Mbali za kukula ndi kusamalira broom

Ndi mtundu wa Rakitnik kunyamula pafupifupi zitsamba makumi asanu ndi mitengo yaying'ono yomwe ingapezeke ku Ulaya, Africa ndi Western Siberia.

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuti azikongoletsa mchenga, komanso achikulire ngati zitsamba zokongola komanso magulu.

Kulongosola kwakukulu kwa zomera

Tsache ndi shrub yomwe ili uchi wokongola kwambirizomwe zingathe kufika mamita awiri ndi theka. Zomwe zimayambira zikhoza kukhala zosalala ndi zobiriwira, ndipo zikhoza kusindikizira ndi kusindikiza.

Amayamba kuphuka mu kasupe ndi chilimwe, ndipo mtundu wa mitundu yake ingakhale ngati woyera chikasu kapena kirimukotero ndi lilac kapena zofiira. Maluwa, omwe amafanana ndi maluwa a mtola, ali pamapazi a mphukira kapena m'madontho a masamba. Mu mitundu ina ya tsache, maluwa ali ndi fungo losangalatsa kwambiri.

Mitundu

Blotsky Tsache - Chamaecytisus blockianus

Izi ndi mitundu yosawerengeka yomwe imapezeka m'buku la Red Book ku Ukraine. Ikhozanso kupezeka mu gawo la Ulaya la Russia. Amakula pakati pa zitsamba zina ndipo ali m'mphepete mwa nkhalango zabwino kwambiri.

Pamwamba, tsache limatha kukula mpaka masentimita makumi anai. Mpaka kukula kwake, kumakula zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Blossom imayamba kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa July ndipo imamera kwa mwezi umodzi, imakopa chidwi maluwa okongola a chikasu. M'zaka khumi zoyambirira za October kucha zipatso za shrub zikupezeka.

Kumbani wamaliseche - Chamaecytisus glaber var. elongatus

Mitundu imeneyi nthawi zambiri imakula pamapiri otsetsereka kum'mwera chakum'maŵa kwa Western Europe. Kutalika kwake kuli pafupi mamita limodzi ndi theka. Nyengo yokula pa shrub yapamwamba imayamba kumapeto kwa zaka khumi zoyambirira za mwezi wa April ndipo imatha kumapeto kwa mwezi wa October.

Amakula mofulumira, ndipo amayamba kuphulika pofika zaka zitatu kapena zinayi. Maluwawo ndi achikasu., ndipo zipatso zimakula mu September.

Tsache kunama - Chamaecytisus supinus

Dziko lakwawo la mbeu ndi South ndi Central Europe.

Zomera zomwe zimakhala mmenemo zikupitirira kuyambira masiku otsiriza a April mpaka pakati pa mwezi wa Oktoba. Chitsamba chachikulu chikhoza kufika kuchokera masentimita 50 mpaka zana.

Amakula pafupipafupi, ndipo amayamba kuphuka ndi kubala chipatso pofika zaka zitatu. Maluwa amatha pafupi masiku makumi anayi ndi asanu.

Amayamba pakati pa mwezi wa June ndipo amatha kumapeto kwa July, ndipo kumapeto kwa September zipatso zimapsa.

Podolsky tsache - Chamaecytisus podolicus

Tsache Podolsky anagawa ku Ukraine komanso ku Ulaya. Kawirikawiri amasankha malo otsetsereka a miyala yamchere monga malo ake. Kutalika, izi zosiyanasiyana zimatha kufika masentimita makumi asanu, koma ku Moscow mungapeze zitsanzo zomwe zafika mita imodzi. Mzere wa korona wawo ndi pafupifupi mamita awiri.

Nthawi ya maluwa ya mbewu imeneyi imayambira ku theka lachiwiri la June mpaka September, ndipo chipatso chikhoza kuphuka kuyambira August mpaka Oktoba.

Tsache lofiirira - Chamaecytisus purpureus

Mitundu imeneyi imapezeka m'mitengo ya zitsamba zomwe zasankha mapiri South ndi Central Europe. Ndizo zokwawa shrubzomwe kaŵirikaŵiri zimafika masentimita makumi asanu m'litali. Zitha kuzindikiridwa ndi korona yofalikira ya mtundu wobiriwira, womwe uli ndi nthambi zotukulidwa, zomwe zili ndi masamba atatu ndi magawo omwe ali ngati ellipse. Ifika pamtunda kwa zaka zitatu kapena zinayi.

