Stefanotis - chisamaliro chakunyumba, chithunzi. Kodi ndizotheka kukhala kunyumba

Stephanotis (Stephanotis) - maluwa obiriwira wokongola wochokera ku banja Dovnovnye. Chomera chosatha chinawonekera pachilumba cha Madagascar. Kuthengo, komwe kumapezeka nkhalango zamvula za China, Malaysia. Stefanotis imakula mwachangu, chaka chilichonse imakulitsa kutalika kwa matenthedwe ndi 60 cm.Chilengedwe, chimatha kufikira 6 m, kunyumba sichikulira kupitirira mita 1. Zomera zimamera mu Meyi, ndipo ma inflorescence otuwa ngati chilimwe amangozizira maluwa. Nthawi zina maluwa amabwerezedwa mu September.

Chubu cholimba cha duwa chovekedwa korona ngati korona wokhala ndi 5 petals. Iliyonse imafanana ndi khutu la nkhumba. Kuyerekeza ndi nyama kunapereka dzina lalikulu la duwa. Mawu oti stefanotis ali ndi mawu achi Greek ndipo amatanthauzira kuti "korona wamakutu." Fungo lonunkhira bwino komanso mawonekedwe a nyenyeziwo akufanana ndi jasmine. Mayanjano ndi ichi komanso komwe chomera chidathandizira kutuluka kwa dzina lina la stefanotis - Madagascar jasmine.

Zizindikiro ngati stefanotis ali kunyumba

Stefanotis ndi chomera chomwe chimayambitsa zizindikiro zotsutsana. Amakhulupirira kuti ngati m'nyumba momwe mtsikanayo mumakhala, kuyika maluwa, sadzakwatiranso. Nthawi yomweyo, akwati ambiri, akuyenda pansi kanjira, amakongoletsa kansalu ndi stephanotis ndikuphatikizira phwando lawo labwino kwambiri. Imachepetsa kusamvana kwamkati, kukonza momwe zinthu ziliri mnyumbamo, kubweretsa mtendere ndi mgwirizano mkati mwake. Duwa lonunkhira limatulutsa malingaliro abwino, limapangitsa kuti anthu otsekeka atseguke.

Mawonekedwe akukula kunyumba. Mwachidule

Kusunga Stefanotis kunyumba sikophweka nthawi zonse, koma muyenera kuyesetsa kuti mbewuyo ikhale yabwino kunyumba. Mulingo woyenera wopezeka ndi:

Mukamasankha duwa, munthu ayenera kuganizira zovuta zakumera kwa Stefanotis. Kupanga maluwa ambiri, nthawi yozizira, masamba atsopano akaikidwa, mbewuyo imayikidwa m'malo abwino komanso os madzi ambiri. Pofika mwezi, kutentha kwa zinthu kumawonjezereka. Chipindacho chimakhala ndi mpweya wokwanira, koma osayandikira kukonzekera.

Duwa limamera pathandizo lodalirika kapena ngati chomera cham'mera mumdengu lopachikika. Kudulira ofooka mphukira kumachitika pafupipafupi, okwanira nthambi zina amafupikitsidwa ndi 1/3. Pambuyo pakupanga masamba, mbewu imasamalidwa mosamalitsa, osayikonzanso, pena masamba adzagwa.

Kusamalira stefanotis kunyumba. Mwatsatanetsatane

Sizovuta kukula dimba la Stefanotis kunyumba. Chomera chofunda chomwe chadzalidwa mumphika chikuyesayesa kuti chizolowere mpweya wouma ndi mpweya wochepa mchipindacho. Izi sizipambana nthawi zonse. Wodziwika bwino maluwa ayenera kudziwa zokonda za maluwa ndikulenga malo oyenerera, ndiye kuti ziwonekera mu ulemerero wake wonse.

