi "mano" m'mphepete mwawo, pamwamba pamtunda ndi wobiriwira, mtundu wotsika ndi wobiriwira, ndipo pamakhala mitsempha pang'ono pamphepete mwa mitsempha. 
M'nyengo ya m'dzinja, masamba amasintha kwambiri ndikukhala ndi mawonekedwe okongola, chifukwa amasintha mtundu wawo kukhala wofiira kapena wofiira.
Komanso, mtundu weniweni wa zomera uli ndi maluwa. Panthawiyi, masamba amakula mwamphamvu, ndipo ma white inflorescences amawonekera kumbuyo kwawo. Malingaliro okongola kwambiri, mtengo ukupitiriza kwa masabata atatu.
Mwinamwake mudzakhala ndi chidwi chowerenga momwe mungamere maple ofiira ndi Norway ku dera lawo.
Mtengo wapadera wa maple wokongoletsera umapanga zipatso zake, zomwe zimatchedwa lionfish kapena helikopta. Poyamba, zipatsozi ndi zofiira, ndipo potsirizira pake zimatulutsa bulauni. Chimene chipatso cha mapulo chimawoneka chikuwoneka bwino mu chithunzi.
Chernoklain imalekerera chilala ndi chisanu bwino, dothi lokhala ndi mchere wambiri, kuchulukitsidwa kwa kuchuluka kwa galimoto, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri imabzalidwa m'mizinda ikuluikulu yokonza malo.
Amabzala okha kapena m'magulu, kupanga mazenera. Pafupi ndi iye amalangiza kubzala mitengo ya pini, birches, mioli, lindens. 
Mukudziwa? Mapale a Chitata anafalikira mu 1759.
Mavuto akukula
Mapale a Chitata, mosiyana ndi mtundu wake wonse, amatsutsana ndi zikhalidwe za kukula. Sizomwe zimakhala pansi, kuunikira komanso kupezeka kwa chinyezi, kotero ndi zophweka kusintha ngakhale kumatauni.
M'nyengo yozizira, sichisowa kusamala kwambiri, monga kulimbana ndi chisanu cholimba.
Malo ndi kuunikira
Kusankha malo ogwetsera Chernoklena, muzisankha kutsegula malo ndi kuwala kokwanira. Ngati kupeza chiopsezo chotere ndi chovuta, ndiye kuti mtengo ukhoza kuikidwa m'dera lopanda mthunzi - sizidzakhala zowawa kwambiri.
Komabe, chifukwa chokongoletsera komanso zolimba, zimasankha mbali ya dzuwa, popeza kuti alibe kuwala, mtundu wa masambawo udzawonongeka kwambiri. 
Kusakaniza kwa nthaka
Pofuna kukula m'nthaka yabwino, nthaka yosavomerezeka siidapitilira 7.5 pH. Maonekedwe a nthaka ayenera kukhala ndi mchenga, timu ndi humus mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 2: 3. Mukamabzala mu dzenje, mukhoza kupanga zowonjezera mchere, monga nitroammofosku, mkati mwa 150 g
Kubzala mbande
Monga lamulo, kubzala wakuda kumachitika m'dzinja, pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa masamba onse, kapena kumapeto kwa masamba. Pamene mbande zimabzalidwa m'magulu, pakati pawo zimachoka pamtunda wa mamita awiri kapena asanu.
Dera la dzenje liyenera kukhala pafupifupi masentimita 80, ndipo kuya kwake - pafupifupi theka la mita. Mizu ya mapulo imakula mochulukira kuposa mozama, choncho ndiloledwa kulowa mkati mwa khosi ndi masentimita angapo.
Ngati malo omwe mukukonzekera kubzala mtengo ndi madzi, madziwa amadziwika bwino, pamadzi a mchenga, miyala yamtengo wapatali, zojambulapo kapena miyala yochotsa pakati pa masentimita 10 mpaka 20 masentimita amatsanulira mu dzenje.
Osaposera panthawi yobzala adzawonjezera ku bedi lovunda utuchi, manyowa kapena ovuta feteleza. 
