Momwe mungakulire astilba mu Mitsinje

Astilba ndi chomera chosatha cha rhizomatous chomwe chimayambira molunjika ndikukula mpaka mamita awiri.

Chomeracho chimamera ndi masamba okwanira ndi aakulu, omwe astilba ndi okondedwa kwambiri ndi alimi a maluwa.

Zamkatimu:

• Momwe mungasankhire mbande pamene mukugula
• Kusankha malo
• Ntchito yokonzekera musanafike
• Kubzala mbande
• Kusankha oyandikana nawo
• Momwe mungasamalire
• Kuthirira
• Kudzetsa udzu
• Kupaka pamwamba
• Kulimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo
• Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira
• Njira zobereketsera zamasamba
• Kugawa chitsamba
• Impso

Mitundu yoyenera

Nkhumba imakhala ndi mitundu yambiri yodabwitsa, yolima yomwe imapezeka m'madera osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi.

Mukudziwa? Astilbe imatchedwa dzina lake chifukwa cha botani wa Scotland Scott Hamilton, yemwe, pofotokozera chomera chatsopano, adanena kuti inflorescences ndi masamba sakusowa. Chifukwa chake, adadziwika kuti "astilba", kutanthauza "opanda gloss."

Taganizirani mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya astilba, yomwe ingabzalidwe mumtsinje, popeza iwo ndi odzichepetsa pazomwe zikukula:

• Chijapani - chomera chosiyanasiyana chomwe chifikira kutalika kwa masentimita 80, choyimira ndikumayambiriro maluwa. The inflorescences ndi yoyera kapena pinki mu mtundu, masamba akhoza kukhala wowala ndi yokongola.
• Chinese - Zambiri zomwe zimakula mpaka masentimita 100. Zili ndi masamba akulu pamunsi, ndipo zimayandikira inflorescences - zing'onozing'ono. Chomera chimamasula makamaka lilac maluwa, pamene amakhala ndi dense inflorescences.
• Mipando ya Astilbe - Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe idaperekedwa poyendetsa chipwirikiti cha David ndi mitundu ina. Chifukwa cha kuswana, mitundu yambiri ya maluwa imasonyezedwa. Mitunduyi imatha kufika kutalika kwa masentimita 150 ndipo ili ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira.
• Prostolistnaya - Zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimafika kutalika kwa masentimita 55 ndizovuta kwambiri za nyengo ya chinyezi ndi kuthirira kawirikawiri. Maluwa mu mitunduyi ali ndi mtundu woyera, woonda ndi wa inflorescences mpweya.

Momwe mungasankhire mbande pamene mukugula

Kuti mugule khalidwe losatha losatha, muyenera kulankhulana ndi sitolo yapadera.

Pofuna kugula ma rhizomes, m'pofunika kumvetsetsa kuti phukusili silinawonongeke, ndi utuchi ndi peat ngati malo odzaza nthaka, ndipo nthaka ikhale yonyowa.

Kuwonjezera pa astilba, pansies, armeria, maluwa a Chingerezi, cornflowers, gladioli, gypsophila paniculata, siliva shrub, mabelu, clematis, ndi thundu zimakhala zosiyana ndi nthawi yaitali maluwa.

Zomera ziyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira izi:

• khala mtulo;
• Osakhala ndi mphukira yotumbululuka ndi yowonongeka;
• Muzuwo uyenera kukhala wathanzi, wothandizira ndi woyeretsa;
• Komanso phokoso siliyenera kukhala louma kwambiri, lovunda kapena lophwanyika;
• Sitiyenera kukhala ndi zizindikiro za matenda, mildew, zokayikitsa madontho amvula, zowola kapena zowonongeka;
• chomeracho chiyenera kukhala ndi kukula.

Mizu ya asitayi ingagulidwe nthawi yayitali musanabzala, chifukwa iwo amasungidwa bwino mu dormant state. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo amafunika kusungidwa m'firiji.

Ndikofunikira! Ziyenera kunyalidwa m'maganizo: Ngati mbewu yayamba kale kudzuka, ndiye kuti simukuyenera kuitumiza kumalo ozizira, mwinamwake idzafa.

Kusankha malo

Ndikofunika kusankha malo oti mubwerere mosamala kwambiri, choncho mvetserani zotsatirazi:

1. Duwa limakonda kuwala kosavuta.
2. Kuti mudziwe komwe mungabzalitse astilba pawebusaiti, muyenera kuganizira kuti mthunzi umalekerera bwino ndikukula bwino pakati pa mitengo ndi nyumba.
3. Posankha dothi, m'pofunika kukumbukira kuti kuwala ndikutetezera chinyezi bwino.
4. Chomera sichimalekerera madzi ochulukirapo, motero ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti madzi abwino kapena osungidwa pamtunda wapamwamba.
5. Popeza duwa limakonda mpweya wonyezimira, ngati n'kotheka, ndibwino kusankha malo pafupi ndi gombe.

