Aliyense amadziwa kuti nyangazi zimakhala zoopsa kwa anthu, koma nthawi zina siziyenera kuopseza poona kachirombo kamodzi. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa pamene pakufunika kuyang'ana njira zothetsera mahomoni, ndipo palibe chifukwa choopera. Tiyeni tiwone bwinobwino momwe magetsi aliri owopsa kwa anthu ndi njira ziti zomwe mungathe kuziwonongera.
Kodi magetsi amawoneka bwanji? Kufotokozera za tizilombo
Tizilombo timene timakhala tambirimbiri komanso timene timakhala tambirimbiri. Nyongolotsi imakhala ndi mbola (mpaka 6.5 mm) yomwe imatulutsa poizoni kwa anthu.
Minyanga imakhala m'mabanja, kumanga chisa chomwe amapeza, kuyaka nkhuni zovunda. Zisamba zimamangidwa m'malo ozizira, m'malo otetezeka: mu attics, mu attics, mitsuko, matabwa, pansi pamapangidwe a denga, pa mitengo, mipanda. Nthawi zina zimakhala pansi. Ambiri achikulire amawoneka pafupi ndi kutha kwa chilimwe kapena kumayambiriro kwa autumn.
Mukudziwa? Ambiri amakumana ndi zovuta kusiyanitsa magetsi kuchokera ku dothi, ngakhale kusiyana kwawo kukuwonekera. Kukula kwa thupi ndikobiri kawiri kukula kwake. Pamunsi pa mimba ndi kumbuyo kwa hornet, malo a bulawuni amadziwikiratu momveka bwino (mavupa sangathe kudzitama ndi izi).
Kodi maginito owopsa ndi otani?
M'madera akumidzi kumapiri a nyamayi ndi owopsa kwambiri ngati pali njuchi pafupi. Amadyetsa tizilombo tina, mwamsanga amayendetsa msewu kuming'oma, ndipo potsirizira pake amawononga madera a njuchi, kuwononga ming'oma.
Ambiri ali ndi chidwi ndi funso la ngati hornet imamenya munthu. Nthawi zambiri amamenyana ndi anthu, pokhapokha atakhala ndi tizilombo tokha kapena malo ake okhalamo. Koma nyangazi zimagunda osati kamodzi, koma mobwerezabwereza, mpaka kusowa kwa poizoni. Nthaŵi zambiri, wogwidwayo amachoka ndi edema yambiri komanso malo otchedwa bite. Koma ngati poizoniyo amachititsa kuti asamayende bwino, zotsatira zake zingakhale zomvetsa chisoni. Malingana ndi chiwerengero, mu 10-15% mwa milandu thupi limakhala ndi poizoni woopsa, lomwe limaphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa magazi, kupweteka kwa mtima, kupweteka mutu.
Komanso, ngati mutadwalanso kachilomboka, ma antibodies omwe amapangidwa sangagwire ntchito, ndiye kuti poizoni amachititsa kuti thupi likhale loipa kwambiri. Choncho, ngati chisa cha hornets chimaonekera pa chiwembucho, ndibwino kuchotsa izo, makamaka ngati muli ndi ana aang'ono.
Mukudziwa? Nyanga zam'mlengalenga zimakhala ku Japan, zomwe zimawomba anthu pafupifupi 40 pachaka. Chiwerengero chomwecho choluma chimalowa kuchipatala chachikulu ndi kutupa kwa ziwalo za mkati. Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ta mitundu imeneyi timakhala ku Thailand ndi ku China.
Kodi mungatani kuti muchotse ndalama zogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo?
Pa nkhani yothetsera vutoli, nthawi zambiri amathandizira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimagulitsidwa m'masitolo alionse a zamasamba. Kusankha kwa mankhwalawa ndi kwakukulu. Ambiri a iwo amakulolani kumenyana nthawi imodzi ndi mitundu yambiri ya tizilombo. Choncho, yang'anani pa mankhwala atsopano. Mwa njira zomwe zili pamsika tikhoza kulangiza zotsatirazi.
Malathion
Mankhwala otetezeka komanso otchipa kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito malathion (organophosphate tizilombo). Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito polimbana ndi nsikidzi, Colorado maluwa, ntchentche. Anagulitsidwa moyikira ngati ufa kapena mawonekedwe a madzi.
