Biringanya ndi chikhalidwe chosadziwika bwino, chodziwika ndi kuchepa, kukula kwa mizu komanso kugwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zamakono.
Pofuna kubzala masamba, ndi bwino kukula mbande.
Njirayi ikuyamba ndi kukonzekera mbewu ndi dothi, ndikutsatira gawo lofunika kwambiri - kubzala biringanya kwa mbande.
Mutu wa nkhani yathu lero ndi eggplants: kubzala pa mbande. Tidzapeza momwe tingamere bwino eggplants kwa mbande, zizindikiro za kubzala mbewu za eggplins kwa mbande.
Momwe mungabzalitsire eggplants kwa mbande ndi liti?
Nthawi yabwino yobzala mbande imadalira dera komanso nyengo. Ndikofunika kwambiri komwe masamba adzakula.: mu wowonjezera kutentha, wowonjezera kutentha kapena lotseguka pabedi.
Mitundu ya thermophilousMukasamukira ku malo osatha, malo ayenera kukhala otenthedwa.
Kusankha nthawi yoti muzitha kufesa mbande wamkulu, mutha kudziwa tsiku lenileni la kufesa mbewu. Mazira amakula kwa nthawi yaitali, nyengo yokula imatenga masiku 100 mpaka 150, malingana ndi zosiyanasiyana.
Mbande amasunthira ku mabedi ali ndi zaka 45-60. Mitengo yoyamba yakucha yofesedwa mu theka lachiwiri la March; mitundu yochedwa yakucha ayenera kubzalidwa m'zaka khumi za February.
Amaluwa ambiri amakonda kusewera motetezeka ndikusunthira mbewu ndikufesa ku mabedi. Ma eggplants okonda kutentha sagwirabe ntchito kupirira frosts, zomera zazing'ono zimatha kuletsa kukula kapena kufa. Pachifukwa ichi, ndizosayenera kusunga mbande mu makapu, mbande zowonjezera zimapanga ovary moyipa.
Kwa zaka zowonjezera zowonjezera zowonjezera, kufesa sikungakhoze kusokonezedwa. Pofuna kupeza masamba atsopano kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yozizira, ndi bwino kubzala mbewu kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena kumapeto kwa chilimwe.
Kenaka, tidzakuuzani momwe mungabzalitsire eggplants kwa mbande ndi zomwe zingakuthandizeni izi.
Kodi mukufunikira chiyani kuti mufike?
Musanayambe kubzala, ndikofunika kukonzekera zonse zomwe mukufunikira. Pofuna kubzala bzalani bwino bwino muyenera:
Kuyala zakuthupi. Kufesa kumafuna khalidwe, osati mbewu zakale kwambiri.
MFUNDO! Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito zakuthupi zaka 2-3.
Kuti amere bwino, amathandizidwa ndi kukula kokonda kapena kumera mu minofu yonyowa.
Kwa mbewu zakale, njira yogwiritsira ntchito ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, Zomwe mukuzipeza nokha ndizofunika kupiritsa mavitamini ndi mankhwala a potassium permanganate kapena hydrogen peroxide. Mbewu imadonthozedwa kwa theka la ola, kutsukidwa ndi madzi oyera ndi kuuma pa thaulo.
Kusakaniza kwa nthaka. Kugula nthaka sikugwirizana chifukwa chokula mbande.
Ndi bwino kupanga substrate nokha mwa kusakaniza munda wa calcined kapena malo a sod ndi humus. Mukhoza kuyesa njira ina mwa kusakaniza nthaka ya m'munda yogula nthaka kapena peat.
Mitundu ina imafuna kuyanjana, Kuti mukhale ndi mpweya wabwino, tikulimbikitsanso kuwonjezera mwambo kapena kutsuka mchenga. Dothi loyenera liyenera kukhala lopatsa thanzi komanso losalowerera mu acidity, kuchuluka kwa peat n'kosafunika. Phulusa la nkhuni kapena zovuta zowonjezera feteleza zingathe kuwonjezeredwa ku osakaniza.