Kusamalira mtengo
Mapulo a Chitata amafunika kusamalidwa mosamala nthawi yoyamba mutabzala komanso nthawi ya chilala. Malangizowo amatha kusonkhanitsa, kuthirira, komanso, ngati n'koyenera, feteleza.
Kuthirira ndi kusamalira nthaka
Kuthira madzi nthawi zonse kumafunika mutabzala pansi, mlingowo ndi pafupifupi 20 malita pa mtengo, kuchuluka kwa ulimi wothirira kumadalira mwachindunji pa kuyanika kwa nthaka, koma m'nyengo youma, njirayi iyenera kubwerezedwa sabata iliyonse.
Tchire wamkulu kapena mitengo ikhoza kuthiriridwa mosalekeza, popeza Chernoklen, monga abale ake ena, amatha kukula popanda ulimi wothirira, komabe kuti ukhale wabwino, ayenera kuthirira kamodzi pamwezi.
Komanso mutabzala, nthawi zambiri muyenera kumasula pansi potsata mapulaneti osakanikirana ndi kutentha namsongole. Mutabzala, tikulimbikitsanso kuti tizilumikizana ndi mankhwala osakaniza ndi nthaka kuchokera kumapiri.
Ndikofunikira! Kutsegula kumafunika pamene kuthirira kulikonse kuti dziko lisasinthidwe.
Kupaka pamwamba
Monga lamulo, mapulo a tartar amadyetsedwa pokhapokha palibe feteleza omwe anagwiritsidwa ntchito mutabzala. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kuthirira manyowa kumapeto kwa masika mutabzala mitengo. Manyowawa ndi oyenera awa:
- Urea - pafupifupi 40 g pa 1 m²;
- potaziyamu mchere - kuchokera 15 g mpaka 25 g pa 1 mamita;
- superphosphates - kuchokera 30 g mpaka 50 g pa 1 m².
Kemira akuchita majira a chilimwe pamwamba pa kuvala atatha kumasula pa mlingo wa 100 g kufika 120 g pa 1 m².
Kudulira
Chernoklen amafunika kudulira mwaukhondo chaka chilichonse. Kumapeto kwa November, kaya masika, musanayambe kuphuka ndipo kuyamwa kumayamba kusuntha pamtengo, nthambi zonse zowonongeka, zouma ndi matenda ziyenera kuchotsedwa. Koma kudula bwino kumachitika bwino pakatikati kapena kumapeto kwa June.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Matenda a mapulo omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi amchere. Mu matendawa, timadontho tating'onoting'onoting'ono timapangidwira pamtunda, ndipo nthambi zonse zimatha kufa chifukwa cha izo.
Nthambi zowopsya ziyenera kuchotsedwa mwamsanga, ndipo kudula kumafunika kuchiritsidwa ndi makala amoto kapena mphika wamaluwa.
Ndikofunikira! Chida chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudulira chiyenera kukhala chosatetezedwa.
Kuwonjezera pa kudulira, masamba aakulu amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi 5% zamkuwa sulphate.Matenda monga powdery mildew amapezanso. Pofuna kuchotsa, mtengowo ukhoza kuthiridwa ndi fungicides, Topaz, Vitaros, Readzol amaonedwa kuti ndi opambana kwambiri.
Kukonzekera kosakanikirana sikungasungidwe, kotero chithandizocho chiyenera kuchitidwa mwamsanga. Koma chomeracho chingachiritsidwe popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Amathandiza bwino njira ndi sopo ndi soda.
Pofuna kukonzekera, muyenera kusungunula 5 g wa soda wamba komanso pang'ono sopo, yomwe imakhala ndi glue, m'madzi imodzi.
Mapulo ayenera kupopedwa kuti njirayo ikhale kumbali zonse ziwiri za masamba, zomwe zimachitika mobwerezabwereza zingakhale zochitika pasanathe masiku atatu.
Nkhuku zomwe zimafala kwambiri ndi zomera ndi whitefly, mealybug ndi tsamba la weevil. Pofuna kuchotsa whitefly, chernoklen ayenera kupopedwa ndi Aktellik 0.1%, chlorophos 0.15% kapena Ammophos. 