Ntchito yokonzekera musanafike

Musanabzala astilba, chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa m'nthaka. Kuchita izi, kukumba chiwembucho, kuchotsa mizu ya namsongole, ndi kuthira nthaka ndi manyowa ovunda, kompositi kapena peat yakuwonongeka, pogwiritsa ntchito zidebe ziwiri zamtundu uliwonse pa mita imodzi imodzi. chiwembu cha mita.

Kubzala mbande

Funso lofunika kwambiri lomwe limakhudza oyambilira oyambirira: nthawi yofesa astilba pamtunda. Choncho, tikulimbikitsanso kubzala mbewu kumapeto kwa May.

Malangizo obzala zomera:

1. Mukamabzala duwa, m'pofunika kuyendetsa mtunda ndikuulima m'njira yoti pamakhala mtunda wa masentimita 40 pakati pa tchire.
2. Kenaka, mukufunika kukumba dzenje lakuya ndipo m'lifupi munali masentimita 30.
3. Pansi pansi kugona khungu la fupa, pang'ono humus ndi 30 magalamu a feteleza ovuta kwa zomera zokongola.
4. Pambuyo pa feteleza iyi idzaza dziko lapansi, ndipo mukhoza kuyamba kubzala mizu ya astilbe.
5. Ngati dothi likakumba silidakwanire, ndiye kuti liyenera kuthiriridwa musanadzalemo.
6. Kubzala kumapangidwa pa kuya kwa masentimita makumi asanu ndi awiri, pamene nkofunika kuonetsetsa kuti zowonjezera sizikumera pansi pa nthaka yosanjikiza ndi zoposa 5 masentimita.

Kusankha oyandikana nawo

Chinsinsi cha maluwa abwino ndi chikhalidwe cha asitilanti chimayesedwa kubzala limodzi ndi zomera zina.

Astilbe yoyenera:

• fern;
• Iris ya Siberia;
• makamu;
• zoipa;
• geykhera;
• tiarell;
• geranium;
• mabelu.

Ndiponso, pamodzi ndi astilba, primroses zimakula bwino, monga gravilat, doronicum, swimsuit, ndi iberis.

Zogwira ntchito kwambiri astilba asamawone zachilengedwe zosatha, monga: mbewu, zhivuchka, yaskolka, navel, kamnelomka.

Mukudziwa? Astilbe anayamba kusankha mwakhama m'zaka za zana la XIX: panthawi ino mpaka mitundu mazana anayi idapangidwa, ambiri a iwo adakali padziko lonse lapansi.

Momwe mungasamalire

Astilba imaonedwa kuti ndi chomera chodzichepetsa, choncho sichitenga nthawi yochuluka kapena kuyisamalira. Komabe, pali mbali yomwe iyenera kuganiziridwa ngati mwasankha kubzala astilba m'deralo. Chowonadi ndi chakuti iye ali nacho zodziwika kuti kukula kwa rhizomes kumakhala pamwamba pa nthaka ndi kuchepetsa kwa mbali za m'munsi mwa mizu ndi nthawi. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mizu ya astilba nthawi zambiri imasiyidwa popanda chakudya chilichonse, choncho m'pofunika kuti muzitha kugwira bwino nthaka nthawi.

Zipangizo zosiyana ndizoyenera kukulumikiza:

• udzu wodulidwa;
• manyowa;
• kompositi;
• lalikulu;
• zidutswa za makungwa;
• Nsangalabwi kapena udothi wochuluka;
• malo otsika.

Chilimwe chili chonse, muyenera kusinthira mulch, ndipo kumapeto kwa nyengo, mukamadzala msangamsanga, zimakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zikhale bwino m'nyengo yozizira. Komanso, mulch wa mulch umathandiza kuti nthaka ikhale yosungira bwino, koma panthawi imodzimodziyo idzaonetsetsa kuti mpweya ukuyenda bwino, kuthandizira kupezeka kwa matenda a maluwa ndi chitukuko cha namsongole pafupi ndi mthunzi.

Kuthirira

Popeza duwa limakonda chinyezi, liyenera kuthiriridwa nthawi zambiri komanso mochuluka. Makamaka ayenera kulabadira kuthirira m'chilimwe, pa chilala. Kuthirira kumayenera kuchitika m'mawa ndi madzulo.