Mphukira ya woimira nyama zakutchire amatha kuona kumapeto kwa mwezi wa May kapena mwezi wa June, ndipo nthawi ya kukula kwawo ikufika mpaka mwezi wa Oktoba. M'nyengo yozizira, shrub frosting kupita ku chizindikiro chomwe chili ndi chivundikiro cha chisanu. Iye amakonda malo abwino ndi nthaka ya carbonate.

Kukongola kofiiriraku kumayambira pachimake m'chaka chachisanu mpaka chisanu ndi chimodzi cha moyo wake. Maluwa ake okongola amakondwera kwambiri chaka chilichonse kuyambira kumapeto kwa May mpaka kumapeto kwa June. Chomera chimayamba kubala chipatso kuyambira zaka zisanu, zipatsozo zimafika kukhwima m'masiku otsiriza a August kapena sabata yoyamba ya September. Nthawi ya zomera imayambira mu Meyi ndi kumaliza masiku zana limodzi ndi makumi asanu ndi limodzi mphambu zitatu.

Msuzi wa Regensburg - Chamaecytisus ratisbonensis

Mitundu imeneyi imakhala kum'mwera chakumadzulo kwa Ulaya ndi m'mphepete mwa Mtsinje wa Dnieper ku Ukraine pakati pa zitsamba zina kapena m'mabotolo a m'nkhalango.

Pamwamba iye amakula mpaka masentimita makumi atatu. Mphukira ya brosburg ya Regensburg ili ndi masamba a siliva ndi masamba atatu.

Maluwa a moth Mtundu wowala kwambiri womwe uli ndi bulauni wofiira pamtengo wapatali womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mphukira ya chaka chatha mu tsamba la axils ndipo umagwirizanitsidwa ndi maburashi amodzi, ofanana ndi scallops.

Maluwa amakhala pa zomera izi kuyambira masiku khumi ndi awiri mpaka makumi awiri ndi awiri. Zipatso zake ndi nyemba zolemera pafupifupi masentimita atatu.

Chomera ichi n'chosiyana chidwi chozizira chisanu ndi kuwala kokonda. Zosavuta kulekerera nyengo yowuma.

Roshal Tsache - Chamaecytisus rochelii

Roshal broomstick kufalikira m'mayiko a ku Balkan ku Ulaya, komanso m'mphepete mwa nkhalango za coniferous kumadzulo kwa Ukraine. Imakula mpaka mamita makumi asanu ndi anayi mpaka makumi asanu ndi anai ndipo imafalitsa mphukira yophimbidwa ndi masamba ndi magawo atatu a oval-lanceolate, omwe tsitsi lofiira ndilo masentimita awiri ndi hafu kukula.

Maluwa ndi zipatso zimayamba kuonekera kuthengo ali ndi zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi. Nthawi yamaluwa imayamba mu June ndipo imatha pafupifupi masabata angapo. Maluwawo ali ndi chikasu chakudandipo kutalika kwake ndi millimeters khumi ndi zisanu. Iwo amasonkhana mu inflorescences.

Kuphuka zipatso kumatha kuchitika mwezi wachitatu wa chilimwe. Iwo ali ndi nyemba za pubescent zogulira.

Kwa shrub yotereyi ndi yabwino kwambiri nthaka yamchenga ndi miyala. Amakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa ndipo alibe vuto. kupirira chilala.

Tsache Russian - Chamaecytisus ruthenicu

Mitundu imeneyi imapezeka kwambiri. ku Caucasus ndi kumadzulo kwa Siberiakomanso m'mapiri a steppes ndi nkhalango za m'madera a Ulaya a Russian Federation.

Ikhoza kukula ponse pamapiri otsetsereka ndi m'nkhalango zachilengedwe. Kuonjezera apo, imayambitsa nkhalango zowonongeka, ndikukhazikitsa nthaka yopanda mchenga.

Kutalika kwake kumakhala pafupi mamita limodzi ndi theka. Amadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa nthambi zofiira kapena zowongoka ndipo amawombera ndi silky m'mphepete mwake.

Nthambizi zili ndi masamba a trifoliate ndi loanceolate-elliptical lobes yopangidwa ndi munga. Mtundu wa kunja kwa masamba uli ndi mtundu wofiirira. Mbali zawo zamkati zili ndi tsitsi lonse.

Muzitsamba za masamba mungaoneke kuchokera pa atatu mpaka asanu maluwa okongola a kukula kwakukulu. Maluwa amatha masiku makumi awiri ndi asanu.

Zipatso ndi nyemba zowonongeka, kutalika kwake zomwe siziposa mamita makumi atatu. Amafika kukhwima m'mwezi woyamba wa autumn. Mitundu yambiri ya nyemba ikhoza kukhala yakuda imvi kapena yakuda. Kuchokera pamwamba iwo ali ndi tsitsi la imvi. Mkati mwa chipatsocho mudzapeza mbewu zonyezimira, kutalika kwake ndi mamita atatu, ndi mtundu wobiriwira kapena wachikasu.