Maluwa

Maluwa a stephanotis ndichinthu chopitilira. Ngati mbewuyo idakhala nthawi yozizira m'chipinda chozizira, kuthirira inali yochepa, imatha kuphuka kwa nthawi yayitali, kufalitsa fungo labwino m'nyumba yonseyo. Nthawi zambiri, masamba ophatikizira a Stefanotis amatuluka mu Meyi ndipo limamasuwa nthawi yonse yotentha. Ndi chisamaliro chabwino, funde lachiwiri la maluwa limawonedwa mu Seputembala.

Maluwa ang'onoang'ono opanga ma ambulera inflorescence amatha kukhala oyera, kirimu, violet, chikasu. Ma corollas okhala ndi mawonekedwe asanu ooneka bwino amachititsa maluwa ofanana ndi a jasmine. Limamasula pokhapokha mizu yake itaphimba chakudya chadothi, mu chidebe chofiyacho chomera sichingakhale pachimake.

Njira yotentha

Kuwona kayendedwe ka kutentha ndikofunikira kuti chomera chikhale bwino komanso maluwa ake. M'nyengo yozizira, stefanotis kunyumba imasungidwa kutentha kwa + 14 - 16 ° C. Pakadali pano, maluwa atsopano amayikidwa, ngati kutentha kwake kuli kokulirapo, maluwa sangachitike.

Jasmine wa mkati amaikidwa pambali pa mabatire kapena zotchingira kutentha zimayikidwa pa iwo. M'nyengo yotentha, mbewuyo imakhala yabwino + 16 - 25 ° C, sakonda kutenthetsa. M'masiku otentha komanso nthawi yotentha, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira chinyezi m'chipindacho. Iye ayenera kukhala wamtali.

Chomera chimatetezedwa kukapendekeka komanso kugwa kwamphamvu.

Kuwaza

Home stephanotis simalola chinyezi chochepa. Kununkhira kumathandiza mbewuyo kukhalabe yotentha. M'chilimwe, duwa limaphulika mpaka kanayi pa sabata. Mutha kusinthanitsa mbewuzo ndi malo ozungulira masana.

Mphika wamaluwa umayikidwa mu poto wokhala ndi miyala yothira. Gwiritsani ntchito zoziziritsa kukhosi. Mtsinje wotseguka wamadzi umayikidwa pafupi ndi chomeracho. M'nyengo yozizira, mutha kuchita popanda kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kapena kuwononga nthawi yambiri.

Kuwala

Kuti stephanotis ichite bwino ndikusangalala, chisamaliro chanyumba chimalimbikitsa kupereka chidwi chachikulu pakuwunika kwa chipindacho. Chomera cham'malo otentha chimakonda kuyatsa kowala. Kupanda kuwala kumakhudza mawonekedwe ake, kukula ndi maluwa. Pazenera loyang'ana kumpoto, a liana amalandila pang'ono.

Kuti mupange kufupika kwake, muyenera kuwala. Kumbali yakumwera, duwa liyenera kuzunguliridwa kuti lizitetezere ku dzuwa. Chomera chimalandira kuwala kokwanira pazenera loyang'ana kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo. Mu nyengo yamitambo, nthawi yozizira ndi yophukira, ndikofunikira kuphatikiza phytolamp.

Kuthirira

Chomerachi ndi chosakanizira, koma kuthirira chikuyenera kukhala chopatsa mphamvu. Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, imathiriridwa mpaka katatu pa sabata, m'dzinja ndi nthawi yozizira - 1 nthawi 1, masabata 5. Pakati pa kuthirira, gawo loyambira la gawo lapansi liyenera kuwuma pang'ono. Kuchuluka chinyezi kumatsogolera ku zowola, kufa kwa duwa. Kuchokera pakusowa kwake, masamba ayambauma, tizirombo tioneka.

Stefanotis imafunikira pamtundu wamadzi. Monga mbewu zina, mumakonda madzi otentha otetezedwa bwino. Koma mutha kuthirira ndi madzi abwino nthawi zonse: imalepheretsa kukula, kutsitsa kamvekedwe ka mbewu, kamene kamakhudza mawonekedwe ake. Chifukwa chake, kamodzi pamwezi, madzi othirira amaphatikizidwa ndi citric acid kapena madzi (0, 2 g kapena 3-5 akutsikira pa lita imodzi yamadzi).