Tetriks
Chida cha Dutch, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimagulitsidwa pokhapokha kuzinthu zothandiza. Gwiritsani ntchito chida chothandizira kuti mugwiritse ntchito sichiphweka.
Chlorpyrifos
Chidachi chifukwa cha zomwe zimapanga mitundu yambiri ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: Phosban, Dursban, Xsulat, Agran, Get, ndi zina. Potsatira ndondomeko yofunikila, mankhwalawa angagwiritsidwe ntchito polimbana ndi makina achikasu.
Dichlorvos
Imodzi mwa mankhwala otchuka kwambiri ndi mankhwala opangidwa ndi dichlorvos. Koma pakufunika koyenera kuwathira pa chisa chake. Pa nthawi imodzimodzi yomweyo kupha tizilombo sikugwira ntchito. Kawirikawiri mankhwalawa amapangidwa mu thumba la pulasitiki, lomwe limangika mwamsanga chisa, kumangiriza pamwamba.
Ndikofunikira! Kawirikawiri, pofuna chitetezo, zimalimbikitsidwa kutsogolo chisa ndi udzu wapadera kapena utsi umene umachepetsa zomwe tizilombo timachita. Koma izi sizikutitsimikizira zotsatira zoyenera.
Mutasankha njira yoyenera yowonongera chisa cha nyamayi, m'pofunikira kuyambitsa njira zokhazokha ndizovala zapadera za mlimi, zomwe zimakwirira khosi, nkhope, manja, popanda kutsegula malo omasuka m'thupi. Ndikofunika kukwaniritsa njira zomwe zinakonzedwa mu mdima. Pa nthawiyi, tizilombo tonse tiri mkati mwa chisa ndipo sitimatopa.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito msampha wa mavu komanso nyanga
Amaluwa ena amamenyana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa, amawonetsa misampha yapadera kwa iwo. Zoona, iwo angagwire antchito okhawokha, ndipo chisa chomwecho, kumene tizilombo timakhala ndi kubereka, chidzakhalabe cholimba. Choncho, n'zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito msampha kumadera omwe malowa sanapange nyumba. Samalani kuti palibe njuchi pafupi, mwinamwake njuchi zidzagwa mumsampha.
Ndikofunikira! Musanayambe kumenyana ndi hornets, muyenera kumvetsa zomwe amapereka kumunda wanu ndi munda wanu. Banja lochokera ku chisa chimodzi limatha kuyeretsa malo oyandikana nawo kuchokera ku tizilombo zoipa (mbozi, agulugufe, nsikidzi, mbozi) pafupi ndi mazana angapo pa tsiku. Choncho, ngati lipenga sizingawononge anthu kapena njuchi, simuyenera kuyamba kumenyana nawo.
Kugula misampha
Pofuna kulimbana ndi nyanga zamagetsi, mukhoza kugula misampha yokonzekera ndikuwapachika kumalo komwe nyanga zimakhala. Muzipinda zapadera, mukhoza kugula mitsuko yapadera ya pulasitiki yokhala ndi matabwa angapo ndi mabowo a tizirombo. Mapangidwewa apangidwa kuti asabwerere. Monga lamulo, zinthu zamtengo wapatali zimagulitsidwa.
Pali misampha yokhala ndi thupi la pulasitiki lofewa, lomwe lapangidwa kuti lipeze nambala ya tizilombo. Pachifukwa ichi, mutha kugula zinthu zingapo zofanana ndikuziyika pambali pa dera loopsa.
Mapepala othandizira apadera amaperekedwanso pamsika. Zimapachikidwa pomwe nyanga zimawonekera nthawi zambiri. Tizilombo timakhala pa iwo, timamatira, ndipo chifukwa chakuti sitingathe kutero, amafa. Msampha uwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi kokha.
