Chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kuphika, anthu ambiri amadzifunsa momwe angamere nkhaka pa loggias kuti athe kudyedwa chaka chonse.
Choncho, nkhaniyi ikufotokoza momwe, komanso kuti ndi liti yomwe ingakwaniritsidwe.
Oyenera mitundu ya nkhaka kuti kukula mu mabotolo
Ndibwino kuti mukhale m'nyengo yozizira kapena kumayambiriro kwa kasupe kuti mutenge makasitomala ndi nkhaka mwakula nokha ... khonde kapena loggia. Komabe, musanakuuzeni momwe mungamerekere nkhaka mu mabotolo apulasitiki, muyenera choyamba kunena kuti si mitundu yonse kapena hybrids ili yoyenera izi.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti pa loggia kapena khonde, ngati ali ndi mazira, palibe mphepo ndipo palibenso njuchi zomwe zingapangidwe mungu. Ndipo popanda pollination, palibe ovary, palibe ovary - ndipo palibe kukolola. Choncho, kukula nkhaka pa khonde, ndibwino kuti mukhale ndi pollinating kapena, monga iwo amatchedwanso, parthenocarpic mitundu kapena hybrids. Izi, mwachitsanzo, zinyama zotere za nkhaka, monga "April", "Buyan", "German", "Brownie". Koma ngati mukufuna kukhala nokha pa ntchito ya njuchi, pogwiritsira ntchito thonje, muyenera kupeza mbewu za cucumber saladi - "Pickling", "Brigadier", "Phoenix", "Kustovoy" ndi ena.
Kukula nkhaka m'munda, ziyenera kuzindikiranso zabwino za "oyandikana nawo": nyemba, katsabola, broccoli, udzu winawake, Peking kabichi, letesi, radishes, beets, katsitsumzukwa, sipinachi ndi anyezi.
Momwe mungasankhire malo oti mukule
Komabe, chilakolako chofuna kubzala nkhaka mu botolo la lita zisanu sichikwanira. Pano mufunikanso kudziwa zikhalidwe za chikhalidwe ngati nkhaka. Kotero, makamaka, nkhaka ndi wosakhwima chikhalidwe chomwe chikuwopa kukonza ndi kuzizira. Ndipo chotero, kuti mukule nkhaka pa khonde lanu, ilo liyenera kuti likhale lokonzanso pang'ono.
Mukudziwa? Wolemba mbiri wina wa ku Germany dzina lake Max Fasmer mu dikishonale yotchedwa etymological, amasonyeza kuti dzina la "nkhaka" limakongoletsedwa kuchokera pakati pa chi Greek, momwe "ἄωρος" amatanthauza "chosapsa", ndiko kuti, masambawa amadyedwa mu mawonekedwe osapsa.
Nkhaka ndi chomera cha nthawi yayitali, choncho si malo okha omwe amafunika kuti zonse ziwalidwe ndi dzuwa, koma kuwonjezeranso kuunika kumafunikanso. Chomeracho sichikhoza kupangidwira, kotero muyenera kuyatsa mini-hothouse yanu. Chabwino, onetsetsani kuti nthawi zonse mumalowetsa chipinda.
Mbali za kukula m'mabotolo, momwe mungabzalidwe chomera
Musanadzalemo nkhaka mu mabotolo asanu-lita, muyenera kukonzekera mabotolo omwewo. Kwenikweni, aliyense amatenga mabotolo amadzi ozizira, koma mabotolo obiriwira kapena ofiira angagwiritsidwe ntchito pobzala nkhaka.
Kukonzekera botolo
Kuti nkhaka pa khonde ikhale bwino m'mabotolo apulasitiki, chidebecho chiyenera kukonzekera molondola. Chidebe choyenera kwambiri chidzakhala botolo la pulasitiki wamba, mphamvu yomwe ilipo malita 5 malita. Botolo iyi iyenera kudulidwa ku 2/3. Kuti mutenge mdulidwe, mukhoza kuyamba kujambula mzere pozungulira chilemba ndikudula.
