Kodi feteleza ndi kotani kwa mbatata ndi momwe angadyetsere mutabzala mu dzenje ndipo pambuyo pake?

Kukula bwino kukolola kwa mbatata sikutheka popanda kusamalidwa bwino ndikudyetsa nthawi yake. Chaka ndi chaka, kulima nyumba yake ya chilimwe, nthaka yatha ndipo woyang'anira munda ayenera kukhalabe ndi zokolola, feteleza.

Zovala zapamwamba zimathandiza kwambiri kukula mbewu. Mavuto a munthu amasankhidwa pa chomera chilichonse.

Ndi feteleza otani, ndipo muyeso wochuluka bwanji ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lapansi pamene mukukula mbatata, ganizirani mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhaniyi.

Zovala zapamwamba zamkati

Kuyambanso kukongoletsera kwa mbatata kumakonda makolo athu. Pali ubwino wosatsutsika pogwiritsira ntchito zinthu zakuthupi:

1. Ndibwino kwa mitundu yonse ya nthaka, ndipo ili ndi phindu pa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amachititsa nthaka ndi humus.
2. Nkhani yamoyo imapereka zakudya zowonjezera pang'onopang'ono, kotero kuti dothi losakanikirana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda limakhala lovuta.
3. Mbatata imalandira chakudya chamadzulo, chifukwa zinthu zambiri zomwe zimapangidwa mokongoletsera ndi zazikulu kwambiri.
4. Organic ndi yotetezeka komanso yothandiza mbewu iliyonse.
5. Mitundu imeneyi imachiza mofulumira nthaka ndipo kenako imakhala yokwanira kuti izikhalabe ndizing'ono.
6. Kuvala kotereku sikuwatsogolera ku kukula kwakukulu kwa zomera.
7. Pogwiritsira ntchito feteleza, zomera zimalandira zinthu zina zomwe zimalimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi cha chikhalidwe, chomwe chimathandiza kupewa matenda.

Kuipa:

1. M'nyengo yozizira, zinthu zakuthupi zimasiya kutulutsa zakudya m'nthaka.
2. Zimangogwira ntchito ngati pali tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'dothi lomwe lingathe kusokoneza zinthu zakuthupi.
3. Pali zigawo zina zomwe zimakhala zovuta kupeza feteleza zokhazokha ndipo chifukwa chake zimakhala zodula kuposa zamchere.

TOP-3

Mavitamini otchuka kwambiri ndiwo:

• Manyowa - Izi ndi zinyama zosapitirira. Gwiritsani ntchito ng'ombe zamphongo ndi mahatchi, kapena zitosi za nkhuku. Lili ndi potassium, nayitrogeni, phosphorus ndi calcium. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa feteleza abwino pa mbatata.
• Kompositi - muzinthu zothandiza zake sizochepa kuposa zoyamba. Zingapangidwe popanda zotsalira zamasamba. Ngati inu muwonjezera peat ku mulu wa kompositi, ndiye phindu la chakudya ichi lidzawonjezeka kwambiri.
• Phulusa - ili ndi zinthu zothandiza monga phosphorous, calcium, potaziyamu ndi zinthu zina zofotokozera. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, kuvala uku kumachepetsa kwambiri acidity padziko lapansi, ndipo izi ndi zofunika kwambiri kwa mbatata, popeza dothi la acidic silili loyenera.

Zachilengedwe (WMD): ubwino ndi zovuta

Pakalipano, pali mitundu itatu ya feteleza:

• chithunzi;
• madzi;
• zovuta.

Ubwino wa kudyetsa koteroko:

1. Chifukwa cha zinthu izi m'nthaka zimapangitsa kufotokoza zinthu zomwe zimathandiza zomera.
2. Zokolola za zomera zimachulukitsa kangapo.
3. Mavitamini amchere amatsimikizira kuchepa kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu zomwe zimapezeka mu organic.
4. Manyowawa amapangidwa ndi kuphatikiza mitundu iwiri ya kuvala ndipo amapangidwa ngati miyala, magulu, madzi ndi zowonjezera.

Mankhwala opangira mchere angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa nthaka iliyonse ndi mbewu zosiyanasiyana. Chosavuta cha kuvala izi ndi chimodzi chokha - ma complexes ndi okwera mtengo, ndipo ngati mbatata imakula pa mafakitale, mtengo wolima mbewu ukhoza kupitirira ndalama.

Mitu ndi zofotokozedwa

Dzina la mtundu uwu wa kuvala kungakhale kulikonse. Chinthu chachikulu ndichoti phukusili lalembedwa (WMD).

1. Choncho, "Mbatata" ya WMD ndi yotchuka kwambiri komanso yodziwika pakati pa wamaluwa omwe amalima mbatata.
2. Polydon Bio Pro - feteleza, organic, madzi osiyanasiyana opangira feteleza, zomwe zimayambitsa nthaka. Zolembazo zinali ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:
   • Zosangalatsa komanso zamatsenga.
   • Amino acid.
   • Tsatirani zinthu
   • Polysaccharides
   • Kukula zinthu.
3. Soljukat Plus ndi feteleza wapadera ndi amino acid ndi fulvic acid. The yogwira chigawo cha sufractan ndi 0.5%. Kumalimbikitsa kukula kwa zomera, kukulitsa nthaka ndi zigawo zothandiza.