Mizinga ya mbande. Biringanya zosavuta kukula m'matumba a pulasitiki ang'onoang'ono. Pambuyo pa mbande zikukula, zimasamutsidwa ku zida zambiri, zofooka ndi zofooka zimamanidwa. N'zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito zida zing'onozing'ono zopangidwa ndi pepala losasamba kapena filimu yokha.
Zophika mapepala sizigwirizana, mizu ya eggplants ndi yofooka; sangathe kulowa mkati mwa makoma olimbikitsa akadzaponyedwa pansi. Zigawo zazikuluzikulu sizili bwino., mbande zimatha kupotoza mizu, zimakhala zovuta kuzigawa popanda kuvulaza.
Sitima yopala. Mu kukula kwake ziyenera kulumikizana ndi zitsamba za mbande. Ndi bwino kugwiritsira ntchito trayi ndi mbali zakutsogolo kapena bokosi lalikulu la makatoni kapena pulasitiki.
Zida za ntchito. Mufunika zolemba zazing'ono ndi mapegi olemba zizindikiro.
Mudzafunika ndikupopera chinyezi.
Madzi otentha, makamaka thawed, mvula kapena yophika. Simungakhoze kuthirira mbewu za madzi ozizira ndi ozizira, kumera kumachepetsa kwambiri.
Mafilimu kapena galasi kuti apange wowonjezera kutentha. Kukula kumagwirizana ndi zida za mbande.
Tsopano kuti tili ndi zonse zomwe tikusowa, ganizirani momwe mungabzalitsire eggplants kwa mbande?
Momwe mungayesere eggplants pa mbande: sitepe ndi sitepe malangizo
Mu matanki kwa mbande ndi nkhono kapena singano lakuda, mabowo a ngalande amapangidwa. Makapu kapena makaseti amadzazidwa ndi mapulogalamu okonzeka kuti pamwamba pake pakhale malo opanda ufulu.
Ndiyetu ndikuyenera kuziganizira Nthaka yochepa imatha kugwa nthawi, kuyala kumafunika.
Kodi kubzala eggplants kwa mbande? Ndi nkhono kapena kudula supuni pamwamba pa nthaka, chitsime chimapangidwa ndi 0,5 masentimita. Mbewu yowuma imayikidwa ndi ufa ndi dothi lochepa. Nthaka imaphwanya mopepuka ndi zala zanu. palibe chifukwa choliphwanya. Miphika yodzazidwa imayikidwa pa katolo. Ngati zitsulozo zatsitsidwa, mukhoza kuziyika pazitsulo zadothi kapena miyala yocheperako.
Mbeu zikumera ziyenera kubzalidwa mosamala kwambiri. Pofuna kufesa, makapuwa amadzaza ndi 1 cm masentimita. Mbeuyi imayikidwa pansi pamtunda ndipo imadetsedwa ndi nthaka kuti ikhale mbeu ya 0,5 cm. Simungathe kukanikiza mbewu, zowonongeka zimatuluka mosavuta.
Nthaka yomwe ili muzitsulo imapulitsidwa kwambiri ndi madzi ofunda kuchokera mu botolo la kutsitsi. Pamwamba pa nthaka ayenera kukhala wogawana mvula, koma osati mowa kwambiri. Makhalidwe ali ndi filimu kapena galasi, kenaka amaikidwa kutentha.
Malo abwino kwambiri ali pafupi ndi batiri.. Kuyika mabokosi pa zipangizo zotentha sikutheka, zingathe kuwononga zomera. Ulamuliro wabwino kwambiri wa kutentha umachokera ku madigiri 25 mpaka 28. Mphukira ya biringanya yaitali. Akuwombera pamtunda kumaonekera patatha masiku 8-10 mutabzala.
Zimaonekera, zidazo zimawoneka bwino, patatha masiku angapo filimuyo ikhoza kuchotsedwa. Pamene chimbudzi chimauma, mbande zimaperedwa ndi madzi ofunda. M'masiku oyambirira, kutentha kwa mkati kumadutsa madigiri 16, ndiye kuti akhoza kukwezedwa ku 25-27.
