Kukula mphesa kumakhala kofala kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa. Zipatso za chomera ichi ndi zothandiza komanso zokoma.
Zakumwa zopangira nyumba (compotes ndi vinyo) zimapangidwa kuchokera ku mphesa, komanso zakudya zokoma (jams, zosunga, mapewa) zomwe ana amakonda kwambiri.
Posankha osiyana, wamaluwa nthawi zambiri amakonda otchuka kwambiri ndi kutsimikiziridwa. Ndiwo omwe ali ofanana kwambiri, olimba, omwe ali ndi zokolola zabwino ndi zosavuta kuti aziwasamalira. Chimodzi mwa mitundu iyi ndi Chisangalalo.
Ndi mtundu wanji?
Mphesa Chisangalalo chikutanthauza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tebulo. Zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kukwirira koyambirira kwa zipatso. Nthawi yokolola imatha masiku pafupifupi 105-115 kuchokera nthawi yoyamba ikuphulika..
Pakati pa mphesa zoyera amadziwika kuti Lancelot, Ubwenzi ndi Alexander.
Kumadera akum'mwera, Chisangalalo chimapsa kale, kumpoto kwa nthawi yaitali.
Mphesa "Chisangalalo": kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana
Mitengo imakhala ikukula kukula, ndi thunthu lalikulu ndi nthambi zamphamvu. Masamba ndi aakulu kapena sing'anga mu kukula, wobiriwira wobiriwira ndi mitsempha yotchulidwa ndi ndondomeko zowonongeka. Maluwa okwatirana, komanso Kadinala ndi Lily wa Valley.
Mabungwe kukula kwakukulu, kuchulukitsitsa kwakukulu, mawonekedwe a nthawi zonse. Kulemera kwake kwa mpesa uliwonse ndi pafupifupi 600-800 magalamu.
Zipatso chozungulira, chachikulu, 6-8 magalamu aliyense, 2.3-2.7 masentimita awiri. Zipatsozo zimapangidwa zobiriwira, ndipo pafupi ndi nthawi yakucha zimakhala zowonongeka komanso sera yowoneka bwino.
Pulp shuga, chotupa, khungu lofewa ndipo sichimamveka panthawi yomwe akudya. Kukoma ndi kokoma kwambiri, kolemera, koma kusatseka.
Chidziwikire cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi shuga wambiri. Zipatso zabwino zimatha kusonkhanitsa shuga 20-26% ndi asidi a 6-9 5-9 g / l.
Zina mwa mitundu yokoma zimatha kudziwika Amethysts, subspecies za Zolemba Zachilendo zapachiyambi ndi zakunja.
Zipatso zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano, pitani bwino. Amapanga zakudya zokoma zokometsera zokometsera zokometsera zokometsetsa (jams, preserves, pastries).
Chithunzi
Onani maonekedwe a mphesa "Kondwerani" mu chithunzi pansipa:
Mbiri yobereketsa ndi dera loswana
Mitundu imeneyi idapangidwa chifukwa cha kuwoloka kwa mungu wa Zarya Doroga ndi Dolores ndi Oyambirira ku Russia.
Chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Dawn ya Kumpoto, mphesa zakhala ndi zotsutsana ndi chisanu. Anapambana bwinobwino mayeso ndipo analimbikitsidwa kulima m'madera osiyanasiyana a Russia ndi Ukraine.
Nthawi zambiri amamupatsanso gawo la Belarus ndi mayiko a Baltic. Pakati pa mitundu yopanda ozizira, Kukongola kwa Kumpoto, Pink Flamingo ndi Super Extra ndizoyenera kuzizindikira.
Zizindikiro
Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi zokolola zambiri, zomwe ndi 115-120 kg / ha. Ngati mukufuna kuonjezera zokolola, mukhoza kuyesetsa kukondwera ndi chithandizo cha maonekedwe akuluakulu.
Mpangidwe wamakono umakondedwa ndi Ruta, Gurzuf Pink, Gala.