Momwe mungapangire msampha nokha
Mungathe kumusenza mumsampha wokhala ndi botolo la pulasitiki la 1.5-2 l wokhazikika. Ndikofunika kudula pakati, kutembenuzira gawo lakumwamba popanda chivindikiro ndikuyiyika kumunsi wotsika kwambiri wodzala ndi nyambo. Monga nyambo, chisakanizo cha mowa ndi shuga kapena uchi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito, nyanga zimathamanga kupita kununkhira. Akukwera mkati, sangathe kutulukamo ndi kumwalira kumeneko masiku angapo. Misampha yotereyi inayamba kukhala pakati pa kasupe. Panthawi ino pali hornets yoyamba. Ngati pali tizilombo zambiri, ndipo mulibe zisa mu chiwembucho, mungathe kuyika misampha yofanana nayo.
Mukudziwa? Kuyambira kuonongeka kwa nyanga zam'madzi pa malo, tiyenera kuyandikira izi mwanzeru. Chifukwa cha kuyang'anitsitsa ndi kusaganizira mopanda nzeru ndi tizilombo, chiŵerengero chawo chachepa kwambiri. M'madera ena, nyangazi zimatchulidwanso m'buku la Red Book. Ndalama zimaperekedwa kuti ziwonongeke.
Kuwononga Nyanga Zili Pamodzi
Amamenyana tizilombo m'njira zina zosavuta.
Boric acid
Mankhwala a boric kapena msuzi wa bowa akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito mumsampha komanso muzitini zomwe zimapezeka pa tsamba. Pofuna kukonzekera msuzi, tenga supuni ya boric acid kapena katatu wa bowa, tiwatsanulire ndi kapu ya madzi ndikuwiritsani. 10 g wa uchi amaphatikizidwa kwa osakaniza utakhazikika ndi kutsanulira mu zitini.
Nyama yoizoni
Popeza kuti tizilombo timakonda nyama, timatha kugwidwa mosavuta chifukwa cha nyama. Choyamba, konzekerani nyama yosungunuka kuchokera ku nyama yoyenera kuti muyese nyanga. Ikani izo mu zitini pa gawo la webusaitiyi, mabokosi kapena ming'oma yopanda kanthu yokhala ndi mabowo otseguka. Onetsetsani kuti nyamayi silingathe kupeza nyama zoweta.
Pambuyo pa masiku angapo, tizilombo tiyamba kuthawa. Kenaka akhoza kubwezeretsedwa ndi nyambo yoopsa. Maluwa a ku Parisian kapena arsenic sodium pa mlingo wa 1 g wa mankhwala pa 1 kg ya nyama amawonjezeredwa ku nyama. Ndikofunika kuyang'anira njira zotetezera pamene mukuphika, popeza zinthu izi ndizoopsa kwambiri kwa anthu. Mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito, zitsulo zonse, ming'oma ndi mabokosi ziyenera kutsukidwa bwino pogwiritsira ntchito madzi otentha ndi lye.
Kugwiritsa ntchito moto kapena madzi
Njira yophweka yopereka zotsatira zotsimikizirika ndi kuyaka ndikumira chisa. Mwachitsanzo, amathiridwa ndi injini yogwiritsa ntchito mafuta kapena mafuta. Pachifukwachi, ngati chisa chili pamalo otetezeka, chikhoza kuyaka moto. Mafuta amathirira chisa pamwamba. Musaiwale kuti musanayambe kuika polyethylene pansi pa chisa kuti mafuta asalowe m'nthaka.
Ngati malowa si abwino kwambiri, ndipo ndikofunika kuteteza umphumphu ndi ukhondo wa nyumbayi, gwiritsani ntchito madzi. Pachifukwa ichi, madzi amatsanulira mu chidebe chokwanira chokwanira, amakwezedwa ku chisa ndi kumizidwa mmenemo pansi pa madzi. Mphamvu ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa pa malowa ndikuyimira pafupifupi theka la ora. Panthawi imeneyi, anthu onse ayenera kufa.
Monga mukuonera, pali njira zambiri zowonetsera malo kuchokera kwa tizilombo. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo ziwiri zomwe zimagulitsidwa m'masitolo. Nthawi zambiri, nthawi zonse mungatchule ntchito yapadera yothetsera tizilombo. Koma musanayambe kuchita zinthu zoopsa, ganizirani ngati ziridi zolondola. Mwinamwake lipengali sizingawononge malo anu.