Ndikofunikira! Musalole kuti dothi liume, chifukwa lingasokoneze kukongoletsa ndi chikhalidwe cha mbewu.

Kudzetsa udzu

Udzu wamsongo ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri ya kusamalidwa maluwa, makamaka zaka zoyambirira, nyongolotsi imakula mpaka kukula kwake ndipo mizu idzakhala yolimba.

Panthawiyi, tikuyenera kuchotsa namsongole pafupi ndi chomera, kumasula dothi ndikulepheretsa mizu ya namsongole kutulutsa kapena kufooketsa maluwa.

Kupaka pamwamba

Popeza kuti astilba ili ndi tchire lalikulu kwambiri lomwe limathera nthawi yomweyo nthaka, zimalimbikitsidwa kuti tichite mimba nthawi zonse.

Kulankhulidwa koyambirira kuli bwino kwambiri mu April, pogwiritsa ntchito nitrogen feteleza kapena humus. Ntchito yachiwiri imapangidwa mu June ndi yankho la potash mchere: chitsamba chilichonse chimathiriridwa ndi lita imodzi yokhala pamwamba.

Kuvala kachitatu kumachitika pamene zomera zimamasula, komanso superphosphates zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: zimagwiritsidwa ntchito 15 magalamu pa chomera chilichonse.

Musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza, tchire tiyenera kuthiriridwa bwino, ndipo mutatha kuthirira nthaka ayenera kuuma pang'ono. Komanso, nthaka ikuphulika bwino komanso imatha.

Kulimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo

Pamodzi ndi zomera zina zokongola, astilba ikhoza kuwonekera ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.

Ndikofunikira makamaka kusiyanitsa pennitsa, gallic ndi strawberry nematode.

Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa astilbe pennitsy Mapesi a masamba amakhala ndi kukula komwe kuli kofanana ndi thovu. Pakati pa mapangidwe amenewa, mphukira za cicadal zimapezeka, ndipo masamba a duwa amawomba ndi kutembenuka. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi owopsa kwambiri, choncho ngati simutenga nthawi, maluwa amafa mwamsanga.

Strawberry ndi ndulu nematode imakhudza mbali yomwe ili pamwambapa: pansi pa chikoka chake, mafinya amatsenga, amakhala ndi mawanga, ndipo kukula kumaletsedwa. Komanso, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhudza mizu, pali maonekedwe a zotupa mwa mawonekedwe a kukula, mkati mwa zomwe zimatulutsa. Kugonjetsedwa kwa tizirombo kumawonetseredwa mu kulepheretsa chitukuko, kusowa kwa maluwa - m'tsogolo chitsamba chimatha kufa.

Pofuna kulimbana ndi tizirombozi, chomerachi chimalimbikitsidwa kupopera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, malinga ndi malangizo ogwiritsidwa ntchito. Mankhwala ogwira mtima ndi awa:

Ndikofunikira! Ngati njira zowononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sizitengedwa pakapita nthawi, zomera zowonongeka ziyenera kuwonongeka kuti zisatengere zitsanzo zabwino.

Pa matenda omwe astilba amawoneka, zotsatirazi zikhoza kusiyanitsidwa:

1. Bakiteriya kuona. Matendawa amakhudza masamba a chomera, pamene amapeza chida chakuda. Ngati nthawi sichitengapo njira zothetsera matendawa, ndiye kuti astilba imatha ndipo imafa. Polimbana ndi matendawa, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe ali ndi mkuwa polemba.
2. Mizu yovunda Komanso nthawi zambiri zimakhudza astilba, makamaka ngati malamulo a kuthirira sizitsatiridwa komanso kuti madzi akumwa m'nthaka amaloledwa. Ngati duwa lakula kale, silidzafa, koma silidzaphuka. Ngati chomera ndichinyamatayi, ndiye kuti chidzafa. Pofuna kuthetseratu matendawa, duwa limakumbidwa ndikudula masamba onse, komanso kuchotsa mizu yovunda. Iyo itabzalidwa mu nthaka yatsopano yowuma. Musanadzalemo, zomera zimasungidwa mu njira yothetsera potassium permanganate.
3. Phytoplasma ndi matenda a tizilombo. Vutoli likhoza kuchitika ngati mutagula kale kachilombo ka HIV kapena kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka yoipitsidwa. Mitengo yotereyi siyimeneka, choncho ndikofunikira kwambiri kusankha astilba pokagula ndikukana kugula ngati zomera zikuoneka zosaoneka bwino kapena zimachokera kutali.

Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira

Chofunika kwambiri pa kulima njuchi ziyenera kuperekedwa kwa chaka choyamba, pomwe mbewuyo iyenera kukula kuti ikhale yolimba nyengo yozizira bwino. Panthawi imeneyi, muyenera kudula maluwa onse a maluwa ndipo musalole kuti chomeracho chiphuphu. Pankhaniyi, mphamvu zonse za astilba zidzaloledwa kuzika mizu ndikupanga masamba pa mizu.

Astilba ikuwoneka kuti ndi yovuta kwambiri kutentha, choncho m'nyengo yozizira mungathe kuchita popanda malo ogona, koma nthawi zina zimakhala zofunikira.

Kukula kwa mbeu, makamaka kukana kwa nyengo yoipa kumatayika.

Ndikofunikira! Chifukwa chakuti chaka chilichonse mizu ya zomera imakula kwambiri m'nthaka, astilba ikhoza kufa kwa zaka 4 mutabzalidwa motsogoleredwa ndi chisanu.

Komanso, ngati nthawi yophukira siidakonzedwenso kubwezeretsa kwazitali zakale, ndiye kuti ayenera kutenthedwa m'nyengo yozizira. Pofuna kuika zomera m'dzinja, m'pofunika kudula chitsamba ndikuyika zitsulo pamwamba pake, zomwe zili ndi masamba mkati, zophimbidwa ndi spunbond kapena lutrasil pamwamba. N'zotheka kuteteza ku chinyontho ndi kukulunga pulasitiki, komwe kumaphimba nyumba yonse ndikukankhira pansi ndi njerwa. Kuonjezerapo, nkofunika kuika mbewu zomwe zimapulumuka nyengo yotentha ndi youma: amaonedwa kuti ndi ofooka ndipo amapita kudziko lino m'nyengo yozizira. Pankhaniyi, iwo ayenera kusungidwa mofanana ndi makope akale.

Ngati astilba ndi yathanzi komanso yachinyamata, kukonzekera kwa nyengo kumakhala kosavuta. Poyamba nyengo yozizira, gawo la padziko lapansili limatha kufa, choncho ndibwino kuti muzidulidwa kumapeto kwa autumn, kuchotsa mphukira zonse pamtunda. Gawo lomwe kuchotsedwapo lidachitika ndipo pamene mizu ilipo pafupi ayenera kuphimbidwa ndi nthaka, mpaka masentimita 4 mu msinkhu. Kenaka mulch ndi humus kapena peat.

Njira zobereketsera zamasamba

Nkhumba nthawi zambiri imakula ndi kufalitsa masamba. Kubzala mbewu sikugwiritsidwe ntchito pakhomo kubereka. Choncho, timalingalira momwe tingafalitsire astilbu mwa kugawa chitsamba ndi impso.

Kugawa chitsamba

Ndi zophweka kwambiri kufalitsa astilba kugawa chitsamba chachikulu. Njirayi ikuchitika m'dzinja kapena nyengo yachisanu kotero kuti gawo lirilonse liri ndi malonjezano othandizira kukula ndi mizu yokwanira yopatsa.

Ndikofunikira! Magawo pa mizu ayenera kukonzedwa makala, omwe asanamange.

Mbewu yopangira astilba itatha kugawanika pamtunda ndi yofunikira komanso nthawi yowonongeka. Ndikofunikira kuti tidziwitse kuthirira - ziyenera kukhala tsiku ndi tsiku.

Impso

Astilba ikhoza kufalikizidwanso kudzera mu kupatulidwa kwa impso:

1. Ndondomeko yodula mitengo yaying'ono ikachitika kumapeto kwa mphukira, pamene mphukira imayamba kukulira, ndipo masambawo amadulidwa pamodzi ndi mbali ya muzu.
2. Zowonongeka mu kudula ziyenera kuphimbidwa ndi phulusa.
3. Kuphulika kwa masamba odulidwa kuyenera kuchitidwa mu chisakanizo cha peat ndi miyala mu chiŵerengero cha 3 mpaka 1 ndikuphimbidwa ndi filimu mutabzala.
4. Nthitizi zowonjezereka zowonjezereka ziyenera kubzalidwa pamalo osatha a kukula m'chaka cha chaka chamawa.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti astilba ndi chomera chokongola komanso chodzichepetsa chomwe chimakhala chosavuta kukula ngakhale m'midzi. Ndikofunika kutsatira ndondomeko ndi malangizo pa chodzala ndi kusamalira astilba kuti mukwaniritse maluwa ambiri komanso kuti musamangokhalira kukongoletsa.