Mphika

Mphesa utafalikira, mphukira zomwe zimakhazikika zimabzalidwa m'miphika yaying'ono, yomwe mainchesi ake ndi masentimita 5. Pambuyo pake, poto imasankhidwa, poganizira kukula kwa duwa. Pafupifupi mumphika uliwonse watsopano umakulitsidwa pafupifupi masentimita awiri poyerekeza ndi awiri apatsogolo pake.

Zomera zazikulu zimabzalidwa mumiphika ndi mainchesi 15 mpaka 20. Pogula poto wa stephanotis, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mumphika wofalikira kwambiri mbewuyo singakhale pachimake.

Payenera kukhala dzenje lakutsikira pansi pamphika.

Dothi

Dothi la stefanotis lingagulidwe kapena kupangidwa ndi inu nokha. Chinthu chachikulu ndi nthaka iyenera kukhala chinyezi- komanso kupuma. Chizindikiro chofunikira cha dothi labwino ndi kufalikira kwake, kusakhala mbali kapena kufooka kwa asidi.

Kuti tikonzere dothi tokha, tengani sod, deciduous and humus nthaka m'malo ofanana. Kusakaniza kumakonzedwa ndi mchenga kapena perlite, moss wosweka, tchipisi cha njerwa zimawonjezeredwa.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Feteleza ndi kuthira manyowa ndizothandiza pakukula kwa maluwa ndi mbewu. Amayamba kudyetsa kuyambira koyambirira kwa Marichi, nthawi yopuma ikatha. Mpaka katatu pamwezi gwiritsani ntchito feteleza wamadzi ponseponse pazomera zamaluwa, kuchepetsedwa kawiri.

Pamene masamba oyamba akuwonekera, mlingo wa feteleza wa nayitrogeni umachepetsedwa, pomwe feteleza wa potash ndi phosphorous ukuwonjezeka.

Stefanotis amadyetsedwa mpaka pakati pa Okutobala, pambuyo pake amayamba kukonzekera hibernation.

Thirani

Kuyika kwa Stefanotis kumachitika nthawi zonse. Kuchulukitsa kwa zimatengera zaka zamaluwa. Zomera zazing'ono - mpaka 2 wazaka - zimasinthidwa kawiri pachaka; akuluakulu - chaka chilichonse. Chochitika choposa zaka 5 sichidapangidwe; Poika mbewu, amayesa kuti asawononge dothi.

Chifukwa chake, pofuna kuteteza mbewu ku mavuto ena, imasunthidwa mosamala mumphika watsopano. Ngati mizu yawonongeka mwangozi, sinthani kuthirira, ndikuchotsa mizu ndi madzi. Duwa lowonongeka limapopera nthawi zambiri. Chomera chofesedwa ndi dothi latsopano chimalandira chakudya chochuluka, chomwe chidzagwiritsidwa ntchito pakatha milungu iwiri ndi itatu.

Pakadali pano, kudyetsa sikuchitika; Stefanotis samasanjidwa nthawi yamaluwa. Madzi a chomeracho amayambitsa ziwopsezo, chifukwa chake muyenera kuchita nawo mosamala, mumavala magolovesi.

Kudulira

Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, nthawi yopuma itatha, kudulira kumachitika. Kudulira kumathandizanso kukonzanso chomera, kusintha mawonekedwe ake, kukhalabe chokongoletsera. Tsinde lalikulu silisokonezedwa, mphukira zam'mbali zokha ndizomwe zimadulidwa - 1/3 kutalika kwawo.

Mukapanda kuwerengera komanso kuyambiranso, zimapweteka kwa nthawi yayitali. Nthambi zofooka ndi zazitali zimachotsedwa. Ngati kudulira kumachitika moyenera, inflorescence yobisalira imawoneka pamasamba osinthidwa.