Usiku, ndi zofunika kuti tipeze kutentha kwakukulu, njira yabwino - 14 madigiri 14-16. Madontho a tsiku ndi tsiku amalimbitsa mphukira zazing'ono, mbande sizingatengedwe, kukulitsa mphamvu za maluwa.
Pano pali chithunzi choyendetsa pang'onopang'ono cha kufesa ma birplant kwa mbande:
Malangizo kwa biringanya mbande
Kuti kulima mbande zamphamvu ndi chitetezo chabwino chidzakwaniritsa njira yachilendo. Mbeu zowuma zimabzalidwa m'nthaka molingana ndi ndondomekoyi. Ndiye Pamwamba pa nthaka imadulidwa, imaphwanyika pang'ono ndipo imakhala ndi ufa ndi chisanu.
Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito chisanu choyera bwino chomwe chimasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku udzu kapena mabedi.
Pakati pa kutentha, imatulutsa bwino nthaka. Pambuyo pake, chidebecho ndi mbande chimachotsedwa kutentha kwa kumera.
Mbeu zisanayambe kuthiridwa pansi pa chisanu sizinabzalidwe. Iwo ndi abwino kwambiri wowonjezera kutentha nyengo popanda lakuthwa kutentha dontho. Musanadzalemo, dothi limatenthedwa mu uvuni kapena microwave, kutentha kwa nthaka ndi madigiri 26. Pambuyo poyika mbeu ndikupopera mbewu, nthaka imatha kuyikidwa mpaka kutentha mpaka majeremusi.
Ngati zomera za mitundu ingapo zidabzalidwa, zimalimbikitsidwa kuzifesa m'makaseti osiyanasiyana kapena kuziyika pazipinda zosiyana. Miphika iliyonse ingasayinidwe ndi chizindikiro chosaiwalika. Izi zidzakuthandizira kuyika mbande mu wowonjezera kutentha.
Komanso, mitundu ina ili ndi zofunikira za agrotechnical. Amasowa chinyezi, amakula msinkhu kapena mosiyana, amachedwa kuchepa.
Pali njira zina zowonjezera. Mbewu ikhoza kubzalidwa mu chinyama - kapangidwe kamene kanakonzedwa ka filimu kapena gawo lapansi pansi pa zitsamba, zoikidwa ndi pepala lamadzi onyowa. Mbewu ndi yogawanika pamapepala, pambuyo pake billet akulungidwa ndi kuikidwa pamphuno.
Mu sabata, mphukira yoyamba idzawoneka kuchokera mu mpukutuwo. Pambuyo pogwiritsidwa ntchito masamba a cotyledon, nkhono imasindikizidwa ndipo nthaka ikuwonjezeredwa. Pamene timapepala timene timayang'ana pa mbande, zomera zimabzalidwa miphika yosiyana. Njirayi ndi yabwino kumera mitundu yosauka yochedwa., lodziwika ndi kukula kochepa komanso kuchepa.
Mbeu zomwe zimabzalidwa nthawi ndizitsimikizidwe za thanzi labwino komanso zokolola zambiri. Poyesa ndi zitsulo, nthaka ikupangidwa ndi kufesa njira, mungapeze njira yabwino yowonjezera mitundu yopanda chidwi ya biringanya.
Kotero, ife tinanena za magawo onse momwe angabzalitsire eggplants kwa mbande, zomwe zinalongosola mwatsatanetsatane ndondomeko ya kufesa mbewu za eggplants kwa mbande, momwe zimayenera kubzalidwa, momwe angamweretse komanso kuti azidyetsa?
Zida zothandiza
Werengani nkhani zina zokhuza kukula ndi kusamalira mbande za biringanya:
- Njira zosiyanasiyana zolima: mu mapiritsi a peat, mu nkhono komanso pamapepala a chimbudzi.
- Zonse zomwe zimafesedwa mogwirizana ndi kalendala ya mwezi.
- Malamulo a golide akukula kuchokera ku mbewu.
- Makhalidwe a kulima m'madera osiyanasiyana a Russia: ku Urals, ku Siberia ndi ku Moscow.
- Kodi kuchita chotola ndi kuvala achinyamata mphukira.
