Chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kwapadera, zomwe zimakhala ndi anyezi wa michere zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuphika ndi mankhwala achikhalidwe. Wamaluwa amafunafuna kuti akolole masamba abwino awa m'minda yawo. Komabe, kukula anyezi kuchokera ku sevka sichinthu chophweka monga momwe zimawonekera. Zokolola zabwino zimathandizira kuthirira moyenera anyezi wobiriwira panthaka.
Madzi ati kuthira anyezi
Gawo lalikulu la anyezi ndi mutu wake, anyezi, womwe umafunikira chinyezi chokwanira kuti chikule. Ngati yasowa, njira yopangira bulb imayima, zomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kwa mbewu. Chifukwa chake, anyezi nthawi zina amafunika kuthirira.
Madzi ofunda amayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa icho, kukhala ndi kutentha kwa mulingo wa 16-18 ° C. Madzi a kutentha kumeneku amatha kupezeka ngati thanki yosungirako (mbiya) yaikidwa pamalowo. Madzi amatha kuthiridwa mmenemo ndi payipi kuchokera ku dongosolo lamadzi kapena chidebe kuchokera pachitsime. Madzi amasiyidwa mu mbiya kwa masiku 1-2 kuti atenthe padzuwa, ndiye kuti angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthirira.
Madzi mu mbiya amawotchera dzuwa ndikugwiritsira ntchito kuthirira.
Kutentha kwamadzi mu mbiya kudzakhala kofanana ndi kutentha komwe kumakhalako pafupi ndi mababu, ndipo sangakhale ndi nkhawa chifukwa chotumphuka kwambiri kutentha. Madzi ozizira amawonongera chikhalidwe cha masamba ndi mafangasi osiyanasiyana ndi mabakiteriya, mwachitsanzo, downy mildew.
Anyezi kuthirira
Anyezi amasewera nthawi zambiri amabzala kumayambiriro kwa Meyi. Munthawi ya kukula kwa zobiriwira kuchuluka kwa anyezi mutawabzala panthaka, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti dothi lomwe lili paphiripo limakhala lonyowa nthawi zonse ndipo silinauma.
Anyezi amafunika dothi lonyowa chifukwa cha mizu yake yopanda.
Kuperewera kwa chinyezi kumabweretsa kuti anyezi, monga zakutchire, zizimva zowawa komanso zosaya. Kuthirira kwambiri kumayambitsa kuvunda kwamasamba.
Chinyontho chomwe dothi limayang'aniridwa chimatha kuyang'ana ndi ndodo yowonda, yopota. Pachifukwa ichi, chimakankhira pansi mpaka pakuya pafupifupi 10 cm, ndiye kuti ndodayo imatulutsidwa. Ngati pali dothi losiyidwa panthaka, nthaka yonyowa, pomwe chinyezi sichikwanira, ndodoyo imakhalabe youma.
Mosakayikira, nyengo yomwe mbewuyo imamera imakhudzanso kuthirira. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kudziwa kuti pamagawo osiyanasiyana a kukula, zofunikira za anyezi pazinyontho za nthaka sizili zofanana.
Pamagawo osiyanasiyana a chitukuko, anyezi amafunikira chinyezi chosiyana
Chomera chimafuna chinyezi kwambiri:
- masabata awiri oyambilira mutabzala;
- mphukira zikaoneka, mkati mwa masabata awiri zitachitika izi, popeza munthawi yotere mizu imayamba kukula ndikukula.
Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kuthirira pamagawo onsewa kumafunikira moyenera.
Gome: kuthirira anyezi nthawi yakula
| Mwezi | Kutsirira pafupipafupi | Kuchuluka kwa madzi pa 1 m2 pa nthaka |
| Meyi (atafika) | Kamodzi pa sabata | 6-10 l |
| Juni | 1 nthawi m'masiku 8-10 | 10-12 l |
| Julayi (1st-15th) | 1 nthawi m'masiku 8-10 | 8-10 l |
| Julayi (16-31 nambala) | 1 nthawi 4-5 masiku | 5-6 l |
Nyengo ikagwa mvula mutabzala anyezi, imatha kukhala ndi mvula yokwanira yachilengedwe. Sadzafunanso kuthirira. Mitundu ya nthenga zake, yomwe m'malo mwa zobiriwira, imakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira, imasanduka madzi, imatha kuwonetsa kuchulukana ndi chinyezi. Kuperewera kwa chinyezi kungathe kuweruzidwa ndi maonekedwe a nthenga: zimasanduka chikaso, kusanja, ndipo nsonga zitha.
Maupangiri achikasu ndi kuyanika a nthenga zimawonetsa kusowa chinyezi
Popewa kuwotcha ndi dzuwa lowala, thirirani anyezi m'mawa kapena nthawi yamadzulo.
M'nyengo youma, kuthilira kumawonjezeredwa mpaka 2 m'malo mobwereza, monga tafotokozera.
Kodi kusiya kuthirira
Masabata 2-3 asanakolole, mbewu ya masamba siyikumwanso madzi. Panthawi yomwe nthenga za anyezi ziyamba kugona pansi, titha kunena kuti mitu yathula ndikukula kwathunthu. Nthawi zambiri mphindi iyi imadza miyezi iwiri mutabzala. Kuthilira panthawiyi kumasokoneza kwambiri masamba.
Masabata 2-3 anyezi asanagwe pansi, kuthirira kumayima
Kwa nthawi yayitali tinayenera kukula anyezi kuchokera ku chikondwerero cha zonse zachikaso ndi zofiira. Kudziwa kuti anyezi sindimakonda chinyezi chambiri komanso kusowa kwake, pafupifupi nthawi zonse timapeza zokolola zabwino zamasamba awa. Kutsirira kunachitika pafupifupi kamodzi pa sabata. Pamene anyezi atagona, sanamwe madzi konse. Madzi othirira adatengedwa kuchokera mbiya.
Kanema: pa kuthirira koyenera anyezi
Ngati mukutsatira zofunikira kuthirira, pafupipafupi, ndiye kuti kukolola zochuluka ndi anyezi wokongola kudzakhala ngati mphotho kwa wosamalira dimba aliyense pantchito yake.