Ndipo popeza m'mphepete mwa botolo lodula ndi lakuthwa, muyeneranso kukhazikitsa chitetezo kuti nkhaka zisawonongeke m'tsogolomu. Kuteteza pamphepete mwa botolo kungapangidwe kuchokera ku payipi yamba yowonda yothandizira, pulojekiti ya zachipatala, komanso kuchokera ku chubu. Pulogalamuyi iyenera kudulidwa mbali imodzi kutalika kwake ndi kuika pamphepete mwa botolo.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kuti piritsi lotetezera lili pamunsi mwa botolo, likadula, lisadulidwe, ndilofunikira koyamba kutambasula mapewa onse awiriwo ndi kuikonza ndi misomali.
Momwe mungakonzekeretse nthaka yobzala
Nthaka ya nkhaka pa khonde iyenera kukhala yapamwamba kwambiri komanso ndi kuwonjezera kwa zovuta feteleza. Mu sitolo iliyonse ya wamaluwa ndi wamaluwa amalonda ogulitsidwa okonzeka, makamaka opangidwa mu matumba apulasitiki osiyana siyana. Ubwino wa kusakaniza uku ndikulinganiza bwino. 
Koma mutha kukonzekera pansi. Kuti muchite izi, tengani manyowa, malo a sod, peat, utuchi ndi phulusa mumtundu wofanana. Kenaka yonjezerani potashi, nayitrogeni ndi phosphate feteleza (5 g aliyense) kwa osakaniza ndi kusakaniza bwino. Komanso m'nthaka yosakaniza, mukhoza kuwonjezera 1 gawo la mchenga woumba, vermiculite kapena perlite, kuti mupereke nthaka airiness ndi kuwonjezera mphamvu zake za madzi.
Mbewu yokonzekera kubzala
Posakhalitsa musanafese, yang'anani mbewu zogulidwa. Zonse zopanda kanthu ziyenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo ndi zofunika kuti muzitha kuchiza chabwino ndi chodzaza ndi mankhwala otsekemera a pinki a sodium permanganate.
Ngati mu phukusi mumapeza mbewu za nkhaka kale zojambula mu lalanje, zobiriwira, buluu kapena mtundu wina, mbewu zotere sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi "potassium permanganate", monga momwe zagwiritsidwira kale ndi chipangizo chapadera.
Chiwembu chodzala nkhaka mu botolo la pulasitiki
Kukula bwino kwa nkhaka m'mabotolo asanu ndi asanu ndi awa: Tengani mbeu 3-5 za nkhaka ndikuzikulitsa mu nthaka yonyowa kwa masentimita 2-3. Masamba odzala akhoza kukhala pang'onopang'ono, mu bwalo kapena mu kachitidwe ka checkerboard. Lembani malowa ndi nthaka, sungani pang'ono ndi dzanja lanu kapena spatula ndikutsanulira modzichepetsa madzi otentha.
Mukudziwa? M'chiSanskrit, dzina la ndiwo zamasamba "nkhaka" amadziwika ndi dzina la Prince Bout wotchuka kuchokera ku India. Malinga ndi nthano, Bout anali ndi ana zikwi makumi asanu ndi limodzi, ndiye chifukwa chake ankaonedwa kuti ndi wodalirika komanso "wochuluka."
Kodi kusamalira nkhaka m'mabotolo
Pambuyo kufesa, pezani botolo ndi kudula gawo popanda kapu (kwa mpweya wabwino). Nkhaka ndi zomera zomwe zimamvetsera kutentha, choncho musanayambe kumera pa khonde ndikofunikira kukhalabe kutentha pa 25-30 ° C, ndipo usiku kuti mukhale ndi 20 ° C. Nthaŵi ndi nthawi, muyenera kumasula nthaka ndikukweza namsongole. Madzi monga nthaka imauma.
Mapangidwe a Lash
Inde, kukula nkhaka m'mabotolo ndi kosavuta komanso kopindulitsa, koma Kuti mukolole bwino muyenera kupanga bwino chitsamba. Ngati mwasankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nkhaka, inunso, monga lamulo, timapanga timatabwa tating'onoting'ono ta nthambi zochepa. Ndipo ngati njuchi-mungu wochokera mitundu kapena hybrids inabzalidwa, ndiye kuti amafunika kuphimba. Zachitika motere: tsamba lachitatu lakhazikika (lomwe lilipo) likuwonekera, likudulidwa kwathunthu ndi mphukira. Pafupifupi sabata kamodzi, mphukira zowonjezera zimayamba kupanga kuchokera ku axillary masamba, zomwe zidzasinthidwa mofanana.
