Calathea (lat. Calathea) ndikumangiriza zokongola za banja lachibale.
Calathea ndi wotchuka kwambiri ndi alimi a maluwa chifukwa cha mitundu yake yachilendo ndi yoyambirira.
Masamba ake ozungulira amadzaza ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mikwingwirima komanso mawanga obiriwira ndi ofiira.
Koma monga kukongola kulikonse, Calathea ndi yopanda nzeru kwambiri ndipo amafuna chidwi chenicheni. Kukula sikophweka.
Choncho, musanasankhe maluwa awa m'nyumba yanu, ndibwino kuti mudziwe bwino malamulo anu.
Calathea ali ndi mitundu yambiri yamitundu, yomwe yotchuka kwambiri ndi iyi: Calathea Crocat (safironi), Calathea Makoya, Calathea Wicha, Calathea Zebrovidina, Calathea Medallion.
Kulongosola kwa zomera
Calathea "Medallion" nthawi yomweyo imakopa diso kumwini. Ichi ndi chomera chokongola kwambiri chodabwitsa. Masamba ake ali a mitundu iwiri: gawo lawo lakumtunda ndi lobiriwira mdima ndi mitsempha yambiri yamphongo pamwamba pake, ndipo gawo lachimake ndi lofiirira.
Zosiyanasiyanazi ndi zosaoneka bwino. M'maŵa, madzulo, mbale zake zamasamba zimatsika pansi, ndipo madzulo amanyamuka, monga duwa limasonyeza mtundu wake.
Chithunzi
Kuwonekera ndi Calathea "Medallion" ingapezeke mu chithunzi pansipa:
Kusamalira kwanu
Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane malamulo a chisamaliro kunyumba kwa Calatea Medallion.
Ndibwino kuti mukule
Mtundu uwu wa calathea ndi cholengedwa chofatsa. Choncho, "Medallion" ikulimbikitsidwa kuti ikule kunyumba panyumba yotentha ndi dzuwa.
Sikoyenera kuika duwa pa khonde m'nyengo yachilimwe kapena kupita nayo kumunda wa mpweya wabwino.
Kudulira zomera
Pali kutsutsana kwakukulu podziwa ngati kuli koyenera kudula maluwa kuti apange korona wokongola kapena ayi.
THANDIZANI! Calatheum imafunika kudulidwa pokhapokha mutayikidwa. Apo ayi, maluwa angafe!
Pakumera kuchokera ku chomera, m'pofunika kudula masamba akale ndi ouma, mizu siingakhudzidwe. Mikanda (tsamba) yomwe idzadulidwe iyenera kukhala yotetezedwa mwaiii mu hydrogen peroxide.
Kuunikira
Chomeracho chikufunikira kuunikira kokwanira. Kuwala kuyenera kukhala kofewa, kusokonezeka. M'nyengo yozizira, m'pofunika kuti mthunzi ukhale maluwa, osalola kuti dzuwa liwonekere.
Kutentha kwa dzuwa kumawononga masamba achifundo, kuphimba pamwamba ndi mawanga ofiira.
Kupanda kuunikira kungakhudze mtundu wosiyanasiyana wa masamba. - zimakhala zobiriwira ndipo zimawonongeka.
M'nyengo yozizira, Calathea Medallion imafuna kuunikira kwina kokonzanso.
Ma lamphamvu ogwiritsira ntchito magetsi, omwe amathandiza kuti tsikulo likhale lowala, lidzakhala loyenera.
Kalatea ili bwino pafupi ndiwindo likuyang'ana kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo.
Kutentha
Ndi maluwa a thermophilic. Kutentha kwakukulu mu chilimwe ndi 20-24 madigiri, m'nyengo yozizira - 18-20. Ndikofunika kuteteza kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha ndi zojambula zomwe Calathea salola.
Kuthirira
Kuwonjezera ndi kusowa madzi kumakhala kovulaza kwambiri pa kukongola kwa calathea. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kutsatira chiyeso. M'nyengo yotentha, kumwa madzi kumakhala kochulukira ndipo kumachitika nthawi yomweyo, dothi lokwera pamwamba litangoyamba. M'nyengo yozizira - nthawi zambiri, kamodzi pa sabata.
Pofuna kuteteza kusungunuka kwa chinyontho mu mphika, m'pofunika kudzala duwa lopanda nthaka.
Mu kutentha kwa mbewu muyenera kuthirira nthawi zambiri ndi madzi otentha.
THANDIZANI! Monga zomera zonse za banja la maranths, Calathea ndizomwe zimakhala ndi mvula yambiri. Choncho, m'chilimwe, ndibwino kuyika phokoso la maluwa ndi duwa pa phokoso ndi chonyowa kukonzedwa dongo madzi!
Kubzala ndi kuziika zomera
Chikole cha Calathea kukula "Medallion" ndi maluwa ake ambiri ndi gawo losankhidwa bwino.
Odziŵa bwino alimi amalangiza zotsatirazi:
- masamba - 2 hours;
- mchenga - ora limodzi;
- peat - maola awiri
Pofuna kuti nthaka ikhale yotsegula, makala ochepa akhoza kuwonjezedwa kunthaka.
Pansi pa mphika amayikidwa mzere wothira madzi akudothi.
Kuloledwa kawirikawiri kumawononga calathea.
Mitengo ya anthu akuluakulu imaikidwa kamodzi pakatha zaka ziwiri;
Ikani maluwa mosamala kwambiri, osayesa kuwononga mizu.
Ndikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito "njira yosamutsira" (dothi lakale ladothi lozungulira mizu siliwonongedwa, koma likuyikidwa mumphika watsopano, voids kuzungulira ili ndi gawo lapansi latsopano).