Kukongoletsa kwa Stephanotis

Stefanotis ndi mtengo wokongola wamaluwa. Mu chilengedwe, mmera umakula pokhapokha ngati mphukira zake zazitali zimatambasulira kumtunda, ndikukwawa kukhala anansi amphamvu - mitengo, zitsamba. Molimba mokhazikika pazomera zapafupi, stefanotis imamva bwino, yomwe imatsimikiziridwa ndi mphukira zamphamvu zamaluwa ndi maluwa opepuka. Ngati mulibe chithandizo pafupi, mphukirawo imangokhala wopanda moyo, imatembenuka chikasu ndikufa.

Atagula chomera, wolima maluwa ayenera kusamalira chokhazikika chokhazikika, chomwe chimathandizira kumtunda. Njira yovomerezeka kwambiri ndi chimango chopingidwa bwino chopangidwa ndi waya kapena ndodo yopyapyala. Ndibwino ngati thandizo lili lokwera komanso lachitatu.

Chojambulachi chimayikidwa mu chidebe chokhala ndi duwa, chozama ndikuchuluka kuti chilimire. Kenako, mwaudongo komanso okongola, amadziphimba mozungulira mpesawo, ndikupanga mphukira momwe mungakondere. "Kusewera" ndi mawonekedwe othandizira, mutha kupanga zokongoletsera zamaluwa, makamaka zosangalatsa panthawi ya maluwa.

Nthawi yopumula

Mu stephanotis, nthawi yopuma imatha kuyambira pakati pa Novembala mpaka pakati pa Okutobala. Zomera panthawiyi zimasungidwa pa + 14 - 16 ° C komanso chinyezi chowoneka bwino kuti chikonzekere maluwa abwino.

Kuvala kwapamwamba kuyambira pakati pa Okutobala kumayimitsidwa kuti kukhetsa maluwa. Mu theka lachiwiri la February, kudyetsa kumayambidwanso pang'ono ndi pang'ono, mbewuyo imazolowera pang'onopang'ono kuwala komanso kutentha.

Kuswana

Kubalanso kwa stefanotis mchipinda momwemo kumachitika ndi njira ya masamba (kudula) ndikubzala mbewu.

Kukula kwa Stefanotis kuchokera ku mbewu

Mwina, mukagula mbewu m malo ogulitsira, nthawi zambiri sangakhwime kunyumba.

• Pambuyo pokonza njira ya potaziyamu permanganate, mbewu zimafesedwa mu chisakanizo cha mchenga-kuya ndikuya kuya kwa 1 cm.
• Madzi ochokera botolo lothira.
• Patulani ndi dothi ndikusiya pansi pagalasi pa + 21 ° C kuti zimere.
• Pambuyo masiku 14, mphukira wansangala akawonekera, galasi limachotsedwa.
• Masamba awiri enieni akaoneka, mbewuzo amazika mumiphika ingapo.

Kufalikira kwa stefanotis ndi odulidwa

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, chifukwa njirayi siothandiza kokha, komanso yachangu.

• Kuti mupeze mizu, tengani masamba odulidwa omwe ali ndi masamba atatu kapena anayi.
• Pambuyo pogwira kwa maola angapo mu yankho la chowongolera mapangidwe a mizu, phesi limayikidwa mumchenga wosakanikirana ndi peat, ndikukula ndikufika 2 cm.
• Mmera umakutidwa ndi filimu kapena kapu ya pulasitiki, ndikupanga mabowo angapo kuti mbewuyo "ipume".
• Pakatha masiku pafupifupi 30, mizu yake imawonekera.
• Masiku angapo pambuyo pake, pamene zodulidwa zimazika mizu, zimabzyala m'nthaka.
• Pomwe mbewuyo imazika mizu, imasungidwa m'malo otetezeka.

