Kukondwera wakuda ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphesa yosakanizidwa, yowonjezedwa posachedwapa.
Ali ndi maina angapo, mwachitsanzo, Black Baron kapena Mbale wa Delight. Koma amadziwika kuti Black Delight.
Mitundu yodabwitsa imeneyi ili ndi ubwino wosatsutsika ndipo ndi yoyenera kubzala pawekha. Kumusamalira sikovuta ngakhale kwa wamaluwa omwe alibe chidziwitso chochuluka chokula mphesa.
Ndi mtundu wanji?
Monga dzina limatanthawuzira - zokondweretsa zosiyanasiyanazi ndi za mphesa zakuda. Ili ndi kukoma kokoma komanso zabwino.
Mitundu yakuda ndi Bull Eye, Moldova ndi Black Emerald.
Mphesa Wokondwa Black: zosiyanasiyana zofotokozera
Kusangalala kumakhala wamtali kwambiri.
Zolemba za Amfiti, Kishmishi 342 ndi Codrean ndizitali.
Pamene chodzala chiyenera kuzindikira kuti kukula bwino ndi chitukuko cha chitsamba kumafuna malo ambiri.
Kalasi iyi sakonda kulemera ndipo amafunikira kuumba moyenera ndi kugawa kwa mpesa. Fruiting imayamba zaka 2 mutabzala.
Mbali yamakono ndi maluwa a mtundu wa akazi omwe amapangidwa mungu mwakuya akamabzala pamodzi ndi mphesa ndi maluwa okwatirana.
The Kinglet, Ruta ndi Red Delight amadziwikanso ndi kukhalapo kwa maluwa aakazi.
Iye amavomereza bwino pamene akudzala cuttings. Ponena za katundu ku chitsamba osapitirira 40-50 mabowo kapena 10-12 maso pa mphukira, pali bwino kusasitsa kwa mpesa, pafupifupi 75-80%.
Kwa Black Delight, kuchepetsa kwafupipafupi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, Maso 3-4.
Makuluwa ndi aakulu kwambiri, ambiri kuchokera 800 gr mpaka 1.5-2.5 makilogalamu, malinga ndi nyengo ya kulima. Iwo ndi ochepa kwambiri, ofala.
Zipatsozo ndi zazikulu, zolemera 7-10 gr, wakuda buluu, pafupifupi wakuda, wozungulira kapena pang'ono. Nyama ndi yowutsa mudyo, yofewa, yotsekemera kwambiri, koma osati yophika, yopota pang'ono. Kukoma ndi kovuta komanso kogwirizana. Khungu ndi lakuda, koma idyani.
Kukoma kwakukulu kungadzitamande ndi Velika, Krasa Balki ndi Romeo.
Chithunzi
Zithunzi za mphesa:
Mbiri yobereka
Anagwidwa chifukwa cha zovuta zowoloka mitundu itatu ya mphesa: North Dawn, Dolores ndi Russian Oyambirira. Mgwirizanowu, mtundu wosakanizidwa umene unapangidwa kuchokera ku Dolores ndi Dawn of North kumpoto unadutsa ndi Russian oyambirira.
Kusangalala wakuda - imodzi mwa mitundu yatsopano ya mphesainapangidwa mu russian Research Institute of mphesa kwa iwo. Ya I. I. Potapenko.
Mu bungwe lofukufuku lomweli la mitundu yotchuka monga Amirkhan, Augusta ndi Aladin adalengedwa.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyanayi ndi mbali ya mvula yambiri yozizira-mphesa zolimba zomwe zimayesedwa kulima m'madera ozizira kumpoto ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Russia, mwachitsanzo ku Urals ndi Siberia.
Amakula bwino ku Belarus, Ukraine ndi Moldova.
Zizindikiro
Zili ngati mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphesa. Ndondomeko yonse yakucha, kuchokera ku maonekedwe oyamba mazira ndi zokolola, imatenga pafupifupi Masiku 110-125.
Mitundu yoyambirira imaphatikizaponso Kusintha, Kunyada ndi Purple Early.
Ikhoza kubzalidwa pakatikati ndi masika. Ndibwino kuti malo otentha, dzuwa azikhala ndi nthaka yowala bwino.
Pogwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe abwino a chitsamba ndipo malamulo a mtengo wa mpesa chaka ndi chaka amabweretsa zipatso zambiri. Kawirikawiri, kuchokera ku hekita imodzi akhoza kusonkhanitsidwa mpaka anthu okwana 250.
Kukhazikika kwa mbewu kudzapatsanso Asya, Miner ndi Gala.
Mitunduyi imakhala yovuta kwambiri yozizira, imatha kupirira chisanu popanda pogona. mpaka -25-26 C. Kumwera kwa Russia, Belarus ndi Ukraine m'nyengo yozizira simungathe kukulunga.
Kuwonjezera pa nyengo yozizira yolimba, imakhala yabwino kukaniza matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.
Kulimbana ndi matenda oopsa monga mildew ndi oidium, sagwidwa ndi nyongolotsi ndi mbalame, ndipo sichionongeka ndi phylloxera. Mwatsoka, nthawi zambiri imatha kuwonongeka ndi nkhungu zakuda.
Kupewa matenda monga anthracnose, chlorosis, bacteriosis ndi rubella sikumapweteka.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Kawirikawiri, imvi imamenya masamba, masamba ndi masamba.
Pambuyo pake, izo zikhoza kuwoneka pa zipatso. Zifukwa za imvi zowola chitsamba thickening, mkulu chinyezi ndi kuzizira. Nthenda ya causative ya matendawa ndi bowa. Ndizowopsa kwambiri pazitsamba zakucha.
Grey kuvunda akhoza kuwononga mbeu yonse ndikuwononga kwambiri munda wamphesa.
Pofuna kuteteza chitukuko cha matendawa, mutha kutsuka magulu opanda mphamvu ya soda kapena ayodini. Ngati matendawa atulukira kale, mankhwala okhawo amathandiza.
Zizindikiro
Mphesa ili ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri:
- chisanu kukana;
- mkulu ndi zotsika zokolola;
- zokoma zokoma ndi mawonekedwe okongola a mphesa;
- Kukaniza matenda akuluakulu a mphesa.
Pa zolakwika zazikulu zingathe kuzindikiranso chimodzimodzi: kutenga kachilombo koyambitsa matenda ovunda.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yabwino kukula m'munda m'madera a kumpoto. Chofunika kwambiri kuti munthu apeze zokolola zabwino ndi kudulira bwino ndi kupanga mawonekedwe a chitsamba ndi mankhwala ochiza matenda.
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