TAYESANI Mitengo ina ya azitsamba ngati amalima a msuzi: Skimmy ndi Leptospermum. Zingakhalenso zokongoletsera nyumba kapena munda wanu.

Kusamalira kwanu

Kusamala mutagula

Ngati mwaganiza kugula broom, muyenera kumvetsera kwa mbande zomwe zidakula miphika kapena zitsamba.

Zomera zakale za kukula kwakukulukukhala ndi mizu yopanda mizere sayenera kugula, chifukwa adzizoloŵera malo osadziwika kwa nthawi yaitali kapena sangakhale mizu nkomwe.

Sankhani pasadakhale chiwembu chokonzekera chokonzekera mwatsatanetsatane zomera zowonda. Malo omwe amapangidwe nawo ayenera kukhala otetezedwa bwino kuchokera ku chisanu ndi mphepo yamphamvu. Zingakhale bwino kuti mumvetsere mu nthaka yochepa ya acidic, yomwe imapangitsa mosavuta kudyetsa.

ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Mukamagula nyama yatsopano, yang'anani mosamala kwa tizirombo ndi zizindikiro za matenda a fungus. Pambuyo pobweretsa chomeracho kunyumba, chigwiritsireni ntchito pokhapokha ngati mankhwala ndi fungicide.

Kudulira

Kudulira broom kumachitika mutatha.

Mphukira chaka chatha adadulidwa theka la kukula kwawo.

Kusokoneza kumeneku kumalimbikitsa kutuluka kwa mphukira zatsopano, kumene maluwa adzawonekera chaka chamawa.

ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Mukamakolola mphukira, yesetsani kuti musakhudze mbali zikuluzikulu za nthambi zomwe zatha kuzimitsa.

Kuthirira

Kutentha kwa nyengo ndi chilimwe kumakhala kokwanira zambiri ndipo apangidwe mwamsanga mutatha kuyanika pamwamba. M'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira, ayenera kuthiriridwa pang'ono, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa nthaka chinyezi kumayambitsa kuyesa. Kuthira madzi kumagwiritsa ntchito madzi, kuphatikizapo laimu.

Tikufika

Kubzala ma breeches ayenera kuchitidwa m'nthaka, yomwe ili ndi gawo limodzi la nthaka ya turf, gawo limodzi la humus ndi magawo awiri a mchenga. Manyowa amchere ayenera kuchitidwa nthawi yomweyo kunthaka.

Nthawi yabwino yobzala mbande ndi masika. Kutalika kwa dzenje kuyenera kuwirikiza kawiri kukula kwa dothi ladothi, lomwe lili pazitsamba za mmera. Mtunda pakati pa maenje oyenda ayenera kukhala kuyambira masentimita 30 mpaka makumi asanu.

Pansi pa dzenje pamakhala kuika madzi osungirako madzi, omwe amakhala nawo mabala a nyanja kapena zidutswa za njerwaamene chingwe chake chiyenera kukhala pafupifupi masentimita makumi awiri.

Mitsuko imatsanuliridwa pansi mpaka msinkhu wake uli wofanana ndi malire apamwamba a clod yadothi ndi mizu yake. Pambuyo pake, kuzungulira chomeracho chiyenera kutsanulira dziko lapansi ndi nkhosa. Musaiwale kuti mupume madzi okwanira. Mutabzala mmera kumafuna madzi ambiri okwanira.

Kuwaza

Pokhala wamkulu, kupatsa kwa tsache sikulekerera, choncho ngati pakufunika njirayi, ndiye kuti iyenera kuchitidwa ali wamng'ono.

ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Pamizu ya woimira firimu, mukhoza kuona tubers yomwe simukufunika kuisakaniza. Amadziunjikira zakudya.

Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu kunyumba

Ngati mukufuna kukula mwachangu, kuchokera ku mbewu, akhoza kukolola ku nyemba zokolola mu August kapena September.

Pofuna kubzala mbewu, konzekerani zitsulo zomwe zimayenera kudzazidwa ndi mchenga kapena kusakaniza nthaka yapadera.

Kuti mupeze izo zimafunika kusakaniza peat ndi mchenga mu gawo lofanana.

Mbewu ziyenera kuwonjezeka pansi ndi mamita asanu kapena asanu ndi limodzi. Mutabzala mbewu, ikani chidebe m'malo amdima, kutentha kwa mpweya zomwe zidzakhalabe mkati pakati pa khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri mphambu makumi awiri ndi zitatu za kutenthedwa. Mitengo ya mbewu imasowa kupopera mbewu nthawi zonse.