Pokhala ndi chisamaliro chokhazikika ndi choyenera, wamaluwa nthawi zambiri amatenga masango akuluakulu mpaka 1.3-1.4 makilogalamu.
Chisangalalo chimakhala chabwino kwambiri cha chisanu. Mitengo imatha kupirira kutentha kwa madola -25 -27. M'madera okhala ndi nyengo yoopsa (kum'mwera kwa Ukraine, Belarus), wamaluwa nthawi zambiri amasiya chomera kuti asadzakhale pogona. Koma, kumbukirani kuti mudziko lathu mphesa zimalimbikitsidwa kulima ngati chikhalidwe chophimba.
Kusamalira malo ogona ayenera kukhala pasadakhale (pamaso pa chisanu choyamba). Ndibwino kuti mupange malo okhalamo, chifukwa gawo silidzapereka chitetezo choyenera.
Alex, Tukay ndi Krasa Severa amasiyana kwambiri ndi kukana kwawo kwambiri.
ZipatsoTimapanga izi zosiyanasiyana ndi kuyankhula bwino komanso kuyenda mosavuta. Iwo ali oyenera kuti agulitse malonda. Mukamaliza kucha, mphesa sizimasokoneza, sizimachoka kuthengo. Zipatso zingathe kukhalabe kuthengo kwa masiku 30-40 mutatha kucha popanda kutaya kukoma.
Samalani tchire chokonza choyenera. Pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, tikulimbikitsidwa kutsatira ndondomeko imeneyi kuti maso a 35 mpaka 45 akhalebe kuthengo. Izi sizidzasungunulira chomeracho ndipo zidzakhudza kwambiri mbewu.
M'zaka zoyamba mukhoza kuchepetsa mphesa pang'ono, monga tchire timadziwika ndi kukula, zimayamba kubereka zipatso oyambirira.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Chimwemwe chimakhala ndi kukana kwa mildew, oidium (2.5 points) ndi chitetezo chamkati chotsutsana ndi imvi zowola.
Wofesa munda ayenera kumvetsera mosamala njira zothandizira kuteteza tchire kuchokera ku tizirombo ndi matenda.
Chaka ndi chaka amafunika kuti azitha kuchiza tchire la mphesa ndikukonzekera mankhwala kuti.
Mdani wamkulu wa Chisangalalo ndi phylloxera. Matenda osokoneza bongo, kuchotsa zomwe ziri zovuta kwambiri. Zitsamba zomwe zakhudzidwa zimawonongeka, zotsatiridwa ndi disinfection ya nthaka.
Kulemba grafting cuttings pa amphamvu ndi zathanzi masitima kudzachepetsa chiopsezo cha vuto ili. Wokondedwa kwambiri Berlandieri X Riparia Kober 5BB.
Kupewa matenda a fungal ndi kudulira kwa mpesa pachaka. Mpweya wokwanira wabwino umachepetsa chiopsezo cha vuto.
Ndikofunika kusankha momwe mungamere mphesa. Ambiri amakonda kulima tchire m'mizere yeniyeni, koma pa trellis izo zidzatetezedwa bwino ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Musaiwale kuti mphesa zimafunika kuthiridwa mochuluka ndi kusamalira nthaka. Tulutsani nthaka nthawi zambiri, namsongole, tenga masamba owuma ndi zipatso zakugwa pakapita nthawi. Nthawi zambiri amakhala magwero a matenda komanso malo osungira tizilombo.
Chimwemwe chingakhale Chisankho chabwino kwa onse odziwa bwino wamaluwa ndi oyamba kumene.omwe adzalima mphesa kwa nthawi yoyamba. Zimakopa ndi bwino kusintha, chisanu kukana, osati zovuta chisamaliro, kukana matenda ndi kukoma kwambiri kukoma.
Ngati mupereka chisamaliro cha mbeu ndi chisamaliro choyenera, kwa nthawi yaitali izo zidzakondweretsa ndi mbewu zambiri pachaka ndi mawonekedwe okongola.