Onetsetsani kutentha masamba onse ogwa. Kuchokera ku mealybugs kuthandiza kuthandizira ndi Nitrafen 3% ndi Karbofos 0.1%
Ngati mwapeza chophimba, muyenera kupopera mbewuyi ndi Chlorofos 0.3% ndikupanga nthaka kuzungulira 7% Chlorophos.
Mukudziwa? Shuga imapangidwa kuchokera ku madzi a mapulo. M'mayiko ena, shuga woterewa amadziwika kwambiri kuposa mchere wokhazikika.
Zima zamasamba
Kuchokera pamwambapa, tikuwona mapulo sakufuna malo apadera odzala ndi kudzidalira kwambiri. Komabe, posachedwa kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yozizira, mitengo yambiri ya mapulo m'zaka zingapo zoyambirira ziyenera kutetezedwa pogwiritsa ntchito masamba ogwa kapena masamba a spruce (nthambi za mitengo ya spruce).
Mungagwiritsenso ntchito burlap, kukulunga mu zigawo ziwiri za thunthu. Chinthu chachikulu ndicho kuteteza mzu wa mizu ku chisanu. Ngati mphukira zazing'ono zikuwonongeka ndikufa, ndibwino kuziwongolera.
M'chaka, mtengo udzakula, ndipo korona idzakonzedwanso chifukwa cha mphukira zatsopano, zomwe zidzakhala ndi nthawi yowuma nyengo isanafike. Patapita nthawi, mapulo amatha kukhala otetezeka ku kutentha, ndipo kufunika kobisala kumasoweka. 
Zothandiza
Chernoklen ndi chomera chokhala ndi mavitamini, minerals ndi mavitamini ambiri mumasamba, makungwa ndi madzi. Kotero, iye anapeza kwambiri ntchito zamankhwala ndi cosmetology.
Mazira a mapulo amamwedwa kuchokera ku mtengo wamtengo, womwe uli ndi mavitamini ochuluka kuchokera ku gulu B, C, antioxidants, salt mineral ndi fructose.
Phunzirani zambiri za mapindu ndi mapulogalamu otsutsana ndi mapulo.
Chakumwa ichi chimapangitsa njira zamagetsi kuthupi, kumathandiza ndi kunenepa kwambiri, kubwezeretsa pancreatic function, kulimbikitsa mtima wamagetsi, ali ndi machiritso a machiritso. Amaperekedwa ngakhale kwa odwala khansa.
Mapale a Chitata amaonedwa ngati chomera chabwino cha uchi. Uchi umachokera kwa wodwalayo: umathandiza ndi matenda aakulu, kubwezeretsa chitetezo, komanso kumapangitsa kuti ziwalo zizigwira bwino ntchito. 
Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga zodzoladzola, zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ku mazenera, masks ndi lotions. Kugwiritsa ntchito zodzoladzola nthawi zonse, mukhoza kubwezeretsa ndi kubwezeretsa khungu.
Kololani komanso makungwa a zomera. Kumapeto kwa nyengo, imadulidwa mosamala kwambiri, n'kumauma dzuwa ndi kuphwanya. Mankhwala amakhalanso ndi masamba ndi zipatso, zomwe mankhwala ochotsera mankhwala ndi tinctures amapezeka.
Amapanga kutupa, kumenyana ndi scurvy ndi jaundice. Mazira atsopano ndi makungwa a ufa akhoza kuchiza osati zilonda zokha, koma trophic ulcers.
Kusonkhanitsa masamba, makungwa ndi zipatso zouma zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zovuta za matenda a chifuwa cha TB, bronchitis, hepatitis, mavuto a urolithic system.
Pambuyo poyang'ana kufotokozera ndi chithunzi cha momwe mdima wakuda umawonekera ngati maluŵa a mapulo, tinakayikira kuti si zokongola zokha, koma ndi zomera zosadzichepetsa zomwe zimalimbikitsa kutentha ndi kuzizira, zimatha kubzalidwa zokha kapena kupanga mpanda. 
Koma kupatula izi, Chernoklen ili ndi zinthu zambiri zothandiza ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa mankhwala am'malamulo.