Phika ayenera kukhala ofanana ndi mizu. Mphamvu zambiri zingayambitse kuyamwa kwa nthaka kusakaniza ndi mizu yovunda.
Nthawi yoyenera kwambiri yoikiranso ndikumapeto kwa kasupe.
THANDIZANI! Sitiyenera kukhala ndi laimu m'nthaka yokonza Calathea! Izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa pamene kugula kusakaniza kokonzeka m'sitolo.
Kuswana
Mungathe kufalitsa calathea m'njira zitatu:
- Chigawo cha Rhizome. Kawirikawiri njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chomera.
Rhizome imagawidwa m'magulu angapo ndi mpeni kapena manja. Ndikofunika kuti ndondomeko iliyonse ikhale ndi masamba ndi mizu yambiri. Pambuyo pagawilo, ndondomeko iliyonse imabzalidwa mu nthaka yochepa yomwe ili ndi peat ndi mchenga (1: 1).Miphika yapamwamba yokhala ndi thumba la pulasitiki kapena mtsuko wa galasi kuti apange wowonjezera kutentha ndikuyika malo otentha. Chotsani chovala pambuyo pa maonekedwe a masamba oyambirira.
- Cuttings. Njira yobalera pogwiritsira ntchito stem cuttings imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.
Pachifukwachi, cuttings pafupifupi 12-15 masentimita yaitali ndi mfundo imodzi ndipo masamba angapo amaikidwa mu mchenga-peat osakaniza (1: 1) ndipo amaikidwa pamalo otentha, ophimbidwa ndi polyethylene kapena akhoza pamwamba.Dulani zidutswazo kuti zikhale zowonongeka. Zophimbazo zimachotsedwa pambuyo pa kubzala mitengo.
- Mbewu. Kalatea ikhoza kufalitsidwa ndi mbewu.
Pachifukwachi, mbewuyi imayikidwa pansi, imagwedezeka ndi galasi ndipo imasiya milungu ingapo mpaka kumera.
Nthaŵi ndi nthawi galasi imatulutsidwa kuti ipumire mpweya. Mbeu zowera zimayikidwa mozama mu nthaka (1 cm).
Mbande zotuluka zimabzalidwa mosiyana ndi miphika yaing'ono.
Njirayi ndi yovuta, makamaka kwa novice florists. Mbewu sizimamera, mbande zambiri zimafooka ndikufa, choncho ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira ziwiri zapitazo za calathea.
Feteleza
Chomeracho chiyenera kudya. Pakuti feteleza zamadzimadzizi ndizoyenera zowonongeka ndi zokongola zomera. Calatheu amachulukitsidwa mu nyengo ya chilimwe 1 nthawi mu masiku 10-15, m'nyengo yozizira osati kamodzi pamwezi.
Matenda
Maonekedwe a bulauni pa masamba
Izi zimachitika kawiri pazifukwa ziwiri: kutentha kwa dzuwa ndi madzi. Ndibwino kuti mutengere Kalatu ndikusintha madzi okwanira.
Zowuma ndi zophimbidwa masamba
Chilala, madzi okwanira, kutsika kwa mpweya. Nthawi zambiri zimafunika kupopera mbewuyo ndi madzi ofunda ndi otentha, chifukwa ozizira ndi madzi ovuta akhoza kukhala chifukwa cha mphiri wouma pa tsamba la masamba.
Masamba owuma ayenera kuchotsedwa maluwa. Mphepete mwouma iyeneranso kudula, mosamalitsa, kuti asawononge mbali yamoyo ya pepala.
Ngati maluwawo ndi owuma, musafulumire kutaya kunja, chotsani mizu mu mphika ndikuyang'ane.
Ngati mizu ili yatsopano ndi yathanzi, ikanikitseni mu chidebe chatsopano, madzi mu nthaka ndipo pakapita kanthawi ziphuphu zatsopano ziziwonekera.
Masamba owuma ndi opotoka amanenanso za tizilombo toonongeka ndi thrips..
Muyenera kufufuza mosamala mkati mwa pepala. Ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tipezeka, tithandizeni kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Masamba achikasu
Kuwala kowala kwambiri mu chipindacho kapena chomera chimakhala ndi zojambula. Malo a Calathea mkati mwa chipinda ndikuwonetsa khalidwe lake.
Tizilombo
Kawirikawiri, Calathea "Medallion" imayambidwa ndi akangaude ndi thrips. Maonekedwe a tizilombo tavulazi amachititsa kuti mpweya wouma kwambiri mu chipinda. Zizindikiro za zilonda zikhoza kuoneka ndi maso:
- Kangaude mite - chiwindi choyera choyera choyera chimawonekera pa masamba, chomera chimafota ndipo chimatha, masamba ake akugwa;
- Kupuma - nthawi zambiri amakhala pamkati mwa masamba omwe amawathira masamba, amawadya kuchokera mkati. Choyamba, chiwongoladzanja chikuwoneka pamwamba pa pepala, ndipo nthawi ikasintha mtundu, imalira, imaphuka, imapanga dzenje.
Njira yolimbana ndi majeremusi : Pukutani masamba a chomeracho ndi madzi osupa (madzi, sopo yotsuka), kenaka musamalidwe ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Pambuyo pokonza, duwa liyenera kudyetsedwa (pambuyo pa masiku 5-6).
Kusamalira capriciousness Kalatea si zophweka, koma khama lonse lidzalipidwa pamene chomera chokongola kwambiri chokongola chikukula mu nyumba yanu.