Stefanotis imafalikira nthawi zonse kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, ngakhale atasankhidwa bwanji. Mukafalitsa ndi zodula, zitheka kusunga mawonekedwe ambewuyo.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Mosamala, chomera chimakula bwino, koma nthawi zina matenda ndi tizirombo timagwera pa stefanotis. Izi ndizowonekera pazizindikiro zakunja zomwe zimawononga mawonekedwe a mbewu:

• pamakhala ndi masamba crum - pali kuwala pang'ono, m'malovu am'madzi mukapopera, kuyanika dothi, kusunthira mumphika nthawi ya maluwa (kusunthira kumalo owala; kusamala madzi ndi kutsanulira; kutsanulira madzi ambiri; musasinthe mawonekedwe a poto nthawi yamaluwa);
• masamba chikufuna ndi kuda - mbewuyo ndi yozizira (ikonzanso pamalo otentha);
• ikukula pang'onopang'ono - kusowa kwa michere (chakudya);
• masamba mchiba kutembenukira chikasu - kuthirira ndi madzi olimba, kuwala pang'ono, kuzizira kwa chomera, kusunthika kwa chinyezi mumphika (madzi othirira kuti ateteze, kuwonjezera 0,2 g wa citric acid kapena madontho 3-5 a mandimu mu 0,5 l madzi; akonzenso m'malo otentha owala; pangani ochepa ngalande zamadzi pansi pa mphika);
• maluwa amatembenuka - kuthirira kosakwanira (kuthirira madzi, ndikusintha kuthirira);
• chikasu-madontho a bulauni pamasamba - Kuchulukitsa kwa chowala chowala (chitani cheza masana kapena kukonzanso m'malo opepuka);
• mawanga amaso pamasamba - kuwala pang'ono (kukonzanso m'malo owala);

Omwe alimi ambiri amasamala za stefanotis. sichimatulutsa. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha zifukwa zingapo:

• nyengo yopuma bwino - nthawi yozizira inali yotentha, kuwala kambiri, duwa limadyetsedwa bwino kapena kambiri madzi;
• maluwa ndi masamba amaponyedwa - mkati mwa maluwa, stephanotis adapangidwanso, natembenukira kumayeso mbali inayo;
• maluwa osayenda bwino - kuwala pang'ono kapena michere;
• kupatsidwa zina nthawi ya maluwa - kupanikizika kawiri pachomera;
• mphika wokulirapo - wa maluwa, mizu iyenera kuphimba dziko lapansi.

Tizilomboti timaphatikizapo nsabwe za m'masamba, nthata za akangaude, tizilombo tambiri, mealybugs. Chomera chothandizidwacho chimathandizidwa ndi tizilombo.

Mitundu ya stephanotis yakunyumba yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Mitundu 15 imadziwika. Mtundu umodzi wokha umalimidwa kwathunthu - stefanotis imakonda maluwa.

Maluwa a Stephanotis (Stephanotis floribunda)

Amatchedwanso maluwa opaka. Mpesa wa masamba obiriwira womwe ukukula mpaka 5 metres kapena kupitilira. Chachikulu (chitha kufikira kukula kwa kanjedza lamunthu). masamba obiriwira okongola ndi obiriwira achikuda. Limamasula bwino ndi maluwa oyera kapena zonunkhira za chubu. Corollas imakhala ndi miyala 5, imatha kufika 5 cm. Maluwa amasonkhanitsidwa mumaluwa otayirira. Pa mphukira imodzi, mpaka masamba 7 amatha kukula.

Stephanotis wamaluwa wamaluwa wamitundu yambiri (Stephanotis floribunda variegate)

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa a Stefanotis. Malangizo a masamba obiriwira ndi osalala. Mawonekedwe obiriwira, achikaso, oyera ndi mikwingwirima amaoneka osiyana ndi masamba obiriwira a tsamba.

Stefanotis sichikupezeka kawirikawiri m'nyumba: posankha chomera, wamaluwa amaletsedwa ndi mawonekedwe ake osangalatsa. Koma zovuta zonse zokulira ndi ntchito zapakhomo zimapindulira ndi maluwa okongola komanso fungo labwino la alendo ochokera kumalo otentha.