Mbewu zikamera, zimayenera kugawanika miphika, ndipo kutalika kwake kumakhala masentimita asanu ndi awiri. Lembani miphika ndi chisakanizo cha gawo limodzi la humus, gawo limodzi la mchenga ndi magawo awiri a dziko lapansi lopanda thanzi.

Pakubwera kasupe, mbande ziyenera kuikidwa mu miphika ndi kutalika kwa masentimita khumi ndi limodzi ndikuziphwanya kuti ziyambe kutuluka.

Kuswana

Pali njira zotere zoberekera kwa woimira dziko lapansili:

• mbewu;
• kuyala;
• cuttings.

Pamene zipatso pa tchire zikadzatha, zimatsegula ndipo kutaya mbewu zambirizomwe, popanda thandizo, zimamera kuzungulira chitsamba. Masamba akawoneka pa mphukirazi, mukhoza kuwamasulira ku malo ena.

Kuti mupeze zigawo, nkofunika kugubuduza nthambi za chitsamba chakale ndikuziika m'mayenje omwe anakonzedwa kale, kenako kuziwaza ndi nthaka.

Cuttings tsache anapanga m'miyezi yoyambirira ya chilimwe. Dulani zidutswa zing'onozing'ono makumi khumi ndi makumi awiri kutalika, tisiyeni masamba atatu kapena anayi ndikuziika m'mitsuko yodzaza ndi mchere wambiri.

Tambani mabokosi omwe ali ndi filimu yowonongeka ya polyethylene ndikudikirira pafupi miyezi imodzi ndi theka mpaka zidutswazo zizulidwe. Sungani mabokosi mu chipinda momwe kutentha kwa mpweya kumasungidwa pa chizindikiro cha kuphatikiza madigiri makumi awiri.

PEZANI ZOKHUDZA! Mwinamwake inu mudzakondwera ndi maluwa osadabwitsa kuchokera ku gulu la masamba okongoletsera, monga: zodabwitsa Strobilantes, zachilendo Kufeya, zokongola Caladium.

Kutentha

Pakati pa nyengo ya chilimwe, kutentha kwa mpweya kwa mphutsi ndi khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu-madigiri makumi awiri ndi asanu pamwamba pa zero.

Mu November, imalowa mu nthawi yopumula, yomwe imatha mpaka February.

Panthawiyi, kutentha kwapakatikuyenera kukhala pakati pa madigiri asanu ndi atatu ndi khumi, popeza kutentha kwapamwamba kuposa madigiri khumi ndi limodzi mpweya wanu udzayamba kuvulaza.

Kuunikira

Nthawi zambiri tsache amakonda kuwala kowala. Kuchepa kwa kuwala kwa dzuwa sikungamupweteke, koma masana ndi zabwino kumupangira pang'ono.

Ngati mumasunga tsache mu chipinda, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kumverera pazenera zomwe zili kumbali ya kum'maŵa kapena kumadzulo, koma mukhoza kuziyika kumwera kapena kumwera kwakumwera.

Pindulani ndi kuvulaza

ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Kukula tsache, musaiwale zimenezo chomera ichi ndi chakupha. Koma ngakhale zili choncho, zimakhala ndi machiritso ena.

Choncho, wankhondo wa ku Russia amadzikuza zambiri za flavonoidsamatha kutulutsa chlorine kuchokera m'thupi. Kuphatikiza apo, iwo ali abwino kwambiri kusintha kwa diuretic.

Kuti mukonzekere tincture kapena decoction ya Russian mphepo, muyenera kusonkhanitsa nthambi zapamwamba za tchire yokutidwa ndi achinyamata maluwa mwamsanga maluwa. Mankhwala ovomerezedwa akulimbikitsidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ndi anthu ovutika cholecystitis, hepatitis, angina kapena migraine.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Tsitsi ndi losiyana Kukaniza tizirombo ndi matenda.

Nthawi zina zimatha kuwonongedwa ndi thumba la tsache, lomwe likhoza kuwonongeka mosavuta ndi kupopera mbewu ndi 0.2% ya chlorophos.

Mungathe kulimbana ndi njenjete ya broom pogwiritsa ntchito organophosphate kapena tizilombo tina tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Mukapezeka pamasamba a powdery mildew, m'pofunika kuthandizira kugona kwake ndi masamba 5% a mkuwa wa sulfate.

Kutsiliza

Ndibwino, tsache limatha kukhala lokongola kwambiri m'munda wanu ndipo chaka chilichonse mumakondweretsa diso lanu ndi maluwa okongola kwambiri.