Mineral

Ngati tiganizira mozama feteleza, zimagawidwa kuti:

• Potash.
• Asitrogeni.
• Phosphoric.

Ubwino wa zokongoletsa mchere:

1. oyenerera, koma panthawi yomweyi ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri;
2. Chifukwa cholowa m'nthaka pang'ono ndi zosakaniza;
3. kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza izi zingathe kulamulira kukula kwa zomera ndi kupanga mapangidwe;
4. yabwino kwa mtundu uliwonse wa dothi.

Kuipa:

1. mtengo wapatali wa mawonekedwe ovuta;
2. zotsatira zabwino zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse;
3. Kuwonjezera pa feteleza kumabweretsa imfa ya zomera.

Chodziwika kwambiri mu mtundu uwu wa feteleza ndi:

• Ammophos - Mu feterezayi mulibe chlorini ndi sodium, yomwe ndi yopindulitsa. Chifukwa cha kuyimba kwake koyenera, ndibwino kuti mbatata izikhala bwino.
• Diammophos - Zimakhudza chiwerengero cha kukula, zimapangitsa kuchulukitsa maluwa, fruiting, mofulumira kucha zipatso.
• Nitrophos - phosphorous, nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu, zomwe ziri mbali ya feteleza, zimatha kusintha osati kukula kokha, komanso khalidwe la mankhwala.

Mavitamini opangira mavitamini amasankhidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa nthaka ndi chomera chofunikira cha zigawo zothandiza.

Tinalemba m'nkhani yapadera yonena za feteleza zomwe zimakhala ndi feteleza zomwe zimafunika ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito molondola.

Kupaka pamwamba kwa mbatata, ikabzalidwa mu dzenje

Kodi mchere wonjezerani ndi uti wabwino kwa mbatata mukalima mu dzenje? Chinthu chachikulu ndi chofunika kwambiri pa kukula kwa mbatata ndi nayitrogeni, yomwe ili mu phulusa ndi manyowa. Komabe Manyowa abwino mukamabzala mbewu adzakhala organic complex fertilizer kuphatikizapo mchere mankhwala.

Mukamabzala, ziyenera kumveka kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbatata imayenera zakudya zambiri kuposa zaka zapakati pa nyengo.

Nthawi ya zomera kumayambiriro oyambirira ndi yoperewera ndipo panthawiyi mbewuyo ilibe nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito zakudya zonse za feteleza. Zovala zamchere zimathamanga mofulumira ndipo zimapatsa mbatata pamodzi ndi mavitamini oyenera.

Zovutazo zingakhale:

• potaziyamu sulfate - makilogalamu awiri pa zana;
• ammonium nitrate - 1 makilogalamu;
• theka la chidebe cha phulusa pa zana;
• nitrophoska - 5 makilogalamu.

Zosakaniza zimenezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji ku chitsime, popanda zizolowezi zina. Amaluwa ambiri amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza zokha pokhapokha mutabzala mbatata.

• humus - 700 g mwabwino;
• nkhuni phulusa - imodzi yokhala bwino.

Musapitirire mlingo wa feteleza mchere mukufuna kukolola bwino, kutentha kwambiri kwa nthaka ndi mankhwalawa akupha zomera.

Kuti mumve zambiri zokhudza fetereza feteleza mukamabzala dzenje, werengani pano.

Kusiya masamba atabzalidwa

Mitengo yaing'ono imasowa kumasula, kukwera ndi kudyetsa. Asanakolole mbatata ayenera kulemera ndi micronutrients. Nthawi yomaliza idyetsa chikhalidwe pakati pa mwezi wa July.

Kuwonekera kwa nsonga za mbatata kungakuuzeni zomwe feteleza muyenera kuzichita panthawiyi. Ngati nsongazo ndizobiriwira ndi zochepa, ndiye kuti mukufunika kupanga supuni 1 ya urea ndi 1.5 makapu a humus pa mita imodzi.

Masamba atangoyamba kuphulika, amatha kudya kachiwiri, komanso kudyetsa bwino mutabzala ndi zovuta: supuni ya supuni ya potaziyamu sulphate ndi supuni 3 za phulusa pa mita imodzi.

Kudyetsa komaliza kumachitika pa siteji ya tuberization. Pakati pa nthaka yakuyenera muyenera kupanga 2 tbsp. makapu a superphosphate. Ngati kukula kwa tchire kwaima, ndiye kuti mukhoza kulimbikitsa chomeracho kutaya nthaka ndi kulowetsedwa kwa madzi mullein pakati pa mizera, kuyesera kuti asakhudze pamwamba.

Zomwe zimayenera kudyetsa mbatata komanso nthawi yowonjezera.

Kutsiliza

Zomera zilizonse za m'munda zimayenera kudyetsa, mbatata ndizosiyana. Kuti mupeze zokolola zabwino muyenera kuyandikira bwino chisamaliro cha mbeu, nthawi yamsongole, spud ndi kupanga zofunikira feteleza zomera.