Pawindo, mukhoza kukula zomera monga katsabola, sipinachi, scallions, savory, rosemary, arugula, basil, tarragon ndi watercress.Nkhaka ndi kukwera chomera ndipo nkofunika kumangiriza kupangidwe koyambitsa. Kuchita izi, kukoka waya pamtunda wa mamita 1.5 kuchokera pamwamba pa botolo ndi zomera. Gwirani chingwe chowongolera ku waya ndikuchigwetsa pansi, womangidwa pansi pa tsinde la nkhaka, zomwe ziyenera kupotozedwa kuzungulira chingwe kangapo.
Kuthirira
Kuthirira nkhaka kumakula nthawi zonse, kupatsidwa nthaka ya nthaka. Sikoyenera kutunga nkhaka tsiku ndi tsiku, chifukwa izi zingayambitse mizu yovunda. Pa fruiting nkhaka mwakhama amagwiritsa ntchito chinyezi, choncho panthawiyi chiwerengero cha ulimi wothirira chiyenera kuwonjezeka.
Ndikofunikira! Muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti nkhaka yomwe ili pamalo anu sagwera dzuwa, lomwe lingatenthedwe zomera.
Kupaka pamwamba
Pambuyo pa kuphuka kwa mphukira ayenera kupitirira masabata awiri, ndiyeno mukhoza kuyamba kudyetsa zomera. Zovala zapamwamba zingapangidwe motere: 5 g wa ammonium nitrate ndi magnesium sulphate, 15 g wa potaziyamu nitrate ndi 30 g wa superphosphate amatengedwa 10 malita a madzi. Ndikoyenera kudyetsa mwatcheru, onetsetsani kuti njira ya feteleza siigwera pa masamba.
Common tizirombo wa zoweta nkhaka
Kukula nkhaka m'mabotolo apulasitiki pa khonde, mwatsoka, siziteteza nthawi zonse zomera ku tizirombo. Kawirikawiri nkhaka zimakhudza akangaude, vwende nsabwe za m'masamba ndi whiteflies. 
Nkhumba zimatulutsa masamba, zomwe zimayambitsa ma marble. Kusamba madzi nthawi zonse kudzateteza zomera ku tizilombo.
Mtundu wa aphid umakhudza zipatso, maluwa ndi nkhaka ovary. Sopo yothetsera madzi imathandizira kulimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa.
Kukolola
Popeza nkhaka ndizokula kwambiri ndipo zipatso zake zimakula mofulumira, muyenera kukolola masiku awiri, ndikuletsa nkhaka kukula.
Ubwino wobzala nkhaka m'mabotolo
Ubwino wokula masamba m'mabotolo apulasitiki ndi awa:
- Tara - ndi kosavuta komanso omasuka.
- Nkhaka mu mabotolo amatenga osachepera danga chifukwa chakuti 2-3 zitsamba zingathe kukula bwino mu botolo limodzi.
- Madzi amawononga ndalama - amapita ku mizu ya nkhaka.
- Mizu yazomera imatetezedwa mokwanira ku tizilombo toononga ngati tizilombo.
- Kutsala konse kwa namsongole komwe kungapangitse kukula kwa nkhaka.
- Kusintha kwa dothi chaka ndi chaka, kotero kuti sichikumabweretsa mabakiteriya owopsa.
Nkhaka wamkulu mu mabotolo pa khonde lanu Sichidzakupatsani kukoma kokha, komanso kukhutiritsa zokondweretsa. Nkhaka zamasamba zimakukumbutsani za chilimwe ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira. Ndipo chifukwa cha zakudya zake, nkhaka imakhala imodzi mwa malo oyambirira mu zakudya za anthu akusintha zakudya zabwino, kapena omwe amadya zakudya.
